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Tosti, L. (author), van Zomeren, A. (author), Pels, J.R. (author), Comans, R.N.J. (author)Purpose: This study evaluates the potential of biomass ash as raw clinker material and the influence of biomass feedstock and thermal conversion technology on biomass ash properties. Methods: A set of criteria for biomass feedstock and ash properties (i.e. CaO/SiO2 ratio and burnability) are established. A large dataset was collected and the...article 2021
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Tosti, L. (author), van Zomeren, A. (author), Pels, J.R. (author), Comans, R.N.J. (author)This study evaluates the potential of biomass ash as raw clinker material and the infuence of biomass feedstock and thermal conversion technology on biomass ash properties. Methods: A set of criteria for biomass feedstock and ash properties (i.e. CaO/SiO2 ratio and burnability) are established. A large dataset was collected and the best...article 2021
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Blasenhauer, D. (author), Huber, F. (author), Lederer, J. (author), Quina, M.J. (author), Blanc-Biscarat, D. (author), Bogush, A. (author), Bontempi, E. (author), Blondeau, J. (author), Chimenos, J.M. (author), Dahlbo, H. (author), Fagerqvist, J. (author), Giro-Paloma, J. (author), Hjelmar, O. (author), Hyks, J. (author), Keaney, J. (author), Lupsea-Toader, M. (author), O'Caollai, C.J. (author), Orupold, K. (author), Pajak, T. (author), Simon, F.G. (author), Svecova, L. (author), Syc, M. (author), Ulvang, R. (author), Vaajesaari, K. (author), van Caneghem, J. (author), van Zomeren, A. (author), Vasarevicius, S. (author), Wegner, K. (author), Fellner, J. (author)Almost 500 municipal solid waste incineration plants in the EU, Norway and Switzerland generate about 17.6 Mt/a of incinerator bottom ash (IBA). IBA contains minerals and metals. Metals are mostly separated and sold to the scrap market and minerals are either disposed of in landfills or utilised in the construction sector. Since there is no...article 2020
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Tosti, L. (author), van Zomeren, A. (author), Pels, J.R. (author), Damgaard, A. (author), Comans, R.N.J. (author)In this study, we performed a life cycle assessment of the reuse of biomass fly ash as secondary cementitious material in cement mortars as alternative to a reference landfill scenario of the ash. Since biomass ash does contain enhanced levels of elements that are of potential concern for the environment or human exposure, the performed Life...article 2019
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Tosti, L. (author), van Zomeren, A. (author), Pels, J.R. (author), Dijkstra, J.J. (author), Comans, R.N.J. (author)The pH-dependent availability and leaching of major and trace elements was investigated for a wide range of biomass ash from different fuels and conversion technologies. A technical and environmental assessment of selected biomass ash for application in soil or cement mortars was performed, using both the total content and leaching of elements....article 2019
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Keulen, A. (author), van Zomeren, A. (author), Dijkstra, J.J. (author)This study explores the leaching of oxyanionic metalloid species (As, Mo, Se, V and Cr) from alkali activated slag-fly ash materials (AAM), dependent on various mixture parameters i.e., activator molarity, slag-fly ash precursor/binder compositions, liquid to binder ratio, curing time and strength. The analyses focusses on the leaching of...article 2018
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Tosti, L. (author), van Zomeren, A. (author), Pels, J.R. (author), Comans, R.N.J. (author)This study evaluated the mechanical and environmental properties of cement mortars containing fly ash from biomass combustion as a secondary cementitious material. Cement mortars with 20 and 40% wt. replacement of Portland cement with fly ash from two types of installations were tested for their compressive strength and leaching behaviour....article 2018
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Fu, G. (author), Xiang Lin, H. (author), Heemink, A. (author), Lu, S. (author), Segers, A. (author), van Velzen, N. (author), Lu, T. (author), Xu, S. (author)In this study, we investigate a strategy to accelerate the data assimilation (DA) algorithm. Based on evaluations of the computational time, the analysis step of the assimilation turns out to be the most expensive part. After a study of the characteristics of the ensemble ash state, we propose a mask-state algorithm which records the sparsity...article 2017
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Koster, S. (author), Leeman, W.R. (author), Verheij, E.R. (author), Dutman, A.E. (author), van Stee, L.L.P. (author), Munch Nielsen, L. (author), Ronsmans, S. (author), Noteborn, H. (author), Krul, L. (author)A main challenge in food safety research is to demonstrate that processing of foodstuffs does not lead to the formation of substances for which the safety upon consumption might be questioned. This is especially so since food is a complex matrix in which the analytical detection of substances, and consequent risk assessment thereof, is difficult...article 2015
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Fu, G. (author), Lin, H.X. (author), Heemink, A.W. (author), Segers, A.J. (author), Lu, S. (author), Palsson, T. (author)The 2010 Eyjafjallajökull volcano eruption had serious consequences to civil aviation. This has initiated a lot of research on volcanic ash transport forecast in recent years. For forecasting the volcanic ash transport after eruption onset, a volcanic ash transport and diffusion model (VATDM) needs to be run with Eruption Source Parameters (ESP)...article 2015
