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TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Grefhorst, A. (author), van Dijk, T.H. (author), Hammer, A. (author), van der Sluijs, F.H. (author), Havinga, R. (author), Havekes, L.M. (author), Romijn, J.A. (author), Groot, P.H. (author), Reijngoud, D.J. (author), Kuipers, F. (author)Liver X receptor (LXR) agonists have been proposed to act as anti-diabetic drugs. However, pharmacological LXR activation leads to severe hepatic steatosis, a condition usually associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. To address this apparent contradiction, lean and ob/ob mice were treated with the LXR agonist GW-3965 for...article 2005
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TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author), Gerritsen, G. (author), Rensen, P.C.N. (author), Kypreos, K.E. (author), Zannis, V.I. (author), Havekes, L.M. (author), van Dijk, K.W. (author)Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of human apolipoprotein E (apoE) induces hyperlipidemia by stimulating the VLDL-triglyceride (TG) production rate and inhibiting the LPL-mediated VLDL-TG hydrolysis rate. Because apoC-III is a strong inhibitor of TG hydrolysis, we questioned whether Apoc3 deficiency might prevent the hyperlipidemia induced by...article 2005
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Sierksma, A. (author), Patel, H. (author), Ouchi, N. (author), Kihara, S. (author), Funahashi, T. (author), Heine, R.J. (author), Grobbee, D.E. (author), Kluft, C. (author), Hendriks, H.F.J. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)OBJECTIVE - Epidemiological studies suggest that moderate alcohol consumers have enhanced insulin sensitivity and a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. Adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived plasma protein, has been found to be negatively associated with adiposity and positively associated with insulin sensitivity. Moderate alcohol consumption may...article 2004
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den Boer, M. (author), Voshol, P.J. (author), Kuipers, F. (author), Havekes, L.M. (author), Romijn, J.A. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Epidemiological studies in humans, as well as experimental studies in animal models, have shown an association between visceral obesity and dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recently, attention has been focused on the excessive accumulation of triglycerides (TG) in the liver as part of this syndrome. In this review,...article 2004
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Ferreira, I. (author), Snijder, M.B. (author), Twisk, J.W.R. (author), van Mechelen, W. (author), Kemper, H.C.G. (author), Seidell, J.C. (author), Stehouwer, C.D.A. (author), TNO Arbeid (author)Central and peripheral fatness seem to confer opposite (i.e. adverse vs. protective) effects on cardiovascular risk, but how this occurs is not clear. In addition, the role of peripheral lean mass needs to be elucidated. We therefore investigated, in 336 (175 women) 36-yr-old and apparently healthy adults, the relationship between trunk fat,...article 2004
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Gaubius Instituut TNO (author), Muurling, M. (author), van den Hoek, A.M. (author), Mensink, R.P. (author), Pijl, H. (author), Romijn, J.A. (author), Havekes, L.M. (author), Voshol, P.J. (author)Obese obob mice with strong overexpression of the human apolipoprotein C1 (APOC1) exhibit excessive free fatty acid (FFA) and triglyceride (TG) levels and severely reduced body weight (due to the absence of subcutaneous adipose tissue) and skin abnormalities. To evaluate the effects of APOC1 overexpression on hepatic and peripheral insulin...article 2004
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TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author), Mandard, S. (author), Zandbergen, F. (author), Nguan, S.T. (author), Escher, P. (author), Patsouris, D. (author), Koenig, W. (author), Kleemann, R. (author), Bakker, A. (author), Veenman, F. (author), Wahli, W. (author), Müller, M. (author), Kersten, S. (author)The fasting-induced adipose factor (FIAF, ANGPTL4, PGAR, HFARP) was previously identified as a novel adipocytokine that was up-regulated by fasting, by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists, and by hypoxia. To further characterize FIAF, we studied regulation of FIAF mRNA and protein in liver and adipose cell lines as well as in...article 2004
