Deployment of CO2 capture and storage in Europe under limited public acceptance—An energy system perspective

In this paper we analyse how in Europe large-scale deployment of CO2 capture and storage (CCS) technology may be hindered by limited public acceptance. We develop scenarios for how public acceptance may constrain the diffusion of CCS, either by reducing the overall amount of instal- lable CCS capacity or by delaying its introduction, and show...

Identifying predictors for energy poverty in Europe using machine learning

In this paper we identify drivers for energy poverty in Europe using machine learning. The establishment of predictors for energy poverty valid across countries is a call made by many experts, since it could pro vide a basis to effectively target energy-poor households with adequate policy measures. We apply a ‘‘low income, high expenditure”...

Renewable natural gas as climate-neutral energy carrier?

Natural gas is a potent greenhouse gas but remains an attractive energy resource for a good number of reasons. Because complementing the use of natural gas with carbon dioxide capture and storage yields several drawbacks, producing synthetic natural gas instead could be an interesting alternative. Methanation is an established and well-known...

Country-specific cost projections for renewable hydrogen production through off-grid electricity systems

Renewable hydrogen is increasingly recognized as one of the key decarbonisation options compatible with the EU’s climate neutrality goal. We quantify possible cost reductions for renewable hydrogen production until 2050 through electrolysis with off-grid renewable electricity generation systems. We focus on the use of solar PV and on- and...

Cost projections for microwave plasma CO production using renewable energy

Successful deployment of renewable fuel production requires substantial cost reduction along the entire value chain of the underlying manufacturing routes. To improve their performance, renewable fuel pro duction technologies should follow a cost-reducing learning curve. In this article, we adopt recent evi dence that learning-by-doing is...

OPERA: a New High-Resolution Energy System Model for Sector Integration Research

This article introduces and describes OPERA, a new technology-rich bottom-up energy system optimization model for the Netherlands. We give a detailed specification of OPERA’s underlying methodology and approach, as well as a description of its multiple applications. The model has been used extensively to formulate strategic policy advice on...

Renewable natural gas as climate-neutral energy carrier?

Natural gas is a potent greenhouse gas but remains an attractive energy resource for a good number of reasons. Because complementing the use of natural gas with carbon dioxide capture and storage yields several drawbacks, producing synthetic natural gas instead could be an interesting alternative. Methanation is an established and well-known...

Net zero-emission pathways reduce the physical and economic risks of climate change

Mitigation pathways exploring end-of-century temperature targets often entail temperature overshoot. Little is known about the additional climate risks generated by overshooting temperature. Here we assessed the benefits of limiting overshoot. We computed the probabilistic impacts for different warming targets and overshoot levels on the basis...

Estimation of losses in solar energy production from air pollution in China since 1960 using surface radiation data

China is the largest worldwide consumer of solar photovoltaic (PV) electricity, with 130 GW of installed capacity as of 2017. China’s PV capacity is expected to reach at least 400 GW by 2030, to provide 10% of its primary energy. However, anthropogenic aerosol emissions and changes in cloud cover affect solar radiation in China. Here, we use...

Transitioning towards negative CO2 emissions

In this policy perspective we argue that mankind likely needs to achieve negative CO2 emissions before 2050, describe the transition to CO2-neutrality and CO2-negativity, and illustrate the possibly critical role played hereinby CO2 use

Electricity versus Hydrogen for Passenger Cars under Stringent Climate Change Control

In this article we analyze how passenger car transportation in Europe may change this century under permanent high oil prices and stringent climate control policy. We focus on electricity and hydrogen as principal candidate energy carriers, because these two options are increasingly believed to become the long-term competitors in the transport...

Temporal variability of foraminiferal densities in the northern Adriatic Sea

Over a period of two years (August 1996 to July 1998) foraminiferal abundances have been monitored at two stations in the northern Adriatic Sea. Environmental variables such as oxygen concentrations, salinity and temperature were measured and the trophic state of the seawater at both localities was calculated. Foraminiferal numbers fluctuated...