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van der Voort, M.M. (author), Holm, K.B. (author), Kummer, P.O. (author), Teland, J.A. (author), van Doormaal, J.C.A.M. (author), Dijkers, H.P.A. (author)An important blast injury mechanism is the rupture of the lungs and the gastrointestinal tract. In explosives safety studies and threat analysis the empirical model of Bowen is often used to quantify this mechanism. The original model predicts the lethality for a person in front of a reflecting surface caused by simple Friedlander blast waves....article 2016
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Larcher, M. (author), Arrigoni, M. (author), Bedon, C. (author), van Doormaal, J.C.A.M. (author), Haberacker, C. (author), Hüsken, G. (author), Millon, O. (author), Saarenheimo, A. (author), Solomos, G. (author), Thamie, L. (author), Valsamos, G. (author), Williams, A. (author), Stolz, A. (author)The determination of the blast protection level of laminated glass windows and facades is of crucial importance, and it is normally done by using experimental investigations. In recent years numerical methods have become much more powerful also with respect to this kind of application. This paper attempts to give a first idea of a possible...article 2016
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Westerhof, T.A.T. (author), Huebner, M. (author), Ferretti, D.L. (author), van Doormaal, J.C.A.M. (author), Gebbeken, N. (author)Determination of the structural response of a structural element under blast loading is of interest to vulnerability / lethality (V/L) studies of military operations in urban terrain. These studies require a quick and easy to use method to simulate the structural response of e.g. a wall under non-uniform loading conditions. The single degree of...conference paper 2016
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van Doormaal, J.C.A.M. (author), van der Jagt, M.J. (author)The growing world population, the ongoing urbanization, the ever increasing size, height and complexity of large scale built infrastructures lead to higher risks with respect to natural and manmade threats. in case of a real incident, the number of casualties and injured people and the amount of damage is iarger, unless the resilience of the...conference paper 2015
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Bedon, C.C.K. (author), van Doormaal, J.C.A.M. (author), Haberacker, C. (author), Hüsken, G. (author), Larcher, M. (author), Millon, O. (author), Saarenheimo, A. (author), Solomos, G. (author), Stolz, A. (author), Thamie, L. (author), Valsamos, G. (author), Williams, A. (author)It is important to protect critical buildings (shopping centres, government buildings and embassies), infrastructure and utilities, train and underground stations from being damaged, destroyed or disrupted by deliberate acts of terrorism, criminal activity and malicious behaviour. Normal regulations and building guidelines do not generally take...report 2015
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Bedon, C.C.K. (author), van Doormaal, J.C.A.M. (author), Haberacker, C. (author), Hüsken, G. (author), Larcher, M. (author), Millon, O. (author), Saarenheimo, A. (author), Solomos, G. (author), Stolz, A. (author), Thamie, L. (author), Valsamos, G. (author), Williams, A. (author)The determination of the blast protection level of laminated glass windows and facades is of crucial importance, and it is normally done by using experimental investigations. In recent years numerical methods have become much more powerful also with respect to this kind of application. This report attempts to give a first idea of a possible...report 2015
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Boonacker, B. (author), van Doormaal, J.C.A.M. (author), Weerheijm, J. (author)Safety evaluation, risk assessment and decisions on prevention and protection measures require simple fast running methods. It is a challenge to develop a consequence analysis method that is relatively simple, but still has the ability to discern between different cases, scenarios and buildings. In the past years, TNO has participated in the FP7...conference paper 2014
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Bedon, C.C.K. (author), van Doormaal, J.C.A.M. (author), Haberacker, C. (author), Hüsken, G. (author), Larcher, M. (author), Saarenheimo, A. (author), Solomos, G. (author), Stolz, A. (author), Thamie, L. (author), Valsamos, G. (author)It is important to protect critical buildings (shopping centres, government buildings and embassies), infrastructure and utilities, train and underground stations against being damaged, destroyed or disrupted by deliberate acts of terrorism, criminal activity and malicious behaviour. Normal regulations and building guidelines do not generally...report 2014
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C, K. (author), van Doormaal, J.C.A.M. (author), Haberacker, C. (author), Hüsken, G. (author), Larcher, M. (author), Saarenheimo, A. (author), Solomos, G. (author), Stolz, A. (author), Thamie, L. (author), Bedon, C. (author)It is important to protect critical buildings (shopping centres, government buildings and embassies), infrastructure and utilities, train and underground stations against being damaged, destroyed or disrupted by deliberate acts of terrorism, criminal activity and malicious behaviour. Normal regulations and building guidelines do not generally...report 2014
