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Aguirre, M. (author), Venema, K. (author)Recently, a great deal of interest has been expressed regarding strategies to tackle worldwide obesity because of its accelerated wide spread accompanied with numerous negative effects on health and high costs. Obesity has been traditionally associated with an imbalance in energy consumed when compared to energy expenditure. However, growing...article 2015
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Bussolo de Souza, C. (author), Roeselers, G. (author), Troost, F. (author), Jonkers, D. (author), Koenen, M.E. (author), Venema, K. (author)Obesity is currently a worldwide epidemic that has serious consequences for health. It has been suggested that the gut microbiota can influence body weight, e.g., by producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), which are substrates for the host and induce the release of satiety hormones (e.g., PYY). To test the potential prebiotic effect of cassava...article 2014
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Ladirat, S.E. (author), Schoterman, M.H.C. (author), Rahaoui, H. (author), Mars, M. (author), Schuren, F.H.J. (author), Gruppen, H. (author), Nauta, A. (author), Schols, H.A. (author)In the present double-blind, randomised, parallel intervention study, the effects of the intake of galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) on the gut microbiota of twelve healthy adult subjects (aged 18-45 years with a normal BMI (18-25 kg/m2)) receiving amoxicillin (AMX) treatment were determined. All the subjects were treated with AMX (375 mg; three...article 2014
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Mariman, R. (author), Kremer, S.H.A. (author), Koning, F. (author), Nagelkerken, L. (author)Probiotic bacteria express a wide range of molecular structures that bind to receptors on innate immune cells and mediate health-promoting effects in the host. We have recently demonstrated in a colitis model that favourable effects of the probiotic mixture VSL#3 may in part be due to the suppression of intestinal chemokine expression. To obtain...article 2014
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van den Abbeele, P. (author), Venema, K. (author), van de Wiele, T. (author), Verstraete, W. (author), Possemiers, S. (author)Different in vitro models have been developed to assess how food compounds affect the human gut microbiota. Using two such models (SHIME(R) and TIM-2), we compared how long-chain arabinoxylan (LC-AX), a wheat-derived potentially prebiotic fiber, and inulin (IN), a well-established prebiotic compound, modulate SCFA production and bifidobacteria...article 2013
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Boesten, R. (author), Schuren, F. (author), Wind, R.D. (author), Knol, J. (author), de Vos, W.M. (author)A total of 20 Bifidobacterium strains were isolated from fecal samples of 4 breast- and bottle-fed infants and all were characterized as Bifidobacterium breve based on 16S rRNA gene sequence and metabolic analysis. These isolates were further characterized and compared to the type strains of B. breve and 7 other Bifidobacterium spp. by...article 2011
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Martinez, R.C.R. (author), Aynaou, A.E. (author), Albrecht, S. (author), Schols, H.A. (author), de Martinis, E.C.P. (author), Zoetendal, E.G. (author), Venema, K. (author), Saad, S.M.I. (author), Smidt, H. (author)Probiotic properties of Lactobacillus amylovorus DSM 16698 were previously demonstrated in piglets. Here, its potential as a human probiotic was studied in vitro, using the TIM-1 system, which is fully validated to simulate the human upper gastrointestinal tract. To evaluate the effect of the food matrix composition on the survival of L....article 2011
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Verbeek, R. (author), Bsibsi, M. (author), Plomp, A. (author), van Neerven, R.J. (author), te Biesebeke, R. (author), van Noort, J.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)The probiotic properties of commensal bacteria including lactobacilli and bifidobacteria are likely to be determined at least in part by their effects on dendritic cells. Like traditional immune stimulants such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS), probiotic bacteria promote maturation of cultured human dendritic cells (DC) by inducing elevated...article 2010
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Maathuis, A. (author), Hoffman, A. (author), Evans, A. (author), Sanders, L. (author), Venema, K. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of 5 newly developed maize-based fibers on the activity and composition of the microbiota in the colon. The fibers tested were glucose-based and had variable structures, including 2 resistant starch preparations, soluble corn fiber, pullulan, and soluble fiber dextrin. METHODS: The fibers were predigested,...article 2009
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Boesten, R.J. (author), Schuren, F.H.J. (author), de Vos, W.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)A genomic DNA-based microarray was constructed containing over 6000 randomly cloned genomic fragments of approximately 1-2 kb from six mammalian intestinal Bifidobacterium spp. including B. adolescentis, B. animalis, B. bifidum, B. catenulatum, B. longum and B. pseudolongum. This Bifidobacterium Mixed-Species (BMS) microarray was used to...article 2009
