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Monk-Steel, A.D. (author), Thompson, D.J. (author), de Beer, F.G. (author), Janssens, M.H.A. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)Curve squeal noise is of growing concern for the railway industry as rail systems become more widespread in densely populated areas. In response to the pressure to minimise environmental pollution, there is a demand for a deeper understanding of the phenomenon and to develop a methodical approach to managing the wheel-rail system. Under curving,...article 2006
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Borst, H.C. (author), Miedema, H.M.E. (author), van der Laan, W.P.N. (author), Lohman, W.J.A. (author), TNO Bouw en Ondergrond (author)Noise annoyance due to transportation is widespread in industrialized countries and in urban areas in the developing countries. The European Noise Directive (END) requires an assessment of the noise situation as well as the formulation of action plans for the reduction of the number of people harmfully affected by environmental noise. In this...conference paper 2006
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Dittrich, M.G. (author), Zhang, X. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)Traction noise is one of the noise sources of powered railway vehicles such as locomotives, electric- and diesel-powered multiple unit trains and high-speed trains. Especially at speeds below 60 km/h and at idling, but also at acceleration conditions for a wide range of speeds, traction noise can be dominant. This is relevant for noise in...article 2006
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Azarpeyvand, M. (author), Self, R.H. (author), Golliard, J. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)To calculate the noise emanating from a turbulent flow (such as a jet flow) using Lighthill's analogy, knowledge concerning the unsteady characteristics of the turbulence is required. Specifically, the form of the turbulent correlation tensor together with various time and length-scales and convection velocities are needed. However, if we are...conference paper 2006
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van der Eerden, F.J.M. (author), van den Berg, F. (author), van 't Hof, J. (author), van Arkel, E. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)A blast absorber test was conducted at the Aberdeen Test Centre from 13 to 17 June 2005. The test was set up to determine the absorbing and shielding effect of a gravel pile, of 1.5 meters high and 15 by 15 meters wide, on blasts from large weapons: e.g. armor, artillery or demolition. The blast was simulated with single brick C-4 charges of 570...conference paper 2006
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Janssens, M.H.A. (author), Dittrich, M.G. (author), de Beer, F.G. (author), Jones, C.J.C. (author)In recent years, considerable effort has been spent at a European level to establish comprehensive methods for the experimental assessment of rolling noise emission of rail-bound vehicles and tracks. This work was concentrated in the European METARAIL and STAIRRS projects. The objective of these was to improve the accuracy and the...article 2006
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Janssens, M.H.A. (author), Jansen, H.W. (author), Dittrich, M.G. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)The Dutch national calculation scheme for railway noise has been declared the default interim method for railway noise calculation by the EU, until the introduction of results from the Harmonoise project. It includes a measurement protocol for determining emission input data in the format suitable for the present calculation scheme. The...article 2006
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Rasmussen, B. (author), Gerretsen, E. (author), TNO Industrie en Techniek (author)ISO 140 is the basic series of standards in Building Acoustics and consists of several parts relating to laboratory and field measurements. The standards were originally prepared by ISO/TC43/SC2 WGs in the early sixties and since then updated and implemented as European standards through CEN/TC126. The ISO 140 series now consists of more than 10...conference paper 2005
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Groen, J. (author), Beerens, S.P. (author), Been, R. (author), Doisy, Y. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)Abstract—For a low-frequency active sonar (LFAS) with a triplet receiver array, it is not clear in advance which signal processing techniques optimize its performance. Here, several advanced beamformers are analyzed theoretically, and the results are compared to experimental data obtained in sea trials. Triplet arrays are single line arrays with...article 2005
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Miedema, H.M.E. (author), Fields, J.M. (author), Vos, H. (author), Instituut voor Ruimtelijke Organisatie TNO (author)More than 80 000 residents' responses to transportation noise from 42 studies conducted at different times of year provide statistical estimates of the effects of season and meteorological conditions on community response to noise. The strongest evidence for a seasonal effect comes from 7 years of continuous daily interviewing of nationally...article 2005