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Kevin, C. (author), van Doormaal, J.C.A.M. (author), Haberacker, C. (author), Hüsken, G. (author), Larcher, M. (author), Saarenheimo, A. (author), Solomos, G. (author), Stolz, A. (author), Thamie, L. (author), Valsamos, G. (author)It is important to protect critical buildings (shopping centres, government buildings and embassies), infrastructure and utilities, train and underground stations against being damaged, destroyed or disrupted by deliberate acts of terrorism, criminal activity and malicious behaviour. Normal regulations and building guidelines do not generally...report 2013
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Teland, J.A. (author), van Doormaal, J.C.A.M. (author)Blast waves from explosions can cause lethal injuries to humans. Development of injury criteria has been ongoing for many years, but with the main focus on free field conditions. However, with terrorist actions as a new threat, explosions in urban areas have become of much more interest. Urban areas provide a complex environment for blast wave...conference paper 2012
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van Doormaal, J.C.A.M. (author), Weerheijm, J. (author), van het Veld, B.F.P. (author), Boonacker, B. (author)SPIRIT is an acronym for Safety and Protection of built Infrastructure to Resist Integral Threats. Within the 7th framework of the EU, the SPIRIT consortium was formed to bring the required expertise regarding protection of infrastructure against terrorist threats together, to make these commonly available and to find solutions that can be...conference paper 2012
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Teland, J.A. (author), van Doormaal, J.C.A.M. (author), van der Horst, M.J. (author), Svinsas, E. (author)Models for calculating human injury from a blast wave are examined. The Axelsson BTD model is able to give injury estimates also for complex shock waves, but is difficult to use in practise since it requires input from four pressure sensors on a BTD (Blast Test Device) in the specific location. To find the injury in other places, a new...report 2011
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- van Doormaal, J.C.A.M. (author), Verhagen, T.L.A. (author), Mediavilla Varas, J. (author), Luyten, J.M. (author) conference paper 2011
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van Doormaal, J.C.A.M. (author), Nöldgen, M. (author), van Deursen, J.R. (author), Weerheijm, J. (author)Terrorist attacks by bombing (E) or Chemical, Biological or Radiological (CBR)-agents are threats with a low probability but with disastrous consequences. There is strong need to protect people, the societal community and critical infrastructures and utilities against being damaged, destroyed or disrupted by deliberate acts of terrorism....conference paper 2011
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- van Doormaal, J.C.A.M. (author), Luyten, J.M. (author), Mediavilla Varas, J. (author) conference paper 2011
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van Doormaal, J.C.A.M. (author), van der Horst, M.J. (author)In risk analysis tools it is desirable to have quick modules for estimating the injury and lethality due to blast. The current injury models however are too cumbersome. Both the Axelsson model and the Stuhmiller model require the input of four full pressure-time curves, which are to be measured with a so-called BTD. Next a full response...conference paper 2010
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Teland, J.A. (author), van Doormaal, J.C.A.M. (author), van der Horst, M.J. (author), Svinsås, E. (author)Blast injury models, like Axelsson and Stuhmiller, require four pressure signals as input. Those pressure signals must be acquired by a Blast Test Device (BTD) that has four pressure transducers placed in a horizontal plane at intervals of 90 degrees. This can be either in a physical test setup or in a numerical environment. However, using a BTD...conference paper 2010
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Teich, M. (author), Gebbeken, N. (author), Lööf, A. (author), van Doormaal, J.C.A.M. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)International terrorism has increased the interest in the dynamic behavior of windows under explosion loads. Windows are usually the first elements exposed to blast loading causing serious secondary threats as they can break up in sharp shards which are accelerated inwards. The University of the German Armed Forces, Munich, FOI the Swedish...conference paper 2010
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Lööf, A. (author), van Doormaal, J.C.A.M. (author), Teich, M. (author), TNO Defensie en Veiligheid (author)Research into window behaviour under explosion loads and the possibilities to protect against the hazards of window failure has been carried out at the University of the German Armed Forces, Munich, FOI the Swedish Defence Research Agency andTNO Defence, Security and Safety. In this joint paper, the work of the three institutes is presented and...conference paper 2010
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