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Gaubius Instituut TNO (author), Sakharov, D.V. (author), Jie, A.F.H. (author), Filippov, D.V. (author), Bekkers, M.E.A. (author), van Boom, J.H. (author), Rijken, D.C. (author)Extracellular matrix (ECM) of tissues, vascular tissue in particular, contains a high concentration of negatively charged glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which are involved in the regulation of cell motility, cell proliferation and the regulation of enzyme activities. Previously, we have shown that the vascular ECM is capable of binding an extremely...article 2003
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O'Connor, D.H. (author), Mothe, B.R. (author), Weinfurter, J.T. (author), Fuenger, S. (author), Rehrauer, W.M. (author), Jing, P. (author), Rudersdorf, R.R. (author), Liebl, M.E. (author), Krebs, K. (author), Vasquez, J. (author), Dodds, E. (author), Loffredo, J. (author), Martin, S. (author), McDermott, A.B. (author), Allen, T.M. (author), Wang, C. (author), Doxiadis, G.G. (author), Montefiori, D.C. (author), Hughes, A. (author), Burton, D.R. (author), Allison, D.B. (author), Wolinsky, S.M. (author), Bontrop, R. (author), Picker, L.J. (author), Watkins, D.I. (author)Certain major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) alleles are associated with delayed disease progression in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and in macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). However, little is known about the influence of these MHC alleles on acute-phase cellular immune...article 2003
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TNO Voeding (author), Pouvreau, L. (author), Gruppen, H. (author), van Koningsveld, G.A. (author), van den Broek, L.A.M. (author), Voragen, A.G.J. (author)The gene of the most abundant protease inhibitor in potato cv. Elkana was isolated and sequenced. The deduced amino acid sequence of this gene showed 98% identity with potato serine protease inhibitor (PSPI), a member of the Kunitz family. Therefore, the most abundant protease inhibitor was considered to be one of the isoforms of PSPI. The PSPI...article 2003
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TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author), Starckx, S. (author), van den Steen, P.E. (author), Verbeek, R. (author), van Noort, J.M. (author), Opdenakker, G. (author)The small heat shock protein αB-crystallin is considered as a candidate autoantigen in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. Gelatinase B or matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 is a proteinase establishing various disease-promoting feedback loops in autoimmune diseases. Human αB-crystallin was digested with natural gelatinase B and all cleavage sites...article 2003
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van Baar, B.L.M. (author), Hulst, A.G. (author), de Jong, A.L. (author), Wils, E.R.J. (author), Prins Maurits Laboratorium TNO (author)A method earlier developed for the mass spectrometric (MS) identification of tetanus toxin (TTx) was applied to botulinum toxins type A and B (BTxA and BTxB). Botulinum toxins are extremely neurotoxic bacterial toxins, likely to be used as biological warfare agent. Biologically active BTxA and BTxB are comprised of a protein complex of the...article 2002
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Record, E. (author), Punt, P.J. (author), Chamkha, M. (author), Labat, M. (author), van den Hondel, C.A.M.J.J. (author), Asther, M. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Pycnoporus cinnabarinus laccase lac1 gene was overexpressed in Aspergillus niger, a well-known fungal host producing a large amount of homologous or heterologous enzymes for industrial applications. The corresponding cDNA was placed under the control of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase promoter as a strong and constitutive promoter....article 2002
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Smit, E. (author), Jager, D. (author), Martinez, B. (author), Tielen, F.J. (author), Pouwels, P.H. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The structure of the crystallisation domain, SAN, of the S A-protein of Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 was analysed by insertion and deletion mutagenesis, and by proteolytic treatment. Mutant S A-protein synthesised in Escherichia coli with 7-13 amino acid insertions near the N terminus or within regions of sequence variation in SAN (amino...article 2002
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van der Maarel, M.J.E.C. (author), van der Veen, B. (author), Uitdehaag, J.C.M. (author), Leemhuis, H. (author), Dijkhuizen, L. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Starch is a major storage product of many economically important crops such as wheat, rice, maize, tapioca, and potato. A large-scale starch processing industry has emerged in the last century. In the past decades, we have seen a shift from the acid hydrolysis of starch to the use of starch-converting enzymes in the production of maltodextrin,...article 2002
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Conesa, A. (author), Punt, P.J. (author), Hondel, C.A.M.J.J. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Peroxidases are oxidoreductases that utilize hydrogen peroxide to catalyze oxidative reactions. A large number of peroxidases have been identified in fungal species and are being characterized at the molecular level. In this manuscript we review the current knowledge on the molecular aspects of this type of enzymes. We present an overview of the...article 2002
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van Baar, B.L.M. (author), Hulst, A.G. (author), Roberts, B. (author), Wils, E.R.J. (author), Prins Maurits Laboratorium TNO (author)A method was developed for the liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric (LC-MS) identification of extremely neurotoxic toxins. The method combines sample treatment in a safety containment and analysis of detoxified material in a common laboratory facility. The method was applied to the characterization of neat tetanus toxin and subsequent...article 2002
