Mechanistic Similarities between 3D Human Bronchial Epithelium and Mice Lung, Exposed to Copper Oxide Nanoparticles, Support Non-Animal Methods for Hazard Assessment

The diversity and increasing prevalence of products derived from engineered nanomaterials (ENM), warrants implementation of non-animal approaches to health hazard assessment for ethical and practical reasons. Although non-animal approaches are becoming increasingly popular, there are almost no studies of side-by-side comparisons with traditional...

Molecular signature of asthma-enhanced sensitivity to cuo nanoparticle aerosols from 3d cell modell

More than 5% of any population suffers from asthma, and there are indications that these individuals are more sensitive to nanoparticle aerosols than the healthy population. We used an air–liquid interface model of inhalation exposure to investigate global transcriptomic responses in reconstituted three-dimensional airway epithelia of healthy...

Human lung epithelial cell cultures for analysis of inhaled toxicants: Lessons learned and future directions

The epithelium that covers the conducting airways and alveoli is a primary target for inhaled toxic substances, and therefore a focus in inhalation toxicology. The increasing concern about the use of animal models has stimulated the development of in vitro cell culture models for analysis of the biological effects of inhaled toxicants. However,...

Factors of concern in a human 3D cellular airway model to aerosols of nanoparticles

Mucilair 3D bronchial airway models, cultured at an air-liquid interface, were exposed to aerosols of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles in Vitrocell air exposure modules. Four cell donors, four exposure modules and four exposure concentrations were varied within four different exposure sessions using a statistical experimental design called a...

Cellular effects in an in vitro human 3D cellular airway model and A549/BEAS-2B in vitro cell cuultures following air exposure to cerium oxide particles at an air-liquid interface

There is a need for representative in vitro models to assess the effects of airborne particles on lung health. The ob-jective of this study was to assess the cellular effects of cerium oxide (Ce02) particles exposed via an air—liquid interface in three relevant cell models in parallel. BEAS-2B, A549, and MucilAirTM cells were exposed for 1 hour...

Proof of concept novel low toxicity obscurant (SERDP WP2405)

A significant health and possibly environmental problem is associated with military smokes and obscurants. Besides the fact that these obscuration munitions pose a significant toxicity hazard to the user, the environmental impact of these munitions can also be significant (e.g. due to the use of hexachlorethane). The objective of the SERDP...

Cellular response of mucociliary differentiated primary bronchial epithelial cells to diesel exhaust

Cellular response of mucociliary differentiated primary bronchial epithelial cells to diesel exhaust. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 311: L111–L123, 2016. First published May 17, 2016; doi:10.1152/ajplung.00064.2016.—Diesel emissions are the main source of air pollution in urban areas, and diesel exposure is linked with substantial adverse...