Searched for: subject%3A%22Active%255C%2Bsonar%22
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Tyack, P.L. (author), Benti, B. (author), Foskolos, I. (author), Bort, J. (author), Neves, M. (author), Biassoni, N. (author), Miller, P.J.O. (author)
Auditory masking by anthropogenic noise may impact marine mammals relying on sound for important life functions, including echolocation. Animals have evolved antimasking strategies, but they may not be completely effective or cost-free. We formulated seven a priori hypotheses on how odontocete echolocation behavior could indicate masking. We...
article 2022
document
Isojunno, S. (author), von Benda-Beckmann, A.M. (author), Wensveen, P.J. (author), Kvadsheim. P.H., (author), Frans-Peter A. Lam, (author), Gkikopoulou, K.C. (author), Pöyhönen, V. (author), Tyack, P.L. (author), Benti, B. (author), Foskolos, I. (author), Bort, J. (author), Miguel Neves, M. (author), Biassoni, N. (author), Miller, P.J.O. (author)
Auditory masking by anthropogenic noise may impact marine mammals relying on sound for important life functions, including echolocation. Animals have evolved antimasking strategies, but they may not be completely effective or cost-free. We formulated seven a priori hypotheses on how odontocete echolocation behavior could indicate masking. We...
article 2021
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Isojunno, S. (author), Wensveen, P.J. (author), Lam, F.P.A. (author), Kvadsheim, P.H. (author), von Benda-Beckmann, A.M. (author), Lopez, L.M. Martín (author), Kleivane, L. (author), Siegal, E.M. (author), Miller, P.J.O. (author)
Anthropogenic noise sources range from intermittent to continuous, with seismic and navy sonar technology moving towards nearcontinuous transmissions. Continuous active sonar (CAS) may be used at a lower amplitude than traditional pulsed active sonar (PAS), but potentially with greater cumulative sound energy. We conducted at-sea experiments to...
article 2020
document
Bosschaart, C. (author)
The Royal Netherlands Navy operates a low-frequency active sonar consisting of a combination of a towed sonar source and receiver array in order to detect and classify objects underwater. The operation involves transmitting high power underwater sound towards an object and detecting the echo reflected by the object. Operating a towed source at...
conference paper 2019
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von Benda-Beckmann, A.M. (author), Wensveen, P.J. (author), Kvadsheim, P.H. (author), Lam, F.P.A. (author), Miller, P.J.O. (author), Tyack, P.L. (author), Ainslie, M.A. (author)
Ramp-up procedures are used to mitigate the impact of sound on marine mammals. Sound exposure models combined with observations of marine mammals responding to sound can be used to assess the effectiveness of ramp-up procedures. We found that ramp-up procedures before full-level sonar operations can reduce the risk of hearing threshold shifts...
bookPart 2016
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Knoll, M. (author), Ciaccia, E. (author), Dekeling, R.P.A. (author), Kvadsheim, P.H. (author), Liddell, K. (author), Gunnarsson, S.L. (author), Ludwig, S. (author), Nissen, I. (author), Lorenzen, D. (author), Kreimeyer, R. (author), Pavan, G. (author), Meneghetti, N. (author), Nordlund, N. (author), Benders, F.P.A. (author), van der Zwan, T. (author), van Zon, A.T. (author), Fraser, L. (author), Johansson, T. (author), Garmelius, M. (author)
Within the European Defense Agency (EDA), the Protection of Marine Mammals (PoMM) project, a comprehensive common marine mammal database essential for risk mitigation tools, was established. The database, built on an extensive dataset collection with the focus on areas of operational interest for European navies, consists of annual and seasonal...
bookPart 2016
document
Sivle, L.D. (author), Kvadsheim, P.H. (author), Ainslie, M.A. (author)
For conservation purposes, it is important to evaluate potential population consequences of noise disturbance. Based on maximum reported sound levels of no response to sonar, a mathematical model is used to predict the potential risk to the population of herring (Clupea harengus) when these levels are exceeded. Results show that risk varies with...
article 2015
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Lam, F.P.A. (author), Kvadsheim, P.H. (author), Miller, P.J.O. (author), Tyack, P.L. (author), Dekeling, R.P.A. (author)
In mitigating the risk of sonar operations, the behavioural response of cetaceans is one of the
conference paper 2013
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Knoll, M. (author), Ciaccia, E. (author), Dekeling, R.P.A. (author), Kvadsheim, P.H. (author), Liddell, K. (author), Gunnarsson, S.L. (author), Ludwig, S. (author), Nissen, I. (author), Lorenzen, D. (author), Kreimeyer, R. (author), Pavan, G. (author), Meneghetti, N. (author), Nordlund, N. (author), Benders, F.P.A. (author), van der Zwan, T. (author), Fraser, L. (author), Johansson, T. (author), Garmelius, M. (author)
The EDA (European Defence Agency) project PoMM (Protection of Marine Mammals) is based on an agreement between the Ministries of Defence for Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and the United Kingdom. The project, running for 3 years since August 2010, aims to protect marine mammals against the impact of active sonar and maintain the...
conference paper 2013
document
Ainslie, M.A. (author), Ellis, D.D. (author), Ehrlich, J. (author), Schippers, P. (author), Hjelmervik, K.T. (author), Colin, M.E.G.D. (author)
The need for benchmarks of propagation loss was addressed by a series ofworkshops in the 1980s. The main results of those workshops were a set of well-defined propagation scenarios and their corresponding solutions. The availability of these benchmarks permitted the systematic evaluation of the accuracy of propagation models suitable for passive...
