Dry deposition of ammonia in a coastal dune area: Measurements and modeling

Ammonia deposition is a threat to many natural ecosystems, including coastal dune areas, because of eutrophication and acidification. Direct measurements of ammonia fluxes are nevertheless scarce. In this paper we present a full year of measurements to derive the ammonia dry deposition flux in a Dutch coastal dune ecosystem, based on the...

Observational relationships between ammonia, carbon dioxide and water vapor under a wide range of meteorological and turbulent conditions: RITA-2021 campaign (Preprint)

We present a comprehensive observational approach, aiming to establish relations between the surface-atmosphere exchange of ammonia (NH3) and the CO2 uptake and transpiration by vegetation. In doing so, we study relationships useful for the the improvement and development of NH3 flux representations and their dependences. The NH3 concentration...

Greenhouse gas emissions in the Netherlands 1990-2018. National inventory report 2020

In 2018 is de totale uitstoot van broeikasgassen in Nederland met 2,7 procent gedaald ten opzichte van 2017. Deze daling komt vooral doordat er minder kolen zijn gebruikt om elektriciteit te produceren. De totale uitstoot van broeikasgassen naar de lucht wordt uitgedrukt in CO2-equivalenten en bedroeg in 2018 188,2 miljard kilogram. Het jaar...

Non-stomatal exchange in ammonia dry deposition models: comparison of two state-of-the-art approaches

Abstract. The accurate representation of bidirectional ammonia (NH3/ biosphere–atmosphere exchange is an important part of modern air quality models. However, the cuticular(or external leaf surface) pathway, as well as other non-stomatal ecosystem surfaces, still pose a major challenge to translating our knowledge into models. Dynamic...

Modeling the European nitrogen budget: Effects of including the bi-directional surface-atmosphere exchange of ammonia

Modelling has been performed of the European nitrogen budget, and the effects of including the bi-directional surface-atmosphere exchange of ammonia have been investigated

Modeling the distribution of ammonia across Europe including bi-directional surface-atmosphere exchange

A large shortcoming of current chemistry transport models (CTM) for simulating the fate of ammonia in the atmosphere is the lack of a description of the bi-directional surface-atmosphere exchange. In this paper, results of an update of the surface-atmosphere exchange module DEPAC, i.e. DEPosition of Acidifying Compounds, in the chemistry...