Cross-Species Comparison of Genes Related to Nutrient Sensing Mechanisms Expressed along the Intestine

Introduction: Intestinal chemosensory receptors and transporters are able to detect food-derived molecules and are involved in the modulation of gut hormone release. Gut hormones play an important role in the regulation of food intake and the control of gastrointestinal functioning. This mechanism is often referred to as ‘‘nutrient sensing’’....

Instrument and process independent binning and baseline correction methods for liquid chromatography-high resolution-mass spectrometry deconvolution

Setting appropriate bin sizes to aggregate hyphenated high-resolution mass spectrometry data, belonging to similar mass over charge (m/. z) channels, is vital to metabolite quantification and further identification. In a high-resolution mass spectrometer when mass accuracy (ppm) varies as a function of molecular mass, which usually is the case...

Visualization and identification of health space, based on personalized molecular phenotype and treatment response to relevant underlying biological processes

Background: Being able to visualize multivariate biological treatment effects can be insightful. However the axes in visualizations are often solely defined by variation and thus have no biological meaning. This makes the effects of treatment difficult to interpret. Methods: A statistical visualization method is presented, which analyses and...

Equating, or correction for between-block effects with application to body fluid LC-MS and NMR metabolomics data sets

Combination of data sets from different objects (for example, from two groups of healthy volunteers from the same population) that were measured on a common set of variables (for example, metabolites or peptides) is desirable for statistical analysis in "omics" studies because it increases power. However, this type of combination is not directly...

Sensitivity of 1H NMR analysis of rat urine in relation to toxicometabonomics. Part I: Dose-dependent toxic fffects of Bromobenzene and paracetamol

1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of rat urine in combination with pattern recognition analysis was evaluated for early noninvasive detection of toxicity of investigational chemical entities. Bromobenzene (B) and paracetamol (P) were administered at five single oral dosages between 2 and 500 mg/kg and between 6 and 1800 mg/kg,...

Uniform procedure of 1H NMR analysis of rat urine and toxicometabonomics Part II: Comparison of NMR profiles classification of hepatotoxicity

A procedure of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) urinalysis using pattern recognition is proposed for early detection of toxicity of investigational compounds in rats. The method is applied to detect toxicity upon administration of 13 toxic reference compounds and one nontoxic control compound (mianserine) in rats. The toxic compounds are...

Integrative Biological Analysis of the APOE*3-Leiden Transgenic Mouse

Integrative (or systems biology) is a new approach to analyzing biological entities as integrated systems of genetic, genomic, protein, metabolite, cellular, and pathway events that are in flux and interdependent. Here, we demonstrate the application of intregrative biological analysis to a mammalian disease model, the apolipoprotein E3-Leiden ...

Methods for the differential integrative omic analysis of plasma from a transgenic disease animal model

Multitiered quantitative analysis of biological systems is rapidly becoming the desired approach to study hierarchical functional interactions between proteins and metabolites. We describe here a novel systematic approach to analyze organisms with complex metabolic regulatory networks. By using precise analytical methods to measure biochemical...

Identification of disease- and nutrient-related metabolic fingerprints in osteoarthritic guinea pigs

Osteoarthritis (OA), one of the most common diseases among the elderly, is characterized by the progressive destruction of joint tissues. Its etiology is largely unclear and no effective disease-modifying treatment is currently available. Metabolic fingerprinting provides a novel tool for the identification of biomarkers. A metabolic fingerprint...

1H-NMR spectroscopy combined with pattern recognition analysis reveals characteristic chemical patterns in urines of MS patients and non-human primates with MS-like disease

Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy in combination with pattern recognition techniques were used to investigate the composition of organic compounds in urines from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), patients with other neurological diseases (OND) and healthy controls (H). Using a valid animal model of MS, namely the...

Flavour stability of pilsener beer

Proton-NMR spectroscopy of urine as a new diagnostic tool in central nervous system diseases

Effect of short-term dietary administration of eugenol in humans

1. In order to study the antigenotoxic potential of eugenol in humans, ten healthy non-smoking males ingested a daily amount of 150 mg eugenol or the placebo for seven consecutive days. After a washout period of one week, groups ingesting eugenol or the placebo were crossed and received the other treatment for seven consecutive days. 2. On days...

Detection of adulteration in orange juices by a new screening method using proton NMR spectroscopy in combination with pattern recognition techniques

This paper describes the application of proton NMR spectroscopy as a screening tool for the determination of the authenticity of orange juices. Principal component and discriminant analyses were used to discriminate between authentic and nonauthentic (suspect) samples. In one set of profiles, additions of sucrose, beet medium invert sugar,...

Partial linear fit: A new NMR spectroscopy preprocessing tool for pattern recognition applications

NMR spectroscopy is increasingly used in combination with multivariate analysis applications. Especially in the analysis of food products and the study of natural processes it has proved its usefulness. The samples used in these evaluations are however, often difficult to control. 'Positional' shifts of peaks due to differences in pH and other...

Application of proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and multivariate analysis as an indirect screening method for monitoring the illegal use of growth promoters

Random amplified polymorphic DNA and restriction enzyme analysis of PCR amplified rDNA in taxonomy: Two identification techniques for food-borne yeasts

The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay and the restriction enzyme analysis of PCR amplified rDNA are compared for the identification of the common spoilage yeasts Zygosaccharomyces bailii, Z. rouxii, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida valida and C. lipolytica. Both techniques proved to be adequate tools for yeast identification. Since...