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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author), O'Neill, M.E. (author), Carroll, Y. (author), Corridan, B. (author), Olmedilla, B. (author), Granado, F. (author), Blanco, I. (author), van den Berg, H. (author), Hininger, I. (author), Rousell, A.M. (author), Chopra, M. (author), Southon, S. (author), Thurnham, D.I. (author)A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and carotenoid database with information on alpha- and beta-carotene, lutein, lycopene and beta-cryptoxanthin was prepared and used to compare the carotenoid intakes in five European countries: UK, Republic of Ireland, Spain, France and The Netherlands. Eighty, age- (25-45 years) and sex-matched volunteers...article 2001
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author), Verhagen, H. (author), Hageman, G.J. (author), Rauma, A.L. (author), de Versluis-Haan, G. (author), van Herwijnen, M.H.M. (author), de Groot, J. (author), Törrönen, R. (author), Mykkänen, H. (author)Allium vegetables (onions, leeks, chives) and in particular garlic have been claimed to have health-promoting potential. This study was conducted to get insight into the perspectives for monitoring the intake of garlic by a biomarker approach. Chemically, the bimarker results from exposure to gamma-glutamyl-S-allyl-L-cysteine, which is first...article 2001
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author), Crews, H. (author), Alink, G. (author), Andersen, R. (author), Braesco, V. (author), Holst, B. (author), Maiani, G. (author), Ovesen, L. (author), Scotter, M. (author), Solfrizzo, M. (author), van den Berg, R. (author), Verhagen, H. (author), Williamson, G. (author)In this review many examples are given of the complexities involved in using some biomarkers in relation to assessing the effects of dietary exposure, when there is frequently a need to determine changes following long-term low level exposure to dietary components. These range from understanding why the biomarker might be valuable and how best...article 2001
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Severs, A.H. (author), Bouterse-van Haaren, M.R.T. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)A high dietary intake of antioxidants ascorbic acid, tocopherol and beta-carotene and 1 or 2 servings of fish per week is associated with a lower risk of coronary heart diseases, but the 'evidence' for a preventive effect still has not been produced. A raised homocysteine level can be lowered with folate, possibly in combination with pyridoxine...article 2000
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Voorrips, L.E. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), Brants, H.A.M. (author), van Poppel, G.A.F.C. (author), Sturmans, F. (author), Hermus, R.J.J. (author), van den Brandt, P.A. (author)Many studies have reported inverse associations between vegetable and fruit consumption and lung cancer risk. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the role of several antioxidants and folate in this relationship. In the Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer, 58,279 men of ages 55-69 years at baseline in 1986 returned a...article 2000
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Botterweck, A.A.M. (author), Verhagen, H. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), Kleinjans, J. (author), van den Brandt, P.A. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Both carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic properties have been reported for the synthetic antioxidants butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The association between dietary intake of BHA and BHT and stomach cancer risk was investigated in the Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS) that started in 1986 among 120,852 men and...article 2000
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van den Berg, R. (author), Haenen, G.R.M.M. (author), van den Berg, H. (author), van der Vijgh, W. (author), Bast, A. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The antioxidant capacity of a series of structurally related flavonoids is quantified by the amount of ABTS [2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate)] radical anions (ABTS(.)-) that is able to react with the flavonoid and expressed as the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC). To evaluate the predictive value of the TEAC, the...article 2000
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Anderson, D. (author), Phillips, B.J. (author), Yu, T-W. (author), Edwards, A.J. (author), Ayesh, R. (author), Butterworth, K.R. (author)Twenty-four men and 24 women, all nonsmoking, and maintaining normal dietary habits were assigned to 3 groups of 16. Each group comprising 4 males with "low" cholesterol levels (<6 mmol/L) matched for age and build with 4 males with "high" cholesterol levels (>6 mmol/L) and 8 similarly matched females. A three-treatment, three-treatment period,...article 2000
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van den Berg, R. (author), Haenen, G.R.M.M. (author), van den Berg, H. (author), Bast, A. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author)The TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) assay is based on scavenging of 2,2'-azinobis-(3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) radical anions (ABTS(.-)). In this report we describe a modification based on pre-generation of the ABTS radical anions with a thermolabile azo compound, 2,2'-azobis- (2-amidinopropane)HCl (ABAP). This...article 1999
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Vermeiren, L. (author), Devlieghere, F. (author), van Beest, M. (author), de Kruijf, N. (author), Debevere, J. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Active packaging is one of the innovative food packaging concepts that has been introduced as a response to the continuous changes in current consumer demands and market trends. Major active packaging techniques are concerned with substances that absorb oxygen, ethylene, moisture, carbon dioxide, flavours/odours and those which release carbon...article 1999
