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Kezic, S. (author), Meuling, W.J.A. (author), Jakasa, I. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Objectives: To assess excretion kinetics of free and total (free + conjugated) 2-butoxyacetic acid (BAA) following dermal and inhalation exposure to butoxyethanol (BE). Methods: Six male volunteers were derma lly exposed for 4 h to a 50% aqueous solution of BE on an area of 40 cm2 of the volar forearm. Six other male volunteers were exposed by...article 2004
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López-Cervantes, L. (author), Sánchez-Machado, D.I. (author), Pastorelli, S. (author), Rijk, R. (author), Paseiro-Losada, P. (author), TNO Voeding (author)The behaviour of two commercial oxygen-scavenging products with respect to migration of active ingredients into foodstuffs was investigated. Migrants were identified, and by using appropriate analytical methods, migration was determined in a variety of liquid, solid or gelled food simulants and foods. Simulants were chosen to cover a range of...article 2003
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Mol, H.G.J. (author), van Dam, R.C.J. (author), Steijger, O.M. (author), TNO Voeding (author)A method based on liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS)/MS was developed for sensitive determination of a number of less gas chromatography (GC)-amenable organophosphorus pesticides (OPs; acephate, methamidophos, monocrotophos, omethoate, oxydemeton-methyl and vamidothion) in cabbage and grapes. For extraction, several solvents were...article 2003
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TNO BIBRA (author), Edwards, C.A. (author), Rumney, C. (author), Davies, M. (author), Parrett, A.M. (author), Dore, J. (author), Martin, F. (author), Schmitt, J. (author), Stahl, B. (author), Norin, E. (author), Midtvedt, T. (author), Rowland, I.R. (author), Heavey, P. (author), Köhler, H. (author), Stocks, B. (author), Schroten, H. (author)Objectives: Bacterial colonization of the infant gut may have important influences on the development of gastrointestinal, respiratory, and allergic disease. Early diet is a major determinant of the gut microflora. It is very difficult to carry out studies in human infants that can investigate the interaction of diet, flora, and mucosa. In this...article 2003
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Heikkilä, P. (author), Teronen, O. (author), Hirn, M.Y. (author), Sorsa, T. (author), Tervahartiala, T. (author), Salo, T. (author), Konttinen, Y.T. (author), Halttunen, T. (author), Moilanen, M. (author), Hanemaaijer, R. (author), Laitinen, M. (author)Background. Bisphosphonates reduce the bone metastasis formation and angiogenesis but the exact molecular mechanisms involved are unclear. Progelatinase A (proMMP-2; 78 KDa) is activated up during the tumor spread and metastasis by a cell surface-associated matrix metalloproteinase (membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase [MT1-MMP] or MMP-14)....article 2003
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Visser, J. (author), Lentjes, E. (author), Haspels, I. (author), Graffelman, W. (author), Blauw, B. (author), de Kloet, R. (author), Nagelkerken, L. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Background: In this study we tested the hypothesis that the increased sensitivity to glucocorticoids in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)-patients can be attributed to an altered functioning of their glucocorticoid receptors (GR). Methods: For this purpose, affinity and distribution of the GR were studied in purified, peripheral blood mononuclear...article 2001
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Delsing, D.J.M. (author), Offerman, E.H. (author), van Duyvenvoorde, W. (author), van der Boom, H. (author), de Wit, E.C.M. (author), Gijbels, M.J.J. (author), van der Laarse, A. (author), Jukema, J.W. (author), Havekes, L.M. (author), Princen, H.M.G. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)Background - The present study investigated whether the ACAT inhibitor avasimibe can reduce atherogenesis independently of its cholesterol-lowering effect in ApoE*3-Leiden mice. Methods and Results - Two groups of 15 female ApoE*3-Leiden mice were put on a high-cholesterol (HC) diet; 1 group received 0.01% (wt/wt) avasimibe mixed into the diet....article 2001
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Feron, V.J. (author), Arts, J.H.E. (author), Kuper, C.F. (author), Slootweg, P.J. (author), Woutersen, R.A. (author)Health risks of inhaled nasal toxicants were reviewed with emphasis on chemically induced nasal lesions in humans, sensory irritation, olfactory and trigeminal nerve toxicity, nasal immunopathology and carcinogenesis, nasal responses to chemical mixtures, in vitro models, and nasal dosimetry- and metabolism-based extrapolation of nasal data in...article 2001
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de Groot, J. (author), Verzijl, N. (author), Wenting-Van Wijk, M.J.G. (author), Bank, R.A. (author), Lafeber, F.P.J.G. (author), Bijlsma, J.W.J. (author), Tekoppele, J.M. (author), Gaubius Instituut (author)Objective. Progressive destruction of articular cartilage is a hallmark of osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Age-related changes in cartilage may influence tissue destruction and thus progression of the disease. Therefore, the effect of age-related accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on cartilage...article 2001
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Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO TNO Voeding (author), Oude Elferink, S.J.W.H. (author), Krooneman, J. (author), Gottschal, J.C. (author), Spoelstra, S.F. (author), Faber, F. (author), Driehuis, F. (author)The degradation of lactic acid under anoxic conditions was studied in several strains of Lactobacillus buchneri and in close relatives such as Lactobacillus parabuchneri, Lactobacillus kefir, and Lactobacillus hilgardii. Of these lactobacilli, L. buchneri and L. parabuchneri were able to degrade lactic acid under anoxic conditions, without...article 2001
