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van der Greef, J. (author), Stroobant, P. (author), van der Heijden, R. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Medical systems biology has generated widespread interest because of its bold conception and exciting potential, but the field is still in its infancy. Although there has been tremendous progress achieved recently in generating, integrating and analysing data in the medical and pharmaceutical field, many challenges remain, especially with...article 2004
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'T Hart, B.A. (author), Vogels, J. (author), Bauer, J. (author), Brok, H.P.M. (author), Blezer, E. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Early recognition of whether a product has potential as a new therapy for treating multiple sclerosis (MS) relies upon the quality of the animal models used in the preclinical trials. The promising effects of new treatments in rodent models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) have rarely been reproduced in patients suffering from...article 2004
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de Maat, M.P.M. (author), Trion, A. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Purpose of review C-reactive protein (CRP) is consistently associated with cardiovascular disease in prospective and cross-sectional clinical and epidemiological studies. Inflammation is an important mechanism in cardiovascular disease, and the plasma level of CRP is considered to. reflect the inflammatory condition of the patient and/or the...article 2004
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- Ommen, B. (author), Groten, J.P. (author), TNO Voeding (author) article 2004
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TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author), Landewé, R. (author), Geusens, P. (author), Boers, M. (author), van der Heijde, D. (author), Lems, W. (author), te Koppele, J. (author), van der Linden, S. (author), Garnero, P. (author)Objective. To investigate in a randomized clinical trial setting with an aggressive combination-therapy arm and a mild-monotherapy arm, whether therapy-induced changes in urinary C-terminal crosslinking telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I) and type II collagen (CTX-II) predict 5-year radiographic progression in patients with rheumatoid...article 2004
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Gaubius Instituut TNO (author), Tchetverikov, I. (author), Ronday, H.K. (author), van El, B. (author), Kiers, G.H. (author), Verzijl, N. (author), TeKoppele, J.M. (author), Huizinga, T.W.J. (author), de Groot, J. (author), Hanemaaijer, R. (author)Objective: To analyse matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor-1 of MMPs (TIMP-1) levels in the systemic circulation and synovial fluid (SF) of patients with RA and to compare these levels with inflammatory and collagen degradation markers. Methods: ProMMP-1, -2, -3, -8, -9, TIMP-1, levels of MMP/ α2-macroglobulin complexes, and...article 2004
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Identification of disease- and nutrient-related metabolic fingerprints in osteoarthritic guinea pigsLamers, R.-J.A.N. (author), de Groot, J. (author), Spies-Faber, E.J. (author), Jellema, R.H. (author), Kraus, V.B. (author), Verzijl, N. (author), te Koppele, J.M. (author), Spijksma, G.K. (author), Vogels, J.T.W.E. (author), van der Greef, J. (author), van Nesselrooij, J.H.J. (author)Osteoarthritis (OA), one of the most common diseases among the elderly, is characterized by the progressive destruction of joint tissues. Its etiology is largely unclear and no effective disease-modifying treatment is currently available. Metabolic fingerprinting provides a novel tool for the identification of biomarkers. A metabolic fingerprint...article 2003
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Broekmans, W.M.R. (author), Klöpping-Ketelaars, I.A.A. (author), Weststrate, J.A. (author), Tijburg, L.B.M. (author), van Poppel, G. (author), Vink, A.A. (author), Berendschot, T.T.J.M. (author), Bots, M.L. (author), Castenmiller, W.A.M. (author), Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author)Excessive consumption of energy and fat increases the risk for obesity. Snacks containing sucrose polyesters (SPE) as a dietary fat replacer are on the market in the United States. SPE products have been shown to lower concentrations of serum carotenoids in short-term studies. Experimental studies on the longer-term effects on health of...article 2003
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Witte, D.R. (author), Broekmans, W.M.R. (author), Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author), Klöpping-Ketelaars, I.A.A. (author), van Poppel, G. (author), Bots, M.L. (author), Kluft, C. (author), Princen, J.M.G. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author)Background: Flow mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1) are measures of distinct functions of the endothelium, reflecting nitric oxide (NO)-mediated and pro-inflammatory status, respectively. The comparative value of the two measures in relation to cardiovascular risk is unknown....article 2003
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Sillanaukee, P. (author), van der Gaag, M.S. (author), Sierksma, A. (author), Hendriks, H.F.J. (author), Strid, N. (author), Pönniö, M. (author), Nikkari, S.T. (author)Background: There are only limited data obtained under well controlled conditions on the effects of moderate drinking on markers of alcohol use disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of moderate intake of different alcoholic beverages on these markers, including carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT), sialic acid (SA),...article 2003
