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Luo, X. (author), Grossbichler, M. (author), Waschl, H. (author), Donkers, M.C.F. (author), de Jager, B. (author), Willems, F.P.T. (author)When controlled in an open-loop fashion, both stationary and dynamical diesel engine performance can deteriorate due to disturbances. Although cycle-to-cycle fuel injection control has the potential of reducing the performance degradation by manipulating the fueling profile in real time, this potential has not been thoroughly studied. This is...article 2021
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Vlaswinkel, M.G. (author), de Jager, B. (author), Willems, F.P.T. (author)Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs) are getting more complex in order to meet the limits set by tightening emission regulations. As a result, the control problem of ICEs is also getting more complex, due to an increased number of subsystems and actuators. In this paper, an input-output scaling and pairing procedure based on measured input-output...conference paper 2021
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de Jonge, V. (author), Indrajuana, A.P. (author), Willems, F.P.T. (author)Worldwide, the maritime shipping sector accounts for 2.9% of all greenhouse gas emissions (4th IMO GHG study). In the 72th Marine Environment Protection Committee session in April 2018, a first milestone was achieved in the IMO greenhouse gas (GHG) roadmap. The industry agreed to an overarching objective of reducing GHG emissions by at least 50%...report 2021
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van der Weijst, R. (author), van Keulen, T. (author), Willems, F.P.T. (author)Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is an often applied mechanism to suppress the emission of NOx in Diesel engines. EGR however, induces a pumping-loss, which reduces the fuel efficiency of the engine. The corresponding control problem is to track a reference EGR fraction, while simultaneously using the available actuators to minimize pumping-loss....conference paper 2019
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Mentink, P. (author), Escobar Valdivieso, D. (author), Forrai, A. (author), Willems, F.P.T. (author)Motivated by automotive emission legislations, a Virtual NOx sensor is developed. This virtual sensor consists of a realtime, phenomenological model that computes engine-out NOx by using the measured in-cylinder pressure signal from a single cylinder as its main input. The implementation is made on a Field Programmable Gate Array–Central...conference paper 2019
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Constrained multivariable extremum-seeking for online fuel-efficiency optimization of Diesel enginesvan der Weijst, R. (author), van Keulen, T. (author), Willems, F.P.T. (author)This work presents a new method for online fuel-efficiency optimization of Diesel engines, using constrained extremum-seeking. A two-input optimization problem, which is suitable for extremum-seeking, is integrated into a tracking control system. As a result, both air-path and fuel-path actuators are used for tracking and extremum-seeking. A key...article 2019
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van der Weijst, R. (author), van Keulen, T. (author), Willems, F.P.T. (author)Advanced control concepts are required to maximize the fuel-efficiency of Diesel engines and to comply with emission legislation. The aim of this paper is to develop a controller that fully utilizes the fuel-path and air-path hardware, and is adaptive for real-world disturbances. The control design comprises a feedback control system, which uses...conference paper 2018
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- Willems, F.P.T. (author) conference paper 2018
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Mora, J. (author), Willems, F.P.T. (author), Seykens, X.L.J. (author), Guardiola, C. (author)The most recent regulation for diesel engines with regards to NOx emissions and SCR systems considers stringent OBD requirements. In this paper, an observer of the ageing state is developed considering NO, NO2 and NH3 concentrations, the surface coverage ratio θNH3, and the ammonia storage capacity Ω as states. The observer is based on an...article 2018
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Luo, X. (author), Donkers, M.C.F. (author), de Jager, B. (author), Willems, F.P.T. (author)Due to varying in-cylinder conditions, cyclic combustion variation leads to fluctuating and deteriorated diesel engine performance. In this letter, we study both the deterministic and the stochastic cyclic variation of a closed-loop controlled combustion process with a cycleto-cycle fuel injection controller using in-cylinder pressure...article 2018
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Feru, E. (author), Goyal, S. (author), Willems, F.P.T. (author)In this study, a methodology for optimal sizing of waste heat recovery (WHR) systems is presented. It deals with dynamic engine conditions. This study focuses on Euro-VI truck applications with a mechanically coupled Organic Rankine Cycle-based WHR system. An alternating optimization architecture is developed for optimal system sizing and...bookPart 2018
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Luo, X. (author), Velayutham, S. (author), Willems, F.P.T. (author)Closed-loop combustion control helps to achieve precise fuel injection and robust engine performance against disturbances. The controller design complexity increases greatly with larger number of fuel injection pulses due to the coupled influence of changing individual pulse on the combustion process. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate...conference paper 2017
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van der Weijst, R. (author), van Keulen, T. (author), Willems, F.P.T. (author)In the context of model-free optimization of dynamic nonlinear multiple-input-single-output (MISO) systems using extremum-seeking (ES), accurate and fast derivative estimation of the systems steady-state performance map is essential. This paper presents a generalized derivative estimator (DE) framework for unknown MISO static maps. To this...article 2017
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- Willems, F.P.T. (author) public lecture 2017
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Kulah, S. (author), Forrai, A. (author), Rentmeester, F. (author), Donkers, T. (author), Willems, F.P.T. (author)The robustness of a new single-cylinder pressure sensor concept is experimentally demonstrated on a six-cylinder heavy-duty diesel engine. Using a single-cylinder pressure sensor and a crank angle sensor, this single-cylinder pressure sensor concept estimates the in-cylinder pressure traces in the remaining cylinders by applying a real-time,...article 2017
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Hommen, G. (author), Ramachandran, S. (author), Ramesh, S. (author), Feru, E. (author), Seykens, X. (author), Willems, F.P.T. (author)Heavy duty diesel vehicles compliant with current Euro VI／EPA13 emission limits employ aftertreatment systems based on DOC／DPF technology for soot and particulate matter reduction and SCR catalysts with urea dosing for NOx reduction．Traditionally，the majority of the control systems used for urea dosing are map based．However，increasing system...article 2017
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Feru, E. (author), Murgovski, N. (author), de Jager, B. (author), Willems, F.P.T. (author)This paper presents an integrated energy and emission management strategy, called Integrated Power- train Control(IPC), for an Euro-VI diesel engine with an electrified waste heat recovery system. This strategy optimizes the CO – NOx 2 trade-off by minimizing the operational costs associated with fuel consumption, AdBlue dosage,and active...article 2016
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Luo, X. (author), Donkers, M.C.F. (author), de Jager, A.G. (author), Willems, F.P.T. (author)Multi-pulse fuel injection in diesel engines enables a large flexibility in controlling the fueling profile, such that the engine performance can be maintained subject to disturbances, i.e., ambient condition changes and fuel injection deviations. Based on linearized systems, current fuel injection controller synthesis methods do not consider...conference paper 2016
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Donkers, M.C.F. (author), van Schijndel, J. (author), Heemels, W.P.M.H. (author), Willems, F.P.T. (author)Integrated Emission Management (IEM) is a supervisory control strategy that minimises operational costs (consisting of fuel and AdBlue) for diesel engines with an aftertreatment system, while satisfying emission constraints imposed by legislation. In most work on IEM, a suboptimal heuristic real-time implementable solution is used, which is...article 2016
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Indrajuana, A. (author), Bekdemir, C. (author), Luo, X. (author), Willems, F.P.T. (author)Advanced combustion concepts such as Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) demonstrate very high thermal efficiencies combined with ultra low NOx emissions. As RCCI is sensitive for operating conditions, closed-loop control is a crucial enabler for stable and robust combustion. The feedback design is complex due to the coupling...conference paper 2016