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Anthropometry, physical activity, and endometrial cancer risk: Results from the Netherlands Cohort Study

Schouten, L.J. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), van den Brandt, P.A. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

Although obesity is an established risk factor for endometrial cancer, evidence linking risk to height, weight change since age 20, and physical activity is limited. In this case-cohort study, 62 573 women from The Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer were followed up from 1986 to 1995, and 226 endometrial cancer case patients were...

article 2004

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Bioavailability of selenium from fish, yeast and selenate: A comparative study in humans using stable isotopes

Fox, T.E. (author), van den Heuvel, E.G.H.M. (author), Atherton, C.A. (author), Dainty, J.R. (author), Lewis, D.J. (author), Langford, N.J. (author), Crews, H.M. (author), Luten, J.B. (author), Lorentzen, M. (author), Sieling, F.W. (author), van Aken-Schneyder, P. (author), Hoek, M. (author), Kotterman, M.J.J. (author), van Dael, P. (author), Firweather-Tail, S.J. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

Objective: To measure the bioavailability of selenium from cooked and raw fish in humans by estimating and comparing apparent absorption and retention of selenium in biosynthetically labelled fish with labelled selenate and biosynthetically labelled selenium in brewers yeast. Design: The intervention study was a parallel, randomised, reference...

article 2004

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Biochemical and molecular characterization of Lactobacillus reuteri 121 reuteransucrase

Kralj, S. (author), van Geel-Schutten, G.H. (author), van der Maarel, M.J.E.C. (author), Dijkhuizen, L. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

Lactobacillus reuteri strain 121 uses sucrose for synthesis of a unique, soluble glucan ('reuteran') with mainly α-(1→4) glucosidic linkages. The gene (gtfA) encoding this glucansucrase enzyme had previously been characterized. Here, a detailed biochemical and molecular analysis of the GTFA enzyme is presented. This is believed to be the first...

article 2004

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The 4G-allele of the PAI-1 gene is not consistently associated with a higher prevalence of coronary stenosis

ter Bogt, N.C.W. (author), Hoekstra, T. (author), Roest, M. (author), van de Vijver, L.P.L. (author), Verhoef, P. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

article 2004

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Embryotoxicity and teratogenicity study with neohesperidin dihydrochalcone in rats

Waalkens-Berendsen, D.H. (author), Kuilman-Wahls, M.E.M. (author), Bär, A. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

The embryotoxicity/teratogenicity of neohesperidin dihydrochalcone (NHDC) was examined in Wistar Crl:(WI)WU BR rats. NHDC was fed at dietary concentrations of 0, 1.25, 2.5 or 5 to groups of 28 mated female rats from day 0 to 21 of gestation. At Cesarean section 25, 22, 23, and 23 rats were found to be pregnant in the control, low-, mid-, and...

article 2004

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Glucan synthesis in the genus Lactobacillus: Isolation and characterization of glucansucrase genes, enzymes and glucan products from six different strains

Kralj, S. (author), van Geel-Schutten, G.H. (author), Dondorff, M.M.G. (author), Kirsanovs, S. (author), van der Maarel, M.J.E.C. (author), Dijkhuizen, L. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

Members of the genera Streptococcus and Leuconostoc synthesize various α-glucans (dextran, alternan and mutan). In Lactobacillus, until now, the only glucosyltransferase (GTF) enzyme that has been characterized is gtfA of Lactobacillus reuteri 121, the first GTF enzyme synthesizing a glucan (reuteran) that contains mainly α-(1 → 4) linkages...

article 2004

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Bioavailability of tryptophan from a single oral dose of a trytophan-enriched peptide mixture in healthy men

Brink, E.J. (author), Boelsma, E. (author), Steijns, J. (author), Hendriks, H.F.J. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

The aim of the study was to investigate the bioavailability of tryptophan (Trp) from a Trp-enriched peptide mixture in healthy men. A second objective was to investigate the effect of this Trp-enriched protein hydrolysate on potential parameters of serotonergic activity. serum serotonim melatonin and prolactin and urinary 5-hydroxyindol-acetic...

article 2004

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Immunochemical study of DNA modifications in the nuclei of UV-damaged lymphocytes

Snopov, S.A. (author), de Gruijl, F.R. (author), Roza, L. (author), van der Leun, J.C. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

