Accumulation and transport of atmospherically deposited PFOA and PFOS in undisturbed soils downwind from a fluoropolymers factory

PFOA and PFOS are widely found PFAS components in Dutch topsoils. PFOA was emitted to the atmosphere during 1970-2012 from a fluoropolymers factory, and was deposited mainly within a radius of 50 km. For the first time, detailed concentration-depth profiles of PFOA and PFOS were measured in undisturbed soils down wind of the factory. Three...

Integrated membrane distillation-crystallization: Process design and cost estimations for seawater treatment and fluxes of single salt solutions

The goal of this research is to design an integrated membrane distillation-crystallization (MDC) process for desalination of seawater with pure water and dry salts as the only products. The process is based on a combination of membrane distillation (MD) and osmotic distillation (OD) steps with integrated crystallization. In the first MD step...

Brine treatment by a membrane distillation-crystallization (MDC) process

Determination of pyridine in soil and water samples of a polluted area

A method for the analyses of pyridine in environmental samples is described. For soil samples a distillation procedure followed by an extraction, an acidic extraction or a Soxhlet extraction can be used. For water samples a distillation procedure followed by extraction can be employed. Deuterated pyridine is used as an internal standard and the...

Alternative methods for internal quality control in research laboratories for environmental analysis: A programme for the performance evaluation of equipment, methods and staff

In analytical research laboratories, the problem of quality assurance is more difficult to solve than in laboratories devoted exclusively to routine analysis: the former usually have to deal with a much greater variety of samples and may have to develop entirely new methods of analysis. For research laboratories we have developed several...