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author), Korthout, H.A.A.J (author), Caspers, M.P.M (author), Kottenhagen, M.J. (author), Helmer, Q. (author), Wang, M. (author)Over the past few years the presence of p53-like proteins in plants was frequently reported, by using the monoclonal antibody Pab240. By means of protein purification and screening a cDNA library, a Pab240 cross-reacting protein and a cDNA clone were isolated from barley. Peptide- and DNA-sequence analysis identified one and the same protein: 2...article 2002
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TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author), Posthuma, C.C. (author), Bader, R. (author), Engelmann, R. (author), Postma, P.W. (author), Hengstenberg, W. (author), Pouwels, P.H. (author)Purification of xylulose 5-phosphate phosphoketolase (XpkA), the central enzyme of the phosphoketolase pathway (PKP) in lactic acid bacteria, and cloning and sequence analysis of the encoding gene, xpkA, from Lactobacillus pentosus MD363 are described, xpkA encodes a 788-amino-acid protein with a calculated mass of 88,705 Da. Expression of xpkA...article 2002
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Smit, E. (author), Oling, F. (author), Demel, R. (author), Martinez, B. (author), Pouwels, P.H. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Lactobacillus acidophilus, like many other bacteria, harbors a surface layer consisting of a protein (SA-protein) of 43 kDa. SA-protein could be readily extracted and crystallized in vitro into large crystalline patches on lipid monolayers with a net negative charge but not on lipids with a net neutral charge. Reconstruction of the S-layer from...article 2001
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Peschel, A. (author), Jack, R.W. (author), Otto, M. (author), Collins, L.V. (author), Staubitz, P. (author), Nicholson, G. (author), Kalbacher, H. (author), Nieuwenhuizen, W.F. (author), Jung, G. (author), Tarkowski, A. (author), van Kessel, K.P.M. (author), van Strijp, J.A.G. (author)Defensins, antimicrobial peptides of the innate immune system, protect human mucosal epithelia and skin against microbial infections and are produced in large amounts by neutrophils. The bacterial pathogen Staphylococcus aureus is insensitive to defensins by virtue of an unknown resistance mechanism. We describe a novel staphylococcal gene, mprF...article 2001
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Punt, P.J. (author), Seiboth, B. (author), Weenink, X.O. (author), van Zeijl, C. (author), Lenders, M. (author), Konetschny, C. (author), Ram, A.F.J. (author), Montijn, R. (author), Kubicek, C.P. (author), van den Hondel, C.A.M.J.J. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)DNA fragments containing genetic information for five secretion-related small GTPases of Aspergillus niger (srgA-E) were isolated and identified as members of different Rab/Ypt subfamilies. This isolation and the search for similar sequences in fungal genomic and EST databases showed that, in contrast to Saccharomyces cerevisiae, filamentous...article 2001
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Hijum, S.A.F.T. (author), Bonting, K. (author), van der Maarel, M.J.E.V. (author), Dijkhuizen, L. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Fructosyltransferase (FTF) enzymes have been characterized from various Gram-positive bacteria, but not from Lactobacillus sp. In a screening of 182 lactobacilli for polysaccharide production only one strain, Lactobacillus reuteri strain 121, was found to produce a fructan being a levan. Here we report the first-time identification and...article 2001
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Caspers, M.P.M. (author), Lok, F. (author), Sinjorgo, K.M.C. (author), van Zeijl, M. (author), Nielsen, K.A. (author), Cameron-Mills, V. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)We have identified the major endo-β-l,4-xylanase (XYN-1) in the aleurone of germinating barley grain, and show that it is expressed as a precursor of Mr 61 500 with both N- and C-terminal propeptides. XYN-1 is synthesized as an inactive enzyme in the cytoplasm, and only becomes active at a late stage of germination when the aleurone ceases to...article 2001
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author), van der Vlugt-Bergmans, C.J.B. (author), van der Werf, M.J. (author)A monoterpene ε-lactone hydrolase (MLH) from Rhodococcus erythropolis DCL14, catalyzing the ring opening of lactones which are formed during degradation of several monocyclic monoterpenes, including carvone and menthol, was purified to apparent homogeneity. It is a monomeric enzyme of 31 kDa that is active with (4R)-4-isopropenyl-7-methyl-2-oxo...article 2001
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author), Conesa, A. (author), Weelink, G. (author), van den Hondel, C.A.M.J.J. (author), Punt, P.J. (author)The Caldariomyces fumago chloroperoxidase (CPO) is synthesised as a 372-aa precursor which undergoes two proteolytic processing events: removal of a 21-aa N-terminal signal peptide and of a 52-aa C-terminal propeptide. The Aspergillus niger expression system developed for CPO was used to get insight into the function of this C-terminal...article 2001
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Noort, D. (author), Hulst, A.G. (author), Fidder, A. (author), van Gurp, R.A. (author), de Jong, L.P.A. (author), Benschop, H.P. (author), Prins Maurits Laboratorium TNO (author)The development of procedures for retrospective detection and quantitation of exposure to phosgene, based on adducts to hemoglobin and albumin, is described. Upon incubation of human blood with [14C]phosgene (0-750 μM), a significant part of radioactivity (0-13%) became associated with globin and albumin. Upon Pronase digestion of globin, one of...article 2000