Solid separation from a mixed suspension through electric-field-enhanced crystallization

When applied to a pure component suspension in an apolar solvent, a strong inhomogeneous electric field induces particle movement, and the particles are collected at the surface of one of the two electrodes. This new phenomenon was used to separately isolate two organic crystalline compounds, phenazine and caffeine, from their suspension in 1,4...

On the reliability of sensitivity test methods for submicrometer-sized RDX and HMX particles

Submicrometer-sized RDX and HMX crystals were produced by electrospray crystallization and submicrometer-sized RDX crystals were produced by plasma-assisted crystallization. Impact and friction sensitivity tests and ballistic impact chamber tests were performed to determine the product sensitivity. Rather than reflecting the quality of the...

Analysis of submicron-sized niflumic acid crystals prepared by electrospray crystallization

Interest in submicron-sized drug particles has emerged from both laboratory and industrial perspectives in the last decade. Production of crystals in the nano size scale offers a novel way to particles for drug formulation solving formulation problems of drugs with low solubility in class II of the Biopharmaceutical Classification System. In...

Nanoparticle generation by intensified solution crystallization using cold plasma

In this study, atmospheric pressure cold plasma (surface dielectric barrier discharge) was used as an alternative energy form to intensify solution crystallization and produce nano-sized organic crystals. Nano-sized particles can have beneficial product properties such as improved internal quality and dissolution rate, compared to conventionally...

Atmospheric pressure cold plasma synthesis of submicrometer-sized pharmaceuticals with improved physicochemical properties

A reduction in particle size is one of the strategies to enhance the dissolution behavior of low water-soluble drugs such as niflumic acid. Atmospheric pressure cold plasma crystallization is a novel technique to achieve such submicrometer particles. This technique uses a surface dielectric barrier discharge (SDBD) plasma that both charges and...

Process intensification in crystallization: Submicron particle generation using alternative energy forms

Crystallization is one of the oldest separation and product formation techniques that continues to be in use today. Despite its long history, it only started to develop significantly in the past few decades. In this thesis, the application of Process Intensification in crystallization is investigated. Process Intensification is a set of often...

Electrospray crystallization for nanosized pharmaceuticals with improved properties

Many new pharmaceuticals have low water solubility, hampering their pharmaceutical activity upon administering. One approach to increase solution concentrations during drug administration is to increase the surface-to-volume ratio by decreasing the crystal product size. Sub-micrometer-sized niflumic acid crystals were produced by electrospray...

Electrospray crystallization for high-quality submicron-sized crystals

Nano- and submicron-sized crystals are too small to contain inclusions and are, therefore, expected to have a higher internal quality compared to conventionally sized particles (several tens to hundreds of microns). Using electrospray crystallization, nano- and submicron-sized crystals can be easily produced. With the aid of electrospray...

Electrospray: A simple technique to create nanosized RDX

The sensitivity of an energetic compound is related to the crystal product quality of that material: internal defects such as inclusions can lead to unwanted initiation. Nano- and submicron sized crystals are too small to contain inclusions and therefore might be less sensitive. With a technique called electrospray crystallization nano- and...