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Vermeulen, M. (author), Zwanenburg, B. (author), Chittenden, G.J.F. (author), Verhagen, H. (author)Twelve mercapturic acids derived from saturated and unsaturated aliphatic and aromatic isothiocyanates were synthesised, by adding isothiocyanate to a solution of N-acetyl-L-cysteine and sodium bicarbonate, in a typical yield of 77%. Isothiocyanates were synthesised first by adding the corresponding alkyl bromide to phthalimide potassium salt....article 2003
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- Noort, D. (author), Fidder, A. (author), Hulst, A.G. (author), Prins Maurits Laboratorium TNO (author) article 2003
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PG (author), Tchetverikov, I. (author), Verzijl, N. (author), Huizinga, T.W.J. (author), TeKoppele, J.M. (author), Hanemaaijer, R. (author), de Groot, J. (author)Objective. The aim of the present study was to analyze alpha2Macroglobulin/MMP (alpha2M/MMP) complex formation and to investigate whether MMP activity in alpha2M/MMP complexes in serum can be used as a disease marker in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods. High and low molecular weight (H/LMW) substrates and inhibitors and size exclusion were...article 2003
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TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author), Tchetverikov, I. (author), Lard, L.R. (author), de Groot, J. (author), Verzijl, N. (author), TeKoppele, J.M. (author), Breedveld, F.C. (author), Huizinga, T.W.J. (author), Hanemaaijer, R. (author)Objective: To analyse the relation between systemic levels of pro-MMP-3, -8, and -9 matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity in α2 macroglobulin (α2M)/MMP complexes and the progression of joint destruction in patients with recent onset rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: 109 patients with RA of recent onset were entered into this longitudinal...article 2003
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Tuomainen, A. (author), Kangas, J.A. (author), Meuling, W.J.A. (author), Glass, R.C. (author), Instituut CIVO-Toxicologie en Voeding TNO (author)Malathion was applied to roses in three Finnish greenhouses by hand held lance sprayers. The potential dermal exposure of applicators to this insecticide was measured. Total urine production of each applicator was also collected up to 24 h post application. In the urine samples the specific metabolite of malathion, malathion monocarboxylic acid ...article 2002
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Noort, D. (author), Benschop, H.P. (author), Black, R.M. (author), Prins Maurits Laboratorium TNO (author)In this report an overview of the methods currently available for detection of exposure to a number of chemical warfare agents (CWA), i.e., sulfur mustard, lewisite and nerve agents, is presented. Such methods can be applied for various purposes, e.g., diagnosis and dosimetry of exposure of casualties, confirmation of nonexposure, verification...article 2002
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Gómez-Aracena, J. (author), Martin-Moreno, J.M. (author), Riemersma, R.A. (author), Bode, P. (author), Gutiérrez-Bedmar, M. (author), Gorgojo, L. (author), Kark, J.D. (author), Garcia-Rodríguez, A. (author), Gomez-Gracia, E. (author), Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author), Aro, A. (author), van 't Veer, P. (author), Wedel, H. (author), Kok, F.J. (author), Fernández-Crehuet, J. (author)The association between scandium status and risk of acute myocardial infarction (MI) was examined in a multicentre case control study in 10 centres from Europe and Israel. Scandium in toenails was assessed in 684 cases and 724 controls less than 70 years of age. Mean concentrations of toenail scandium were 6.74 μg/kg in cases and 7.75 μg/kg in...article 2002
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Kroes, R. (author), Müller, D. (author), Lambe, J. (author), Löwik, M.R.H. (author), van Klaveren, J. (author), Kleiner, J. (author), Massey, R. (author), Mayer, S. (author), Urieta, I. (author), Verger, P. (author), Visconti, A. (author)Exposure assessment is one of the key parts of the risk assessment process. Only intake of toxicologically significant amounts can lead to adverse health effects even for a relatively toxic substance. In the case of chemicals in foods this is based on three major aspects: (i) how to determine quantitatively the presence of a chemical in...article 2002
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von der Thüsen, J.H. (author), van Vlijmen, B.J.M. (author), Hoeben, R.C. (author), Kockx, M.M. (author), Havekes, L.M. (author), van Berkel, T.J.C. (author), Biessen, E.A.L. (author)Background - The presence of the tumor-suppressor gene p53 in advanced atherosclerotic plaques and the sensitivity to p53-induced cell death of smooth muscle cells isolated from these plaques have fueled speculation about the role of p53 in lesion destabilization and plaque rupture. In this study, we describe a strategy to promote (thrombotic)...article 2002
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van Ommen, B. (author), Stierum, R. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Nutritional sciences are discovering the application of the so-called 'omics' sciences. Propelled by the recent unravelling of the human genome and the coinciding technological developments, genotyping, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics are now available to nutritional research. In the future we are likely to see new screening tools...article 2002