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Valcke, S.L.A. (author), Pipilikaki, P. (author), Fischer, H.R. (author), Verkuijlen, M.H.W. (author), Eck, E.R.H. (author)Geopolymers are systems of inorganic binders that can be used for sustainable, cementless concrete and are formed by alkali activation of an aluminium–silicate precursor (often secondary resources like fly ash or slag). The type of aluminium– silicate precursor and its potential variations within one batch may influence geopolymer performance....article 2014
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TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Boelsma, E. (author), Kloek, J. (author)Background. Milk derived peptides have been identified as potential antihypertensive agents. The primary objective was to investigate the effectiveness of IPP-rich milk protein hydrolysates (MPH) on reducing blood pressure (BP) as well as to investigate safety parameters and tolerability. The secondary objective was to confirm or falsify ACE...article 2010
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van der Harst, M.R. (author), de Groot, J. (author), Kiers, G.H. (author), Brama, P.A.J. (author), van de Lest, C.H.A. (author), van Weeren, P.R. (author)Objective - To assess whether site-related changes in biochemical composition are present in the cartilage and subchondral and trabecular bone of the metacarpophalangeal joint of horses with early osteoarthritis. Sample population - Right metacarpophalangeal joints from 59 mature warmblood horses. Procedure - Biochemical data (cross-link, amino...article 2005
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van der Harst, M.R. (author), Brama, P.A.J. (author), van de Lest, C.H.A. (author), Kiers, G.H. (author), de Groot, J. (author), van Weeren, P.R. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Objective: In articular joints, the forces generated by locomotion are absorbed by the whole of cartilage, subchondral bone and underlying trabecular bone. The objective of this study is to test the hypothesis that regional differences in joint loading are related to clear and interrelated differences in the composition of the extracellular...article 2004
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Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author), Hoede, D. (author), van der Sloot, H.A. (author), Rietra, R.P.J.J. (author), Dijkstra, J.J. (author)Upon the request of the Israeli National Coal Board the Cr speciation in Israeli coal fly ashes was evaluted. Six fly ashes - fresh ash, fly ash used in road application and fly ash collected from an embankment were tested. For this purpose, the ash leaching behaviour has been characterized as a function of the pH in a so-called pH dependence...report 2001
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Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author), van der Sloot, H.A. (author), Cnubben, P.A.J.P. (author)-report 2000
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Fierro, V. (author), Miranda, J.L. (author), Romero, C. (author), Andrés, J.M. (author), Arriaga, A. (author), Schmal, D. (author), Visser, G.H. (author), TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author)The spontaneous ignition of coal stockpiles is a serious economic and safety problem. This paper deals with oxidation and spontaneous combustion of coal piles laid in coal storage yard and the measures to avoid the heat losses produced. Investigations on self heating were carried out with five test piles (2000-3000 tons) built at the ENDESA...article 1999
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Dormans, J.A.M.A. (author), Steerenberg, P.A. (author), Arts, J.H.E. (author), van Bree, L. (author), de Klerk, A. (author), Verlaan, A.P.J. (author), Bruijntjes, J.P. (author), Beekhof, P. (author), van Soolingen, D. (author), van Loveren, H. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)In this study the effects of inhalatory exposure to coal fly ash on lung pathology and the immune system in rats were examined. Rats were exposed to 0, 10, 30, or 100 mg/m3 coal fly ash (6 h/day, 5 days/wk) for 4 wk, or to 0 and 100 mg/m3 for 1 wk, and for 1 wk followed by a recovery in clean air of 3 wk. A concentration-related increase in lung...article 1999
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TNO Bouw (author), Heijnen, W.M.M. (author), Larbi, J.A. (author)In CUR-Recommendation 38, various vital measures that need to be taken during design of new concrete-mixtures in order to prevent damage due to ASR in the concrete have been outlined. The most important of these measures are: - the use of blast furnace slag cement (with a high slag content: ≥50% by mass of cement as slag); - or the use of...article 1999
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Walraven, N. (author), van Os, B.J.H. (author), Klaver, G.Th. (author), Baker, J.H. (author), Vriend, S.P. (author), Rijks Geologische Dienst (author)Graft-De Rijp is a former village of whalers, situated twenty-five kilometres north of Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Since the foundation of De Rijp in 1612 a mixture of sludge, manure and town refuse (containing Pb-based household artefacts and Pb-based building materials) was used to raise and fertilise the land. Gasworks, coal storehouses,...article 1997
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