Atomic fluctuations lifting the energy degeneracy in Si/SiGe quantum dots

Electron spins in Si/SiGe quantum wells suffer from nearly degenerate conduction band valleys, which compete with the spin degree of freedom in the formation of qubits. Despite attempts to enhance the valley energy splitting deterministically, by engineering a sharp interface, valley splitting fluctuations remain a serious problem for qubit...

Coherent spin-spin coupling mediated by virtual microwave photons

We report the coherent coupling of two electron spins at a distance via virtual microwave photons. Each spin is trapped in a silicon double quantum dot at either end of a superconducting resonator, achieving spin-photon couplings up to around gs/2π = 40 MHz. As the two spins are brought into resonance with each other, but detuned from the...

A 6-to-8GHz 0.17mW/Qubit Cryo-CMOS Receiver for Multiple Spin Qubit Readout in 40nm CMOS Technology

Quantum computers (QC) promise to solve certain computational problems exponentially faster than a classical computer due to the superposition and entanglement properties of quantum bits (qubits). Among several qubit technologies, spin qubits are a promising candidate for large-scale QC, since (1) they have a small footprint allowing them to be...

On-Chip Microwave Filters for High-Impedance Resonators with Gate-Defined Quantum Dots

Circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED) employs superconducting microwave resonators as quantum buses. In circuit QED with semiconductor quantum-dot-based qubits, increasing the resonator impedance is desirable as it enhances the coupling to the typically small charge dipole moment of these qubits. However, the gate electrodes necessary to form...

Rapid gate-based spin read-out in silicon using an on-chip resonator

Silicon spin qubits are one of the leading platforms for quantum computation1,2. As with any qubit implementation, a crucial requirement is the ability to measure individual quantum states rapidly and with high fidelity. Since the signal from a single electron spin is minute, the different spin states are converted to different charge states3,4....

Embedding silicon spin qubits in superconducting circuits

We demonstrate the strong coupling between a single electron spin in silicon and a single photon in a superconducting microwave cavity. Using the same cavity we perform rapid high-fidelity single-shot readout of two-electron spin states.

Strong spin-photon coupling in silicon

Long coherence times of single spins in silicon quantum dots make these systems highly attractive for quantum computation, but how to scale up spin qubit systems remains an open question. As a first step to address this issue, we demonstrate the strong coupling of a single electron spin and a single microwave photon. The electron spin is trapped...

Atmospheric aerosol characterization with the Dutch-Chinese FAST formation flying mission

Large current uncertainties in the characteristics of aerosols in the Earth's atmosphere preclude meaningful climate model evaluation. The FAST mission will contribute to the characterization of aerosols and their relation to climate change through a synoptic evaluation of local, regional and global aerosol data and altitude profiles of the...

Repeated dose oral toxicological evaluation of concentrated barley β-glucan in CD-1 mice including a recovery phase

The cholesterol-lowering effect observed following consumption of oats and barley is attributable to the β-glucan component of the soluble fiber fraction of these cereal grains. β-Glucan has also been reported to modulate immune activity, however, few studies have evaluated the hematological effects of β-glucan following oral exposure. In the...