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Vogelbacher, S. (author), van Eijk, A.M.J. (author), Sprung, D. (author), Cohen, L.H. (author), Sucher, E. (author), Stein, K. (author)A transmission experiment has been performed over an optical path of 1.53 km at a rural test site in Meppen, Northwest Germany. Direct transmission measurements were made by a 7-wavelength transmissometer. Transmission was further estimated from the average voltage received by a BLS2000 scintillometer, and evaluated with Mie theory from in-situ...conference paper 2016
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van Eijk, A.M.J. (author), Piazzola, J. (author), Van Zuijlen, S. (author), Cohen, L. (author), Moerman, M. (author), Missamou, T. (author), Tedeschi, G. (author), Stein, K. (author)A comparison of aerosol data acquired at five different sites around the globe is presented. All data has been acquired with the same instrumentation and representative size distributions for marine air masses at 10 m/s wind speed have been selected for comparison. Differences in the concentrations of larger and smaller aerosols at the various...conference paper 2016
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Eisele, C. (author), Seiffer, D.P. (author), Stein, K. (author), Sucher, E. (author), Gunter, W.H. (author), February, F. (author), Vrahimis, G. (author), Wainman, C. (author), Maritz, B. (author), Koago, M.S. (author), van Eijk, A.M.J. (author), van Iersel, M. (author), Cohen, L.H. (author), van Binsbergen, S.A. (author), Heemskerk, H.J.M.E. (author), Sternberg, A. (author), Schulte, H. (author), van Rheenen, A.D. (author), Brenthagen, E. (author), Thomassen, J.B. (author), Griffith, D. (author)A long term field trial called FESTER (First European South African Transmission Experiment) has been conducted by an international collaboration of research organizations during the course of almost one year at False Bay, South Africa. Main objectives of the experiment are a better insight into atmospherical effects on propagation of optical...conference paper 2016
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Sprung, D. (author), Van Eijk, A.M.J. (author), Sucher, E. (author), Eisele, C. (author), Seiffer, D. (author), Stein, K. (author)The experiment FESTER (First European South African Transmission ExpeRiment) took place in 2015 to investigate the atmospheric influence on electro-optical systems performance across False Bay / South Africa on a long term basis. Several permanent stations for monitoring electro-optical propagation and atmospheric parameters were set up around...conference paper 2016
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Maritz, B. (author), Koago, M.S. (author), Wainman, C.K. (author), Gardener, M.E. (author), Gunter, W.H. (author), van Eijk, A.M.J. (author)The First European South African Experiment (FESTER) was conducted over about a 10 month period at the Institute of Maritime Technology (IMT) in False Bay, South Africa. One of the important goals was to validate atmospheric refraction and turbulence models. To achieve this goal it was required to measure the vertical profile of meteorological...conference paper 2016
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Gunter, W.H. (author), Maritz, B. (author), Koago, M. (author), Wainman, C.K. (author), Gardener, M.E. (author), February, F. (author), van Eijk, A.M.J. (author)The First European South African Experiment (FESTER) was conducted over about a 10 month period at the Institute of Maritime Technology (IMT) in False Bay, South Africa. One of the important goals was the establishment of the air-sea temperature difference (ASTD) homogeneity along the main propagation link atmospheric path since it is a basic...conference paper 2016
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Vogelbacher, S. (author), Sprung, D. (author), van Eijk, A.M.J. (author), Stein, K. (author)A recent field trial in the Northern German littoral area of the Baltic Sea yielded a dataset of visibility, meteorological parameters, aerosol size distributions, as well as transmission over a horizontal path of 1344 m. The experimental results are compared to simulations using the MODTRAN (moderate resolution atmospheric transmission) model,...conference paper 2015
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de Jong, A.N. (author), van Eijk, A.M.J. (author), Benoist, K.W. (author), Gunter, W.H. (author), Vrahimis, G. (author), October, F.J. (author)Knowledge on the marine boundary layer is of importance for the prediction of the optical image quality obtained from long range targets. One property of the boundary layer, that can be studied rather easily by means of optical refraction measurements, is the vertical temperature profile. This profile can be compared with the profile, as...conference paper 2011
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de Jong, A.N. (author), Fritz, P.J. (author), Benoist, K.W. (author), van Eijk, A.M.J. (author), Schwering, P.B.W. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)The FATMOSE trial (FAlse-bay ATMOSpheric Experiment) running over a period from November 2009 to July 2010,was a continuation of the cooperation between TNO and IMT on atmospheric propagation and point target detection and identification in a maritime environment. Instruments were installed for measuring scintillation, blurring- and refraction...conference paper 2010
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TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author), van Eijk, A.M.J. (author), Degache, M.A.C. (author), de Lange, D.J.J. (author), Hammel, S.M. (author), Tsintikidis, D.S. (author)The FATMOSE trial (FAlse-bay ATMOSpheric Experiment) running over a period from November 2009 to July 2010, was a continuation of the cooperation between TNO and IMT on atmospheric propagation and point target detection and identification in a maritime environment. Instruments were installed for measuring scintillation, blurring- and refraction...conference paper 2010