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TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Klaassens, E.S. (author), Boesten, R.J. (author), Haarman, M. (author), Knol, J. (author), Schuren, F.H. (author), Vaughan, E.E. (author), Vos, W.M.de (author)Although their exact function remains enigmatic, bifidobacteria are among the first colonizers of the newborn infant gut and further develop into abundant communities, notably in response to diet. Therefore, the transcriptional responses of bifidobacteria in rapidly processed fecal samples from young infants that were fed either breast milk or a...article 2009
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Kovatcheva-Datchary, P. (author), Egert, M. (author), Maathuis, A. (author), Rajilić-Stojanović, M. (author), de Graaf, A.A. (author), Smidt, H. (author), de Vos, W.M. (author), Venema, K. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Summary Carbohydrates, including starches, are an important energy source for humans, and are known for their interactions with the microbiota in the digestive tract. Largely, those interactions are thought to promote human health. Using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA)-based stable isotope probing (SIP), we identified starch-fermenting bacteria under...article 2009
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Boesten, R.J. (author), de Vos, W.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Scientific evidence that supports a correlation between our intestinal microbiota and health status has caused significant interest in microbe-host interaction studies. It has generated a paradigm shift from analyzing pathogens to that involving commensal and probiotic bacteria. This review summarizes the interaction mechanisms described for...article 2008
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He, T. (author), Venema, K. (author), Priebe, M.G. (author), Welling, G.W. (author), Brummer, R.J.M. (author), Vonk, R.J. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), KvL (author)Lactose maldigestion and intolerance affect a large part of the world population. The underlying factors of lactose intolerance are not fully understood. In this review, the role of colonic metabolism is discussed, i.e. fermentation of lactose by the colonic microbiota, colonic processing of the fermentation metabolites and how these processes...article 2008
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Venema, K. (author), Maathuis, A.J.H. (author), TNO Voeding (author)A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method was developed for the identification of isolates of Bifidobacterium at the species level. Using two Bifidobacterium-specific primers directed against the 16S ribosomal gene (Bif164 and Bif662), a PCR product was obtained from the type strains of 12 different bifidobacterial species that have been...article 2003
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TNO BIBRA (author), Edwards, C.A. (author), Rumney, C. (author), Davies, M. (author), Parrett, A.M. (author), Dore, J. (author), Martin, F. (author), Schmitt, J. (author), Stahl, B. (author), Norin, E. (author), Midtvedt, T. (author), Rowland, I.R. (author), Heavey, P. (author), Köhler, H. (author), Stocks, B. (author), Schroten, H. (author)Objectives: Bacterial colonization of the infant gut may have important influences on the development of gastrointestinal, respiratory, and allergic disease. Early diet is a major determinant of the gut microflora. It is very difficult to carry out studies in human infants that can investigate the interaction of diet, flora, and mucosa. In this...article 2003
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TNO Voeding (author), Venema, K. (author), van Nuenen, M.H.M.C. (author), van den Heuvel, E.G. (author), Pool, W. (author), van der Vossen, J.M.B.M. (author)The objective of this study was to compare the in vivo effect of lactulose on faecal parameters with the effect in a dynamic, computer-controlled in vitro model of the proximal large intestine (TIM-2). Faecal samples from 10 human volunteers collected before (non-adapted) and after 1 week of treatment (10 g/day) with lactulose (lactulose-adapted...article 2003
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TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author), Posthuma, C.C. (author), Bader, R. (author), Engelmann, R. (author), Postma, P.W. (author), Hengstenberg, W. (author), Pouwels, P.H. (author)Purification of xylulose 5-phosphate phosphoketolase (XpkA), the central enzyme of the phosphoketolase pathway (PKP) in lactic acid bacteria, and cloning and sequence analysis of the encoding gene, xpkA, from Lactobacillus pentosus MD363 are described, xpkA encodes a 788-amino-acid protein with a calculated mass of 88,705 Da. Expression of xpkA...article 2002
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van der Werf, M. (author), Venema, K. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Bifidobacteria are among the most common bacteria in the human intestine and are thought to have a positive effect on human health. Therefore, there is an increasing interest in using these microorganisms as probiotics, either in fermented dairy products or formulated as tablets. However, convincing scientific data supporting their health claims...article 2001
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Minekus, M. (author), Smeets-Peeters, M. (author), Havenaar, R. (author), Bernalier, A. (author), Fonty, G. (author), Marol-Bonnin, S. (author), Alric, M. (author), Marteau, P. (author), in 't Huis Veld, J.H.J. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)This paper introduces a new type of system to simulate conditions in the large intestine. This system combines removal of metabolites and water with peristaltic mixing to obtain and handle physiological concentrations of microorganisms, dry matter and microbial metabolites. The system has been designed to be complementary to the dynamic multi...article 1999
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