Studies of UV-induced skin cancers show that malignisation of skin cells, as well as alterations in anti-tumor immune control, are triggered by UV-induced lesions in cellular DNA. Such lesions can probably appear in the human mononuclear leukocytes (lymphocytes) during exposure of skin to sunlight. With the aim of studying the processing of UV...

article 2004

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Dairy foods, calcium, and colorectal cancer: A pooled analysis of 10 cohort studies

Cho, E. (author), Smith-Warner, S.A. (author), Spiegelman, D. (author), Beeson, W.L. (author), van den Brandt, P.A. (author), Colditz, G.A. (author), Folsom, A.R. (author), Fraser, G.E. (author), Freudenheim, J.L. (author), Giovannucci, E. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), Graham, S. (author), Miller, A.B. (author), Pietinen, P. (author), Potter, J.D. (author), Rohan, T.E. (author), Terry, P. (author), Toniolo, P. (author), Virtanen, M.J. (author), Willet, W.C. (author), Wolk, A. (author), Wu, K. (author), Yaun, S.-S. (author), Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, A. (author), Hunter, D.J. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

Background: Studies in animals have suggested that calcium may reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. However, results from epidemiologic studies of intake of calcium or dairy foods and colorectal cancer risk have been inconclusive. Methods: We pooled the primary data from 10 cohort studies in five countries that assessed usual dietary intake by...

article 2004

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Dietary Carotenoids and Risk of Lung Cancer in a Pooled Analysis of Seven Cohort Studies

Männistö, S. (author), Smith-Warner, S.A. (author), Spiegelman, D. (author), Albanes, D. (author), Anderson, K. (author), van den Brandt, P.A. (author), Cerhan, J.R. (author), Colditz, G. (author), Feskanich, D. (author), Freudenheim, J.L. (author), Giovannucci, E. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), Graham, S. (author), Miller, A.B. (author), Rohan, T.E. (author), Virtamo, J. (author), Willett, W.C. (author), Hunter, D.J. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

Intervention trials with supplemental β-carotene have observed either no effect or a harmful effect on lung cancer risk. Because food composition databases for specific carotenoids have only become available recently, epidemiological evidence relating usual dietary levels of these carotenoids with lung cancer risk is limited. We analyzed the...

article 2004

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Biochemical and molecular characerization of a levansucrase from Lactobacillus reuteri

van Hijum, S.A.F.T. (author), Szalowska, E. (author), van der Maarel, M.J.E.C. (author), Dijkhuizen, L. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

Lactobacillus reuteri strain 121 employs a fructosyltransferase (FTF) to synthesize a fructose polymer [a fructan of the levan type, with β(2→6) linkages] from sucrose or raffinose. Purification of this FTF (a levansucrase), and identification of peptide amino acid sequences, allowed isolation of the first Lactobacillus levansucrase gene (lev),...

article 2004

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Amino acid-catalysed retroaldol condensation: The production of natural benzaldehyde and other flavour compounds

Wolken, W.A.M. (author), Tramper, J. (author), van der Werf, M.J. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

The amino acid-catalysed retroaldol condensation previously described for citral has been extended to other α,β -unsaturated aldehydes. In the presence of glycine and an elevated pH, six other α,β-unsaturated aldehydes also underwent retroaldol condensation. Crotonaldehyde, as well as its proposed intermediate, aldol, were converted into...

article 2004

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APC mutations in sporadic coloretal carcinomas from The Netherlands Cohort Study

Lüchtenborg, M. (author), Weijenberg, M.P. (author), Roemen, G.M.J.M. (author), de Bruïne, A.P. (author), van den Brandt, P.A. (author), Lentjes, M.H.F.M. (author), Brink, M. (author), van Engeland, M. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), de Goeij, A.F.P.M. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

The adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene is considered to be a gatekeeper in colorectal tumourigenesis. Inactivating mutations in APC have been reported in 34-70% of sporadic colorectal cancer patients, the majority of which occur in the mutation cluster region (MCR). In this study, tumour tissue from 665 incident colorectal cancer patients,...

article 2004

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Calcium measurements in living filamentous fungi expressing codon-optimized aequorin