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TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author), de Jong, A.N. (author), Schwering, P.B.W. (author), Fritz, P.J. (author)The impact of atmospheric turbulence in the marine boundary layer on the performance of ship-borne and coastal optical and infrared surveillance sensors is well known. On the one hand, the detection process may benefit from scintillation of signals from point-like targets at long range, while target identification is hampered by turbulence...conference paper 2009
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TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author), de Jong, A.N. (author), Schwering, P.B.W. (author), Fritz, P.J. (author)Complementary to a measurement campaign of small surface targets in the False Bay, South Africa [1], a set-up could be arranged of atmospheric propagation experiments. This opportunity allowed us to collect another set of transmission data in a coastal area, where the environmental conditions are generally non-homogeneous and rapidly changing....conference paper 2008
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TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author), de Jong, A.N. (author), Schwering, P.B.W. (author), Fritz, P.J. (author)Complementary to a measurement campaign of small surface targets in the False Bay, South Africa [1], a set-up could be arranged of atmospheric propagation experiments. This opportunity allowed us to collect another set of transmission data in a coastal area, where the environmental conditions are generally non-homogeneous and rapidly changing....conference paper 2008
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TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author), de Jong, A.N. (author), Fritz, P.J. (author)Optical refraction tends to occur frequently in the atmospheric boundary layer. Due to a gradient in the temperature as function of height, rays are bending down towards the earth (super-refraction), or up towards to the sky (sub-refraction). As a consequence, images of targets at long range may be distorted and mirages may occur, while the...conference paper 2007
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TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author), Dion, D. (author), Gardenal, L. (author), de Jong, A.N. (author), Forand, L. (author), Vogel, H. (author), Hurtaud, Y. (author), Stein, K. (author)multinational campaign was organized by the NATO SET56 Group to assess transmission in coastal environments: the VAlidation Measurements of Propagation in IR and RAdar (VAMPIRA) experiment. VAMPIRA was conducted in the Baltic Sea, near Surendorf, Germany, from 27 March to 4 April 2004. During VAMPIRA, transmission was measured in the IR and the...conference paper 2007
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TNO Industrie en Techniek (author), Hamelinck, R.F.M.M. (author), Rosielle, P.C.J.N. (author), Steinbuch, M. (author), Doelman, N.J. (author)The first prototype of an actuator for a new adaptive deformable mirror (DM) is presented together with the development of a 61-actuator grid element. The DM design consists of a thin membrane which acts as the correcting element. A grid of low voltage electro-magnetic push-pull actuators, impose out-of-plane displacements in the mirror's...conference paper 2005
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de Jong, A.N. (author), Cohen, L.H. (author), Moerman, M.M. (author)Scattering by atmospheric aerosols is one of the environmental parameters determining the range performance of optical and infrared sensors. Extinction of the target contrast along the path due to scattering is difficult to estimate in real operational conditions due to uncertainties in the size distribution of the particles, their constitution...conference paper 2004
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Kunz, G.J. (author), Degache, M.A.C. (author), Moerman, M.M. (author), van Eijk, A.M.J. (author), Neele, F.P. (author), Doss-Hammel, S.M. (author), Tsintikidis, D. (author)The application of long-range infrared observation systems is challenging, especially with the currently available high spatial resolution infrared camera systems with resolutions comparable with their visual counterparts. As a result of these developments, the obtained infrared images are no longer limited by the quality of system but by...conference paper 2004
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TNO Fysisch en Elektronisch Laboratorium (author), Piazzola, J. (author), Kaloshin, G. (author), de Leeuw, G. (author), van Eijk, A.M.J. (author)The performance of electro-optical systems can be substantially affected by aerosol particles that scatter and absorb electromagnetic radiation. A few years ago, an empirical model was developed describing the aerosol size distributions in the Mediterranean coastal atmosphere near Toulon (France). This model has been coupled with Mie theory to...conference paper 2004
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de Jong, A.N. (author)When images are made of distant targets over long atmospheric paths, local variations of the refractive index of the air may lead to severe optical distortions and aberrations. An extreme example of such variations is the stream of hot exhaust gases on ships. The performance of infrared and optical sensors, mounted on elevated platforms on board...conference paper 2004
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