Taming the eHMI jungle A classification taxonomy to guide compare and assess the design principles of automated vehicles external human-machine interfaces

The impact of force feedback level on steering performance

Steer-by-wire systems provide designers the ability to customize and personalize force feedback on the steering wheel, based on individual preferences. Earlier studies using subjective responses have shown that there are individual differences in preferences for force feedback. It has also been found that perceived comfort and control vary with...

The effect of cognitive load on adaptation to differences in steering wheel force feedback level

In an earlier study it was found that drivers can adjust quickly to different force feedback levels on the steering wheel, even for such extreme levels as zero feedback. It was hypothesized that, due to lack of cognitive load, participants could easily and quickly learn how to deal with extreme force feedback settings by giving more effort. The...

Impact of feedback torque level on perceived comfort and control in steer-by-wire systems

Steer-by-Wire systems enable designers to offer completely personalized steering feel to drivers, unlike existing steering systems that offer limited or no personalization. In this paper we focus on feedback torque level, a significant factor for steering feel. Earlier studies indicate that the preferred feedback torque level may be related to...

Individual Differences in Preferred Steering Effort for Steer by Wire Systems

Steer-by-wire systems provide drivers with the opportunity to personalize steering settings in vehicles. Studies conducted in the past have indicated that preferences for steering effort, one of the factors which affect steering feel, vary based on individual differences that include factors such as age, gender and driving style. These...

Human factors in automotive innovation

Many automotive innovations affect the driver's task and/or the driving experience. In this paper we argue that successful innovation in these cases requires that due attention is given to Human Factors issues in the course of the innovation process. We support this claim by examples from several recent and ongoing innovation projects. To...