conference paper 2013
document
von Benda-Beckmann, A.M. (author), Wensveen, P.J. (author), Kvadsheim, P.H. (author), Lam, F.P.A. (author), Miller, P.J.O. (author), Tyack, P.L. (author), Ainslie, M.A. (author)
Ramp-up (or soft-start) procedures are commonly used to mitigate the impact of sound on marine mammals. Although this procedure is often adopted as a common-sense approach, studies that quantify the effectiveness of ramp-up are currently lacking. The effectiveness of ramp-up is investigated by modelling the sound exposure of animals caused by a...
conference paper 2013
document
Sivle, L.D. (author), Kvadsheim, P.H. (author), Ainslie, M.A. (author)
Effects of noise disturbance to fish populations may be predicted by using the four steps in the population consequences of acoustic disturbance (PCAD) model, with small scale exposure experiments as input. We have used the results from experimental studies on mortality and behavior of juvenile and adult herring exposed to naval sonar as input...
conference paper 2013
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von Benda-Beckmann, A.M. (author), van der Zwan, T. (author), van Riet, M.W.G. (author), Benders, F.P.A. (author), Ainslie, M.A. (author), te Raa, L.A. (author)
SAKAMATA is a risk assessment and mitigation tool developed by TNO and used by the Royal Netherlands Navy. It supports the user in planning and carrying out active sonar operations in an environmentally responsible way. Recently, a new version has been developed, which makes it possible to quantify the number of marine mammals affected, taking...
conference paper 2012
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Cristol, X. (author), Jespers, S. (author), Chalindar, B. (author), Juhel, B. (author), Dybedal, J. (author), Eidem, E.J. (author), Ivansson, S. (author), van Vossen, R. (author), Ainslie, M.A. (author), Andersson, B.L. (author), Colin, M.E.G.D. (author), Pihl, J. (author)
The European Defence Agency project RUMBLE-2 (ref.[1]) offered the opportunity for investigating experimentally acoustic reverberation at about 1.kHz, under grazing incidence (less than about 20°), from very porous clayey seafloors of a continental shelf (mean grain size spanning from about 7 to 10 in  units); the instrument was an operational,...
conference paper 2012
document
Abrahamsson, L. (author), Andersson, B.L. (author), Ivansson, S. (author), Pihl, J. (author), Chalindar, B. (author), Cristol, J.X. (author), Juhel, B. (author), Eidem, E.J. (author), Dybedal, J. (author), Olsen, G.K. (author), Ainslie, M.A. (author), Benders, F.P.A. (author), Colin, M.E.G.D. (author), van Vossen, R. (author)
An operational low-frequency active sonar system has been used in the EDA (European Defence Agency) project Rumble-2 to collect reverberation data at sea trials in the North Sea. Using a fast ray model for the forward computations, the reverberation data are inverted to determine bottom parameters: Lambert back-scattering parameter μ and sound...
conference paper 2012
document
Beerens, S.P. (author), Benders, F.P.A. (author)
Several navies are operating or procuring low-frequency active sonar systems (LFAS) as the primary part of their ASW capability. Since LFAS is a relatively new sensor with a performance strongly depending on environmental conditions, the proper operational sensor settings, such as depth and pulse type, that provide optimum performance are not...
conference paper 2012
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Jespers, S. (author), Juhel, B. (author), Chalindar, B. (author), Cristol, X. (author), Dybedal, J. (author), Eidem, E.J. (author), Ivansson, S. (author), van Vossen, R. (author), Ainslie, M.A. (author), Andersson, B.L. (author), Benders, F.P.A. (author), Colin, M.E.G.D. (author), Olsen, G.K. (author), Pihl, J. (author)
The safety of the deployment of naval forces requires a correct estimation of sonar performances. The quality of these performances strongly depends on the knowledge of the environmental data, especially in shallow water environments where the acoustic field is particularly influenced by the interaction with the seabed sediment whose acoustic...
conference paper 2012
document
van Vossen, R. (author), Colin, M. (author), Benders, F. (author), Ainslie, M.A. (author), Eidem, E.J. (author), Chalindar, B. (author), Juhel, B. (author), Dybedal, J. (author), Olsen, G.K. (author), Ivansson, S. (author), Abrahamsson, L. (author)
Accurate environmental information is required for obtaining reliable predictions for the performance of low-frequency active sonar (LFAS) systems. This environmental information is, however, often unreliable or unavailable. For example, the acoustic seabed parameters relevant for the scattering and reflection of sound at the seabed are commonly...
conference paper 2011
document
Juhel, B. (author), Cristol, X. (author), Chalindar, B. (author), Dybedal, J. (author), Eidem, E.J. (author), Ivansson, S. (author), van Vossen, R. (author), Ainslie, M.A. (author), Andersson, B.L. (author), Benders, F.P.A. (author), Colin, M.E.G.D. (author), Olsen, G.K. (author), Pihl, J. (author)
This paper presents the European Defence Agency project called “RUMBLE 2” carried out with contribution of several European organizations: TUS in France, TNO in the Netherlands, KDS and FFI in Norway, FOI in Sweden. The objective was to assess the capability of an operational Low Frequency Active Sonar (LFAS) to estimate bottom parameters in...
conference paper 2011
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van Vossen, R. (author), van der Spek, E. (author), Beerens, S.P. (author)
Existing sonar systems are commonly deployed at a low duty cycle, i.e. a short transmit signal is used followed by a long listening time. As a result, the target is only illuminated during a short time resulting in only one detection opportunity per ping. When a sonar system is capable of recording meaningful data during its transmission, one...
conference paper 2011
Searched for: subject%3A%22Active%255C%2Bsonar%22
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