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Giltay, E.J. (author), Gooren, L.J.G. (author), Emeis, J.J. (author), Kooistra, T. (author), Stehouwer, C.D.A. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Oral estrogen administration decreases plasma levels of tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), which may be explained by a decrease in endothelial tPA synthesis, an increase in its hepatic clearance, or both. In the present study, we determined (1) differences between oral (ie, via the liver) ethinyl estradiol and transdermal (ie, systemic)...article 2000
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Groten, J.P. (author), Butler, W. (author), Feron, V.J. (author), Kozianowski, G. (author), Renwick, A.G. (author), Walker, R. (author)The possibility that structurally unrelated food additives could show either joint actions or interactions has been assessed based on their potential to share common sites and mechanisms of action or common pathways of elimination. All food additives approved in the European Union and allocated numerical acceptable daily intake values were...article 2000
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Gucek, M. (author), Gaspari, M. (author), Walhagen, K. (author), Vreeken, R.J. (author), Verheij, E.R. (author), van der Greef, J. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The successful coupling of capillary electrochromatography (CEC) to an ion trap mass spectrometer via a nanoelectrospray interface (nESI) is described. Using a conductively coated tip butted to the end of a CEC column, it was possible to obtain a stable spray without any sheath liquid being employed. Selected small peptides were separated with...article 2000
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van Dokkum, W. (author), Wezendonk, B. (author), Srikumar, T.S. (author), van den Heuvel, E.G.H.M. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Objective: To study the effect of the intake of 15 g nondigestible oligosaccharides per day on various parameters of large-bowel function, as well as on blood lipid concentrations and glucose absorption in man. Design: Latin square, randomized, double-blind, diet-controlled. Setting: Metabolic research unit. Subjects: Twelve apparently healthy...article 1999
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Post, S.M. (author), Paul Zoeteweij, J. (author), Bos, M.H.A. (author), de Wit, E.C.M. (author), Havinga, R. (author), Kuipers, F. (author), Princen, H.M.G. (author), Gaubius instituut TNO (author)Acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitors are currently in clinical development as potential lipid-lowering and antiatherosclerotic agents. We investigated the effect of avasimibe (C1- 1011), a novel ACAT inhibitor, on bile acid synthesis and cholesterol 7α- hydroxylase in cultured rat hepatocytes and rats fed different diets...article 1999
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Arts, J. (author), Grimbergen, J. (author), Toet, K. (author), Kooistra, T. (author), Gaubius instituut TNO (author)We have characterized the regulation of plasminogen activator inhibitor- 1 (PAI-1) gene expression by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), serum, and interleukin-1α (IL-1α) in the human hepatoma cell line HepG2. PMA, serum, and IL-1α induced a rapid and transient 28-fold (PMA), 9-fold (serum), and 23-fold (IL-1α) increase in PAI-1 mRNA,...article 1999
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Hanemaaijer, R. (author), Visser, H. (author), Koolwijk, P. (author), Sorsa, T. (author), Salo, T. (author), Golub, L.M. (author), van Hinsbergh, V.W. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)Doxycycline is a commonly used broad-spectrum antibiotic. Recently, it has been shown that it also inhibits the activity of mammalian collagenases and gelatinases, an activity unrelated to its antimicrobial efficacy. In this study, we show that doxycycline not only inhibits MMP-8 and MMP-9 (gelatinase B) activity, but also the synthesis of MMPs...article 1998
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Rouster, J. (author), van Mechelen, J. (author), Cameron-Mills, V. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)The barley lipoxygenase 1 (Lox1) gene encodes a protein expressed in embryos during grain development and germination and in leaves after methyl-jasmonate (MeJA) treatment. Transient gene expression assays in germinating barley embryos were used to identify cis-regulatory elements involved in the embryo-specific expression of the Lox1 gene....article 1998
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Emeis, J.J. (author), van den Hoogen, C.M. (author), Diglio, C.A. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)The synthesis, storage and regulated secretion (acute release) of tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) were studied in cultured rat heart endothelial (RHE) cells. In this study, special attention was paid to the correspondence between tPA metabolism in RHE cells in vitro and tPA metabolism in rats in vivo. RHE cells synthetized tPA, as shown...article 1998
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Arts, J. (author), Herr, I. (author), Lansink, M. (author), Angel, P. (author), Kooistra, T. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) gene expression in human endothelial cells and HeLa cells is stimulated by the protein kinase C activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) at the level of transcription. To study the mechanism of transcriptional regulation, we have characterized a segment of the t-PA gene extending from -135 to +100...article 1997