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TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author), Schaap, F.G. (author), Rensen, P.C.N. (author), Voshol, P.J. (author), Vrins, C. (author), van der Vliet, H.N. (author), Chamuleau, R.A.F.M. (author), Havekes, L.M. (author), Groen, A.K. (author), van Dijk, K.W. (author)ApoAV has been discovered recently as a novel modifier of triglyceride (TG) metabolism, but the pathways involved are currently unknown. To gain insight into the function of apoAV, adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of murine apoa5 to C57Bl/6 mice was employed. The injection of low doses of Ad-apoa5 (1-5 x 108 plaque-forming units/mouse) dose...article 2004
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Gaubius Instituut TNO (author), Goudriaan, J.R. (author), Espirito Santo, S.M.S. (author), Voshol, P.J. (author), Teusink, B. (author), van Dijk, K.W. (author), van Vlijmen, B.J.M. (author), Romijn, J.A. (author), Havekes, L.M. (author), Rensen, P.C.N. (author)The VLDL receptor (VLDLr) is involved in tissue delivery of VLDL-triglyceride (TG)-derived FFA by facilitating the expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL). However, vldlr-/- mice do not show altered plasma lipoprotein levels, despite reduced LPL expression. Because LPL activity is crucial in postprandial lipid metabolism, we investigated whether...article 2004
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van Marken Lichtenbelt, W. (author), Daanen, H.A.M. (author)Purpose of review Cold response can be insulative (drop in peripheral temperature) or metabolic (increase in energy expenditure). Nonshivering thermogenesis by sympathetic, norepinephrine-induced mitochondrial heat production in brown adipose tissue is a well known component of this metabolic response in infants and several animal species. In...article 2003
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Gómez-Aracena, J. (author), Martin-Moreno, J.M. (author), Riemersma, R.A. (author), Bode, P. (author), Gutiérrez-Bedmar, M. (author), Gorgojo, L. (author), Kark, J.D. (author), Garcia-Rodríguez, A. (author), Gomez-Gracia, E. (author), Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author), Aro, A. (author), van 't Veer, P. (author), Wedel, H. (author), Kok, F.J. (author), Fernández-Crehuet, J. (author)The association between scandium status and risk of acute myocardial infarction (MI) was examined in a multicentre case control study in 10 centres from Europe and Israel. Scandium in toenails was assessed in 684 cases and 724 controls less than 70 years of age. Mean concentrations of toenail scandium were 6.74 μg/kg in cases and 7.75 μg/kg in...article 2002
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Berendschot, T.T.J.M. (author), Broekmans, W.M.R. (author), Klöpping-Ketelaars, I.A.A. (author), Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author), van Poppel, G. (author), van Norren, D. (author), TNO Technische Menskunde (author)Objective: To investigate whether nutritional factors and possible risk factors for cataract influence the lens optical density (LOD). Design: Three hundred seventy-six subjects, aged 18 to 75 years, were recruited. In a cross-sectional design, serum was analyzed for lutein, zeaxanthin, vitamin C, α-tocopherol, and cholesterol levels. Adipose...article 2002
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Broekmans, W.M.R. (author), Berendschot, T.T.J.R. (author), Klöpping-Ketelaars, I.A.A. (author), de Vries, A.J. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), Tijburg, L.B.M. (author), Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author), van Poppel, G. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Background: Macular pigment (MP), concentrated in the central area of the retina, contains the carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin. A low MP density could be a risk factor for age-related macular degeneration. Little information is available regarding MP density in relation to serum lutein and zeaxanthin and adipose lutein concentrations in a...article 2002
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Koopmans, S.J. (author), Jong, M.C. (author), Que, I. (author), Dahlmans, V.E.H. (author), Pijl, H. (author), Radder, J.K. (author), Frölich, M. (author), Havekes, L.M. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)Aims/hypothesis. Insulin resistance for glucose metabolism is associated with hyperlipidaemia and high blood pressure. In this study we investigated the effect of primary hyperlipidaemia on basal and insulin-mediated glucose and on non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) metabolism and mean arterial pressure in hyperlipidaemic transgenic mice...article 2001