Nelson, G. (author), Kozlova-Zwinderman, O. (author), Collis, A.J. (author), Knight, M.R. (author), Fincham, J.R.S. (author), Stanger, C.P. (author), Renwick, A. (author), Hessing, J.G.M. (author), Punt, P.J. (author), van den Hondel, C.A.M.J.J. (author), Read, N.D. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

Calcium signalling is little understood in filamentous fungi largely because easy and routine methods for calcium measurement in living hyphae have previously been unavailable. We have developed the recombinant aequorin method for this purpose. High levels of aequorin expression were obtained in Neurospora crassa, Aspergillus niger and...

article 2004

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Alcohol and ovarian cancer risk: Results from the Netherlands Cohort Study

Schouten, L.J. (author), Zeegers, M.P.A. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), van den Brandt, P.A. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

Objective: To study alcohol consumption in relation to ovarian cancer risk in a prospective cohort study. Methods: The Netherlands Cohort Study on diet and cancer was initiated in 1986. A self-administered questionnaire on dietary habits and other risk factors for cancer was completed by 62,573 postmenopausal women. Follow-up for cancer was...

article 2004

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Characterization of Pea Vicilin. 1. Denoting Convicilin as the α-Subunit of the Pisum Vicilin Family

O'Kane, F.E. (author), Happe, R.P. (author), Vereijken, J.M. (author), Gruppen, H. (author), van Boekel, M.A.J.S. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

Vicilin, a major globulin protein of pea that has been described as "extremely heterogeneous in terms of its polypeptide composition", was extracted from pea flour under alkaline conditions and subsequently fractionated by salt under acid conditions. This procedure induced the separation of vicilin into two fractions, which, after purification,...

article 2004

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Assessment of the safety of foods derived from genetically modified (GM) crops

König, A. (author), Cockburn, A. (author), Crevel, R.W.R. (author), Debruyne, E. (author), Grafstroem, R. (author), Hammerling, U. (author), Kimber, I. (author), Knudsen, I. (author), Kuiper, H.A. (author), Peijnenburg, A.A.C.M. (author), Penninks, A.H. (author), Poulsen, M. (author), Schauzu, M. (author), Wal, J.M. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

This paper provides guidance on how to assess the safety of foods derived from genetically modified crops (GM crops); it summarises conclusions and recommendations of Working Group 1 of the ENTRANSFOOD project. The paper provides an approach for adapting the test strategy to the characteristics of the modified crop and the introduced trait, and...

article 2004

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Characterization of anti-inflammatory compounds using transcriptions, proteomics, and metabolics in combination with multivariate data analysis

Verhoeckx, K.C.M. (author), Bijlsma, S. (author), Jespersen, S. (author), Ramaker, R. (author), Verheij, E.R. (author), Witkamp, R.F. (author), van der Greef, J. (author), Rodenburg, R.J.T. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

The discovery of new anti-inflammatory drugs is often based on an interaction with a specific target, although other pathways often play a primary or secondary role. Anti-inflammatory drugs can be categorized into classes, based on their mechanism of action. In this article we investigate the possibility to characterize novel anti-inflammatory...

article 2004

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Ara h 8, a Bet v 1-homologous allergen from peanut, is a major allergen in patients with combined birch pollen and peanut allergy

Mittag, D. (author), Akkerdaas, J. (author), Ballmer-Weber, B.K. (author), Vogel, L. (author), Wensing, M. (author), Becker, W.M. (author), Koppelman, S.J. (author), Knulst, A.C. (author), Helbling, A. (author), Hefle, S.L. (author), van Ree, R. (author), Vieths, S. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

We recently described patients with soybean allergy mainly mediated by cross-reactivity to birch pollen allergens. A majority of those patients were reported to have peanut allergy. We sought to study the occurrence of peanut allergy in patients allergic to birch pollen and characterized the Bet v 1-homologous peanut allergen Ara h 8....

article 2004

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Oral-to-inhalation route extrapolation in occupational health risk assessment: A critical assessment

Rennen, M.A.J. (author), Bouwman, T. (author), Wilschut, A. (author), Bessems, J.G.M. (author), de Heer, C. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

Due to a lack of route-specific toxicity data, the health risks resulting from occupational exposure are frequently assessed by route-to-route (RtR) extrapolation based on oral toxicity data. Insight into the conditions for and the uncertainties connected with the application of RtR extrapolation has not been clearly described in a systematic...

article 2004