Integrated inter-sector framework to increase the thermal resilience of European workers in the context of global warming

Modelling spatial patterns of correlations between concentrations of heavy metals in mosses and atmospheric deposition in 2010 across Europe

Background: This paper aims to investigate the correlations between the concentrations of nine heavy metals in moss and atmospheric deposition within ecological land classes covering Europe. Additionally, it is examined to what extent the statistical relations are affected by the land use around the moss sampling sites. Based on moss data...

Methane emissions in the Netherlands: The Groningen field

The Groningen natural gas field in the Netherlands – one of Europe’s major gas fields – deploys a “production cluster” infrastructure with extraction, some processing and storage in a single facility. This region is also the site of intensive agriculture and cattle operations. We present results from a multi-scale measurement campaign of methane...

Modelling and mapping heavy metal and nitrogen concentrations in moss in 2010 throughout Europe by applying Random Forests models

Objective This study explores the statistical relations between the concentration of nine heavy metals (HM) (arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), vanadium (V), zinc (Zn)), and nitrogen (N) in moss and potential explanatory variables (predictors) which were then used for mapping spatial...

Estimation of the Paris NOx emissions from mobile MAX-DOAS observations and CHIMERE model simulations during the MEGAPOLI campaign using the closed integral method

We determined NOx emissions from Paris in summer 2009 and winter 2009/2010 by applying the closed integral method (CIM) to a large set of car multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) measurements performed within the framework of the MEGAPOLI project (http://megapoli.dmi.dk/). MAX-DOAS measurements of the tropospheric...

TNO_CAMS high resolution European emission inventory 2000-2014 for anthropogenic CO2 and future years following two different pathways

The most important climate forcer over the period 1750-present is CO2 from fossil fuel combustion (IPCC, 2013). European countries that are Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) submit national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories to the Climate Change secretariat. However, these reported emissions are annual...

Curriculum vitae of the LOTOS–EUROS (v2.0) chemistry transport model

The development and application of chemistry transpor tmodels has a long tradition. Within the Netherlands the LOTOS–EUROS model has been developed by a consortium of institutes, after combining its independently developed predecessors in 2005. Recently, version 2.0 of the model was released as an open-source version. This paper presents the...

Een quick scan voor methaan emissies. Ontwikkeling van een methode om methaan uit diffuse bronnen beter te bepalen

Het broeikasgas methaan komt vrij uit diffuse bronnen zoals stortplaatsen, waterzuiveringsinstalla-ties en de veehouderij. De emissie hiervan wordt met generieke emissiefactoren berekend. Hoe representatief de berekende waarde is, is doorgaans niet bekend. In dit artikel beschrijven we een betaalbare én nauwkeurige methode die de emissie van...

Improving the modeling of road dust levels for Barcelona at urban scale and street level

Road dust emission is an emerging issue in air quality due to the lack of remediation measures in contrast to vehicle exhaust emissions. The evidence of receptor modeling studies allows for quantifying impact on a few receptors, but the high cost of PM chemical speciation data and the questionable representativeness of single monitoring sites,...

Modelling the dispersion of particle numbers in five European cities

We present an overview of the modelling of particle number concentrations (PNCs) in five major European cities, namely Helsinki, Oslo, London, Rotterdam and Athens in 2008. Novel emission inventories of particle numbers have been compiled both on urban and European scales. We used atmospheric dispersion modelling for PNCs in the five target...

Impact on air quality of measures to reduce CO2 emissions from road traffic in Basel, Rotterdam, Xi'an and Suzhou

Two traffic scenarios to reduce CO2 emissions from road traffic in two European cities (Basel and Rotterdam) and two Chinese cities (Xi'an and Suzhou) were evaluated in terms of their impact on air quality. The two scenarios, one modelling a reduction of private vehicle kilometres driven by 10% on urban streets and the other modelling the...

Roetconcentraties langs drukke binnenvaarwegen in Nederland

Verkennend onderzoek van TNO en IRAS laat zien dat bewoners langs drukke binnenvaarwegen worden blootgesteld aan roetconcentraties vergelijkbaar met wonen langs een drukke snelweg

Health benefits of traffic-related air pollution reduction in different socioeconomic groups: The effect of low-emission zoning in Rome

Few studies have assessed the effects of policies aimed to reduce traffic-related air pollution. The aims of this study were to evaluate the impact, in terms of air quality and health effects, of two low-emission zones established in Rome in the period 2001-2005 and to assess the impact by socioeconomic position (SEP) of the population. We...

Verantwoording operationalisering roetindicator in Nederland

In opdracht van het Ministerie van I&M heeft TNO in samenwerking met het RIVM, DCMR en GGD-Amsterdam een roetindicator geoperationaliseerd. De roetindicator is gebaseerd op elementair koolstof (EC) concentraties in de buitenlucht. Met deze indicator kunnen lokale overheden gezondheidsaspecten meewegen in besluitvorming over verkeersmaatregelen.

Reduced NOx and PM10 emissions on urban motorways in The Netherlands by 80km/h speed management

A speed limit of 80km/h with "strict enforcement" has been introduced in 2005 on zones of urban motorways in The Netherlands with the aim to improve air quality of NO2 and PM10 along these motorways. Strict enforcement means speed control by camera surveillance over the whole trajectory of 2-4km combined with licence plate recognition and...

Betere luchtkwaliteit door 80 km/u met strikte handhaving

In 2005 heeft Rijkswaterstaat 80 km/u met strikte handhaving ingevoerd (op een gedeelte van) de ringen van Rotterdam (A20), Amsterdam (A-10-west) en Utrecht (A12) en de A12 bij Den Haag. Doel was de luchtkwaliteit ter plaatse te verbeteren door een betere doorstroming van het verkeer. Metingen van TNO laten zien wat het effect van deze maatregel...