Formation factors of secondary PM over Germany

Overcoming Mass Transport Limitations in Electrochemical Reactors with a Pulsating Flow Electrolyzer

Electrochemical processes are a promising technology for industrial production of chemicals. One of the major drawbacks of electrochemical systems is the low mass transfer of reactants toward the active surface area of the electrode. In this paper, an approach is presented to enhance the mass transfer and increase the overall performance of the...

Development of non-intrusive in-line tomographic ultrasonic velocity meter to measure liquid rheology

The number of chemical processes transferred from a batch-wise approach to continuous flow is increasing, due

Inline monitoring of CO2 absorption processes using simple analytical techniques and multivariate modeling

The solvent and the dissolved CO2 concentrations are two essential properties of CO2 absorption processes. Currently, they are typically monitored using time-consuming offline analytical techniques. Initial development efforts aiming at a cost-effective and reliable inline monitoring system are described. Using a fractional factorial...

Online monitoring of the solvent and absorbed acid gas concentration in a CO2 capture process using monoethanolamine

method has been developed for online liquid analysis of the amine and absorbed CO2 concentrations in a postcombustion capture process using monoethanolamine (MEA) as a solvent. Online monitoring of the dynamic behavior of these parameters is important in process control and is currently achieved only using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy...

In-line monitoring of solvent and CO2 properties: preliminary assessment using design of experiment

Removing acid gases such as CO2 and H2S from a gas mixture is nowadays often done using an absorption process. Two essential operating variables of such a process are the amount of active absorbent present in the solvent mixture and the amount of absorbed acid gas. Normally, the solvent concentration and the acid gas loading are measured by...

Development of an online monitoring method of a CO2 capture process

One possible way to reduce our carbon footprint is using postcombustion capture (PCC) processes to remove CO2 from flue gases. Because of the highly dynamic characteristics of such processes, real-time performance monitoring is a very complex task. This paper presents a method for monitoring the concentrations of CO2, SOx, and a CO2 capturing...

A liquid-independent volume flow measurement principle

A novel flow measurement principle is presented enabling non-intrusive volume flow measurements of liquids in the ml/min range. It is based on an opto-acoustical time-of-flight principle, where the time interval is recorded in which a thermal label travels a known distance through a flow channel. Big advantages are the insensitivity to...

Heat transfer correlation for hexagonal and in-line arrays of impinging jets

The paper reports on the results of heat transfer measurements in hexagonal and in-line arrays of impinging jets for Reynolds numbers (based on the nozzle diameter Dm) ranging from 5 × 103 to 2 × 104. Liquid crystal thermography (LCT) was used to determine the temperature distribution on the flat impingement plate. The distance between the...

Uncovering the physics of skin protection

Having a good understanding of the physical phenomena governing the performance of CBRN protective equipment is the first step in optimizing existing or designing new equipment. Numerical simulations were conducted of the flow and mass transfer in a simplified model of permeable CBRN protective clothing material. On the basis of a comparison...