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Cashman, J.R. (author), Xiong, Y. (author), Lin, J. (author), Verhagen, H. (author), van Poppel, G. (author), van Bladeren, P.J. (author), Larsen-Su, S. (author), Williams, D.E. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The effect of consumption of glucosinolate-containing Brussels sprouts on flavin-containing monooxygenase functional activity in humans was investigated in 10 healthy, male, non-smoking volunteers. After a 3-week run-in period, 5 volunteers continued on a glucosinolate-free diet for 3 weeks (control group), and 5 others consumed 300 g of cooked...article 1999
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Hendriks, H.F.J. (author), Weststrate, J.A. (author), van Vliet, T. (author), Meijer, G.W. (author)Objective: To investigate the dose-response relationship between cholesterol lowering and three different, relatively low intake levels of plant sterols (0.83, 1.61, 3.24 g/d) from spreads. To investigate the effects on lipid-soluble (pro)vitamins. Design: A randomized double-blind placebo controlled balanced incomplete Latin square design using...article 1999
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Woutersen, R.A. (author), Wolterbeek, A.P.M. (author), Appel, M.J. (author), van den Berg, H. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), Feron, V.J. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The safety of β-carotene was reassessed by evaluating the relevant literature on the beneficial and adverse effects of β-carotene on cancer and, in particular, by evaluating the results of toxicity studies. β- Carotene appeared neither genotoxic nor reprotoxic or teratogenic, and no signs of organ toxicity have been found in subacute, subchronic...article 1999
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Woutersen, R.A. (author), Appel, M.J. (author), Garderen van -Hoetmer, A. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Previously performed short-term (4-month) studies demonstrated that vitamins C and E, β-carotene and selenium modulate growth of early putative preneoplastic acinar lesions induced in rat pancreas by azaserine. The present paper summarizes the results of long-term studies performed with azaserine-treated rats maintained on diets high in either β...article 1999
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van de Vijver, L.P.L. (author), Weber, C. (author), Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author), Grobbee, D.E. (author), Princen, H.M.G. (author), van Poppel, G. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author)Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an important mitochondrial electron transfer component and has been postulated to function as a powerful antioxidant protecting LDL from oxidative damage. It could thus reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Thus far, beneficial effects of supplementation with CoQ10 have been reported. To study the relation between...article 1999
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Sanz-Gallardo, M.I. (author), Guallar, E. (author), van 't Veer, P. (author), Longnecker, M.P. (author), Strain, J.J. (author), Martin, B.C. (author), Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author), Fernández-Crehuet, J. (author), Thamm, M. (author), Kohlmeier, L. (author), Kok, F.J. (author), Martín-Moreno, J.M. (author)To identify the determinants of p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (p,p'-DDE) in adipose tissue in subjects who participated in a cross- sectional study, we analyzed fatty acids, antioxidants, and p,p'-DDE in aspirates of adipose tissue of 328 postmenopausal women from 5 European countries. The overall mean of p,p'-DDE concentration was 1.66 μg...article 1999
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Oostenbrug, G.S. (author), Mensink, R.P. (author), van Houwelingen, A.C. (author), Al, M.D.M. (author), Hornstra, G. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Objective: Our purpose was to investigate whether plasma lipid-soluble antioxidant levels during the third trimester of pregnancy and immediately after birth are altered in women with pregnancy-induced hypertension. Design: Nested case-control study of women with pregnancy-induced hypertension. Subjects: A group of 23 women with (mild) pregnancy...article 1998
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Pérez-Lamela, C. (author), Rijk, R. (author), Simal-Gándara, J. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)To establish the stability of Ultranox 626 (an antioxidant added to plastics) in food simulants under migration conditions, migrations tests have been performed. A method has been developed for the determination of Ultranox 626 in the aqueous food simulants distilled water, 3% (w/v) acetic acid, and 15% (v/v) ethanol and in the fatty food...article 1998
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Weststrate, J.A. (author), van het Hof, K.H. (author), van den Berg, H. (author), te Velthuis-te-Wierik, E.J.M. (author), de Graaf, C. (author), Zimmermanns, N.J.H. (author), Westerterp, K.R. (author), Westerterp-Plantenga, M.S. (author), van de Verboeket-Venne, W.P.H.G. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Objectives: To compare the effects of free access to reduced fat products or their full fat equivalents on fat and energy intake, body weight, plasma lipids and fat-soluble antioxidants concentrations and haemostasis variables. Design: A multicentre open randomised controlled trial in which intervention and control groups were followed in...article 1998
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Bast, A. (author), Haenen, G.R.M.M. (author), van den Berg, R. (author), van den Berg, H. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Surprisingly, neither the precise pharmacological effect nor the toxicological profile is usually established for food components. Carotenoids are no exception in this regard. Only limited insight into the pharmacology and toxicology of carotenoids exists. It is known that the antioxidant action of carotenoids is determined by 1. electron...article 1998