Excellent Passivation of n-Type Silicon Surfaces Enabled by Pulsed-Flow Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of Phosphorus Oxide Capped by Aluminum Oxide

An experimental and numerical investigation of sphere impact on alumina ceramic

In this study, the impact of a steel spherical projectile on an alumina ceramic is considered. New experimental and numerical results are presented and analysed. Numerical results are obtained using the Finite Element Method and the upgraded viscosity regularized Johnson-Holmquist-2 constitutive model to describe the ceramic material behaviour....

Simulating brittle and ductile response of alumina ceramics under dynamic loading

Alumina ceramic is often used in armour systems. This material is known to have a brittle response under tensile loading, while a ductile response is found when sufficiently high pressures are reached. During projectile impact a ceramic material experiences both tensile loading and high pressures, hence fails in both a brittle and ductile way....

Isotropic Atomic Layer Etching of ZnO Using Acetylacetone and O2 Plasma

Atomic layer etching (ALE) provides Ångström-level control over material removal and holds potential for addressing the challenges in nanomanufacturing faced by conventional etching techniques. Recent research has led to the development of two main classes of ALE: ion-driven plasma processes yielding anisotropic (or directional) etch profiles...

UWAVS first mirror plasma cleaning technology using 30–60 MHz RF discharges

In ITER, first mirrors for the Upper Wide Angle Viewing System (UWAVS) are expected to experience contamination with beryllium and tungsten. Contamination levels of 10 nm can degrade mirror performance. In the UWAVS, a first mirror cleaning system will use radio-frequency (RF) gas discharge. A mockup in representative geometry was developed. The...

The role of inertia in armor ceramics

Research on armor ceramics created only limited success in its search for relations between mechanical properties and the ballistic efficiency of this class of materials. Also TNO performed research on this subject using a range of experimental test set-ups (mainly using small and mid-caliber rounds) and diagnostic tools on a range of ceramic...

The kinetics of low-temperature spatial atomic layer deposition of aluminum oxide

Spatial atomic layer deposition can be used as a high-throughput manufacturing technique in functional thin film deposition for applications such as flexible electronics. This, however, requires low-temperature deposition processes. We have investigated the kinetics of low-temperature (< 100 C) spatial atomic layer deposition of alumina from tri...

Spatial atmospheric atomic layer deposition of alxzn1-xo

The possibility of growing multicomponent oxides by spatial atmospheric atomic layer deposition has been investigated. To this end, Al xZn1-xO films have been deposited using diethyl zinc (DEZ), trimethyl aluminum (TMA), and water as Zn, Al, and O precursors, respectively. When the metal precursors (i.e., TMA and DEZ) are coinjected in the...

Comparison of nitric oxide binding to different pure and mixed protoporphyrin IX monolayers

The nitric oxide (NO) binding properties of monolayers of four different protoporphyrins IX adsorbed on aluminum oxide surfaces have been investigated. XPS and AFM results are consistent with the presence of a monolayer of porphyrins, bound to the surface by their carboxylic acid groups and with the porphine ring oriented more or less...

High-speed spatial atomic-layer deposition of aluminum oxide layers for solar cell passivation

In this Communication we show that with spatially separated ALD of Al2O3 growth rates of 1.2 nm s-1 can be achievd, showing excellent surface passivation (surface recombination velocities of <2 cm s-1). This implies a revolutionary breakthrough in industrial throughput ALD of Al2O3 passivation of silicon solar cells.

Very low surface recombination velocities on p- and n-type c-Si by ultrafast spatial atomic layer deposition of aluminum oxide

Using aluminum oxide (_Al2 O₃) films deposited by high-rate spatial atomic layer deposition (ALD), we achieve very low surface recombination velocities of 6.5 cm/s on p -type and 8.1 cm/s on n -type crystalline silicon wafers. Using spatially separated reaction zones instead of the conventional time-sequenced precursor...

Influence of synthetic packing materials on the gas dispersion and biodegradation kinetics in fungal air biofilters

The biodegradation of toluene was studied in two lab-scale air biofilters operated in parallel, packed respectively with perlite granules (PEG) and polyurethane foam cubes (PUC) and inoculated with the same toluene-degrading fungus. Differences on the material pore size, from micrometres in PEG to millimetres in PUC, were responsible for...

Size selective dustiness and exposure; simulated workplace comparisons

A simulated workplace study was conducted to investigate the relation between inhalation exposure and dustiness determined with a rotating drum dustiness tester. Three powders were used in the study, i.e. magnesium stearate, representing a very dusty powder, and aluminium oxide and calcium carbonate, representing low and very low dusty powders,...

Subcritical crack growth behavior of AI2O3-Glass dental composites

The purpose of this study is to investigate the subcritical crack growth (SCG) behavior of alumina-glass dental composites. Alumina-glass composites were fabricated by infiltrating molten glass to porous alumina preforms. Rectangular bars of the composite were subject to dynamic loading in air, with stressing rates ranging from 0.01 MPa/s to 2...

Development of an example flow test object and comparison of five of these test objects, constructed in various laboratories

Doppler test objects are used to characterise Doppler systems, both stand-alone systems and the Doppler part of so-called duplex scanners. The aim of the project partially presented here is the development and validation of an example of a Doppler test object fulfilling the requirements of the IEC 1685. The project has been carried out by nine...

Protection against toxic compounds: chemical and technological aspects