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Goudriaan, J.R. (author), Tacken, P.J. (author), Dahlmans, V.E.H. (author), Gijbels, M.J.J. (author), van Dijk, K.W. (author), Havekes, L.M. (author), Jong, M.C. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)It has previously been reported that mice lacking the VLDL receptor (VLDLR-/-) exhibit normal plasma lipid levels and a modest decrease in adipose tissue mass. In the present study, the effect of VLDLR deficiency on profound weight gain was studied in mice. Obesity was induced either by feeding of a high-fat, high-calorie (HFC) diet or by...article 2001
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van de Vijver, L.P.L. (author), Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author), Couet, C. (author), Aro, A. (author), Kafatos, A. (author), Steingrimsdottir, L. (author), Amorim Cruz, J.A. (author), Moreiras, O. (author), Becker, W. (author), van Amelsvoort, J.M.M. (author), Vidal-Jessel, S. (author), Salminen, I. (author), Moschandreas, J. (author), Sigfússon, N. (author), Martins, I. (author), Carbajal, A. (author), Ytterfors, A. (author), van Poppel, G. (author)Background: High intakes of trans fatty acids (TFA) have been found to exert an undersirable effect on serum lipid profiles, and thus may increase the risk for cardiovascular disease. Objective: Investigation of the association between TFA intake and serum lipids. Design: Cross-sectional study in eight European countries (Finland, France, Greece...article 2000
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Relationship between visceral fat and PAI-1 in overweight men and women before and after weight lossKockx, M. (author), Leenen, R. (author), Seidell, J. (author), Princen, H.M.G. (author), Kooistra, T. (author), Gaubius instituut TNO (author)This study was aimed at evaluating the relationship between visceral fat accumulation and plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels in healthy, obese men and women undergoing weight loss therapy. The subjects, 25 men and 25 premenopausal women, aged between 26 and 49 years, with an initial body mass index between 28 and 38 kg/m2,...article 1999
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Guallar, E. (author), Aro, A. (author), Jiménez, F.J. (author), Martín-Moreno, J.M. (author), Salminen, I. (author), van 't Veer, P. (author), Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author), Gömez-Aracena, J. (author), Martin, B.C. (author), Kohlmeier, L. (author), Kark, J.D. (author), Mazaev, V.P. (author), Ringstad, J. (author), Guillén, J. (author), Riemersma, R.A. (author), Huttunen, J.K. (author), Thamm, M. (author), Kok, F.J. (author)Omega-3 fatty acids have potential antiatherogenic, antithrombotic, and antiarrhythmic properties, but their role in coronary heart disease remains controversial. To evaluate the association of omega-3 fatty acids in adipose tissue with the risk of myocardial infarction in men, a case-control study was conducted in eight European countries and...article 1999
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Sanz-Gallardo, M.I. (author), Guallar, E. (author), van 't Veer, P. (author), Longnecker, M.P. (author), Strain, J.J. (author), Martin, B.C. (author), Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author), Fernández-Crehuet, J. (author), Thamm, M. (author), Kohlmeier, L. (author), Kok, F.J. (author), Martín-Moreno, J.M. (author)To identify the determinants of p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (p,p'-DDE) in adipose tissue in subjects who participated in a cross- sectional study, we analyzed fatty acids, antioxidants, and p,p'-DDE in aspirates of adipose tissue of 328 postmenopausal women from 5 European countries. The overall mean of p,p'-DDE concentration was 1.66 μg...article 1999
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Yudkin, J.S. (author), Stehouwer, C.D.A. (author), Emeis, J.J. (author), Coppack, S.W. (author), Gaubius instituut TNO (author)C-reactive protein, a hepatic acute phase protein largely regulated by circulating levels of interleukin-6, predicts coronary heart disease incidence in healthy subjects. We have shown that subcutaneous adipose tissue secretes interleukin-6 in vivo. In this study we have sought associations of levels of C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 with...article 1999