Field comparison of two novel open-path instruments that measure dry deposition and emission of ammonia using flux-gradient and eddy covariance methods

Dry deposition of ammonia (NH3) is the largest contributor to the nitrogen deposition from the atmosphere to soil and vegetation in the Netherlands, causing eutrophication and loss of biodiversity; however, data sets of NH3 fluxes are sparse and in general have monthly resolution at best. An important reason for this is that measurement of the...

Dry deposition of ammonia in a coastal dune area: Measurements and modeling

Ammonia deposition is a threat to many natural ecosystems, including coastal dune areas, because of eutrophication and acidification. Direct measurements of ammonia fluxes are nevertheless scarce. In this paper we present a full year of measurements to derive the ammonia dry deposition flux in a Dutch coastal dune ecosystem, based on the...

Observational relationships between ammonia, carbon dioxide and water vapor under a wide range of meteorological and turbulent conditions: RITA-2021 campaign (Preprint)

We present a comprehensive observational approach, aiming to establish relations between the surface-atmosphere exchange of ammonia (NH3) and the CO2 uptake and transpiration by vegetation. In doing so, we study relationships useful for the the improvement and development of NH3 flux representations and their dependences. The NH3 concentration...

Two novel open-path instruments to measure ammonia fluxes successfully compared at the Cabauw grassland site (The Netherlands)