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Fraanje, P.R. (author), Verhaegen, M. (author), Doelman, N.J. (author), TNO Industrie (author)This letter presents a robustification of the preconditioned Filtered-X LMS algorithm proposed by Elliott et al.. The method optimizes the average performance for probabilistic uncertainty in the secondary path and relaxes the SPR condition for global convergence. It also prevents large amplification in the pre-conditioning filters due to...article 2004
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Miedema, H.M.E. (author), Vos, H. (author), Instituut voor Ruimtelijke Organisatie TNO (author)Relationships between exposure to noise [metric: day-evening-night levels (DENL)] from stationary sources (shunting yards, a seasonal industry, and other industries) and annoyance are presented. Curves are presented for expected annoyance score, the percentage "highly annoyed" (%HA, cutoff at 72 on a scale from 0 to 100), the percentage "annoyed...article 2004
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van Wijngaarden, S.J. (author), Bronkhorst, A.W. (author), Houtgast, T. (author), Steeneken, H.J.M. (author), TNO Technische Menskunde (author)While the Speech Transmission Index ~STI! is widely applied for prediction of speech intelligibility in room acoustics and telecommunication engineering, it is unclear how to interpret STI values when non-native talkers or listeners are involved. Based on subjectively measured psychometric functions for sentence intelligibility in noise, for...article 2004
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Miedema, H.M.E. (author), Instituut voor Ruimtelijke Organisatie TNO (author)Relationships between exposure to noise [metric: day-night level (DNL) or day-evening-night level (DENL)] from a single source (aircraft, road traffic, or railways) and annoyance based on a large international dataset have been published earlier. Also for stationary sources relationships have been assessed. Here the annoyance equivalents model...article 2004
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van Wijngaarden, S.J. (author), Houtgast, T. (author)The Speech Transmission Index (STI) is routinely applied for predicting the intelligibility of messages (sentences) in noise and reverberation. Despite clear evidence that the STI is capable of doing so accurately, recent results indicate that the STI sometimes underestimates the effect of reverberation on sentence intelligibility. To...article 2004
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Gijrath, H. (author), Ǎbom, M. (author), Technisch Physische Dienst TNO - TH (author)Noise from e.g. gas-transport piping systems becomes more and more a problem for plants located close to urban areas. Too high noise levels are unacceptable and will put limitations on the plant capacity. Flow-induced noise of valves, orifices and headers installed in the installation plays a dominant role. To control such noise problems during...conference paper 2003
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Mast, A. (author), van den Dool, T.C. (author), van der Toorn, J.D. (author), Watts, G. (author)In national and European discussions, it appears that the conventional sound measurement techniques are insufficient to answer some relevant questions with respect to source strength of road vehicles. An example of such a question is: What is the importance of tyre-road noise on the one hand and drive-line noise on the other hand in every day...conference paper 2003
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Miedema, H.M.E. (author), Vos, H. (author), Instituut voor Ruimtelijke Organisatie TNO (author)This article integrates findings from the literature and new results regarding noise sensitivity. The new results are based on analyses of 28 combined datasets (N=23 038), and separate analyses of a large aircraft noise study (N=10939). Three topics regarding noise sensitivity are discussed, namely, its relationship with noise exposure, its...article 2003
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Snellen, M. (author), van Lier, L.J. (author), Golliard, J. (author), Védy, E. (author), Technisch Physische Dienst TNO - TH (author)In this paper an engineering method for the prediction of noise generated by a turbulent flow is presented. The presented approach is based on the assumption that the acoustic phenomena do not provide feedback to the turbulence. Thus, parameters such as the turbulent kinetic energy and the integral length scale can be obtained from Reynolds...conference paper 2003
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Golliard, J. (author), Technisch Physische Dienst TNO - TH (author)In this paper, the impedance of a rectangular opening submitted to a turbulent grazing flow is investigated experimentally. The opening is located in a flat plate where a turbulent boundary layer flow develops. The impedance is measured with a two-microphone measuring pipe installed below the opening. The opening has a rectangular shape of large...conference paper 2003