Differences between plasma and adipose tissue biomarkers of carotenoids and tocopherols

Biomarkers of dietary exposure or nutritional status are sought actively to overcome limitations of traditional dietary methodology. We compared plasma and adipose tissue biomarkers for carotenoids and tocopherols. The data consisted of samples from 91 men and 122 women, ages 45-70 years, from the control group of the European Community...

Adipose tissue omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid content and breast cancer in the euramic study

The fatty acid content of adipose tissue in postmenopausal breast cancer cases and controls from five European countries in the European Community Multicenter Study on Antioxidants, Myocardial Infarction, and Cancer (EURAMIC) breast cancer study (1991-1992) was used to explore the hypothesis that fatty acids of the omega-3 family inhibit breast...

Visceral fat accumulation is an important determinant of PAI-1 levels in young, nonobese men and women: Modulation by cross-sex hormone administration

Increased plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) levels, leading to impaired fibrinolysis, are associated with increased visceral fat in middle-aged and obese subjects. It is unknown, however, whether this association is independent of other disturbances clustered in the insulin resistance syndrome. We analyzed this association in young,...

Interactions between lifestyle-related factors and the ApoE polymorphism on plasma lipids and apolipoproteins: The ears study

To elucidate how the apolipoprotein (apo)E polymorphism and modifiable factors interact in explaining plasma lipid and apolipoprotein levels, we studied 1448 young adults (18 to 26 years old), participating in the European Atherosclerosis Research Study (EARS). Venous blood was collected after an overnight fast. Modifiable factors, eg, body mass...

DDT (dicophane) and postmenopausal breast cancer in Europe: Case-control study

Objective: To examine any possible links between exposure to DDE (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)ethylene), the persistent metabolite of the pesticide dicophane DDT), and breast cancer. Design: Multicentre study of exposure to DDE by measurement of adipose tissue aspirated from the buttocks. Laboratory measurements were conducted in a...

Determination of average glandular dose with modern mammography units for two large groups of patients

Until recently, for mammography Mo anode-Mo filter x-ray tube assemblies were almost exclusively used. Modern mammography units provide the possibility to employ a variety of anode-filter combinations with the aim of adapting the x-ray spectrum to compressed breast thickness and composition. The present contribution provides information on the...

Predictors of adipose tissue tocopherol and toenail selenium levels in nine countries: The EURAMIC study

Objective: To evaluate the levels of adipose tissue alpha-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol, and toenail selenium and their determinants. Design: Control subjects from multicentre case-control study on antioxidants, myocardial infarction and cancer of the breast. Subjects and setting: 686 male and 339 female middle-aged and elderly subjects from...

Tissue antioxidants and postmenopausal breast cancer: The European Community Multicentre Study on Antioxidants, Myocardial Infarction and Cancer of the Breast (EURAMIC)

Antioxidants may protect against free radical mediated carcinogenesis. Epidemiological studies have not confirmed this hypothesis for breast cancer, possibly because of methodological limitations. Time-integrated exposure of α-tocopherol and β-carotene in adipose tissue, and selenium in toenails was investigated in a case-control study among...

Predictors of adipose tissue carotenoid and retinol levels in nine countries: The EURAMIC study

The adipose tissue carotenoid (alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, and lycopene) and retinol levels and their predictors were determined in 686 male and 339 female middle-aged and elderly subjects from eight European countries and Israel during the years 1991 to 1992. Adipose tissue carotenoid levels in men were 50-76% of those in women, whereas the...

Association between beta-carotene and acute myocardial infarction depends on polyunsaturated fatty acid status: The EURAMIC study

Because antioxidants may play a role in the prevention of coronary heart disease by inhibiting the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), the combined association of diet-derived antioxidants and PUFAs with acute myocardial infarction (MI) was investigated. This multicenter case- control study included 674 patients and 725 control...

Relations between antioxidant vitamins in adipose tissue, plasma, and diet

For an evaluation of fat-soluble vitamin concentrations in adipose tissue as biomarkers of intake, estimates of usual intake of β-carotene, total vitamin A, and vitamin E (assessed by food frequency questionnaire) were compared with plasma and adipose tissue concentrations of β-carotene, retinol, and α-tocopherol, respectively. Data were...

Characterization and fibrinolytic properties of human omental tissue mesothelial cells. Comparison with endothelial cells

It has been reported that omental fat tissue is a good source of human microvascular endothelial cells. By characterization we demonstrate that the epithelioid cells isolated from omental tissue are not endothelial cells, but mesothelial cells. They contain abundant cytokeratins 8 and 18, which are absent in endothelial cells, and vimentin. No...