Dry deposition of ammonia in a coastal dune area: Measurements and modeling

Ammonia deposition is a threat to many natural ecosystems, including coastal dune areas, because of eutrophication and acidification. Direct measurements of ammonia fluxes are nevertheless scarce. In this paper we present a full year of measurements to derive the ammonia dry deposition flux in a Dutch coastal dune ecosystem, based on the...

Measuring atmospheric ammonia with remote sensing campaign: Part 1: Characterisation of vertical ammonia concentration profile in the centre of The Netherlands

Ammonia (NH3) is difficult to monitor at atmospheric concentrations due its high solubility and reac-tivity and the strong spatial and temporal variations of its concentrations. Monitoring is mostly per-formed using passive samplers or filter packs with daily coverage at best. Only at a few sites ammonia is measured with more expensive wet...

Curriculum vitae of the LOTOS–EUROS (v2.0) chemistry transport model

The development and application of chemistry transpor tmodels has a long tradition. Within the Netherlands the LOTOS–EUROS model has been developed by a consortium of institutes, after combining its independently developed predecessors in 2005. Recently, version 2.0 of the model was released as an open-source version. This paper presents the...

Non-stomatal exchange in ammonia dry deposition models: comparison of two state-of-the-art approaches

Abstract. The accurate representation of bidirectional ammonia (NH3/ biosphere–atmosphere exchange is an important part of modern air quality models. However, the cuticular(or external leaf surface) pathway, as well as other non-stomatal ecosystem surfaces, still pose a major challenge to translating our knowledge into models. Dynamic...

Berekenen van stikstofdepositie over Duitsland

Stikstofdepositie in Duitsland wordt berekend met het verbeterde Lotos-Euros model. Verdere detaillering van weersafhankelijke emissiepatronen is nodig om de depositiekaarten te verfijnen

Evaluating 4 years of atmospheric ammonia (NH3) over Europe using IASI satellite observations and LOTOS-EUROS model results

Monitoring ammonia (NH3) concentrations on a global to regional scale is a challenge. Due to the limited availability of reliable ground-based measurements, the determination of NH3 distributions generally relies on model calculations. Novel remotely sensed NH3burdens provide valuable insights to complement traditional assessments for clear-sky...

Impact of emission changes on secondary inorganic aerosol episodes across Germany

In this study, the response of secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA) concentrations to changes in precursor emissions during high PM10 episodes over central Europe in spring 2009 was investigated with the Eulerian Chemistry Transport Model (CTM) REM-Calgrid (RCG). The model performed well in capturing the temporal variation of PM10 and SIA...

Towards a climate-dependent paradigm of ammonia emission and deposition

Existing descriptions of bi-directional ammonia (NH3) land–atmosphere exchange incorporate temperature and moisture controls, and are beginning to be used in regional chemical transport models. However, such models have typically applied simpler emission factors to upscale the main NH3 emission terms. While this approach has successfully...

Nieuwe schatting van de hoeveelheid zeetzout in PM10

Verbeterde metingen en een verbeterd model zijn gebruikt om een meer betrouwbare schatting van de zeezoutconcentraties in PM10 te maken. Als gevolg hiervan gaat de zeezoutaftrek naar beneden voor zowel de jaargemiddelde concentratie als het aantal overschrijdingsdagen

Assessment of the level of sea salt in PM10 in the Netherlands

Assessment of the level of sea salt in PM10 in the Netherlands Effect on yearly average and exceedance days The European air quality directive allows the subtraction of natural contributions from the levels of PM10. In 2005 a regulation for sea salt was implemented in Dutch legislation. The sea salt levels in this regulation now appear to be too...

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Modeling the distribution of ammonia across Europe including bi-directional surface-atmosphere exchange

A large shortcoming of current chemistry transport models (CTM) for simulating the fate of ammonia in the atmosphere is the lack of a description of the bi-directional surface-atmosphere exchange. In this paper, results of an update of the surface-atmosphere exchange module DEPAC, i.e. DEPosition of Acidifying Compounds, in the chemistry...