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Fuzzi, S. (author), Baltensperger, U. (author), Carslaw, K. (author), Decesari, S. (author), Denier van der Gon, H.A.C. (author), Facchini, M.C. (author), Fowler, D. (author), Koren, I. (author), Langford, B. (author), Lohmann, U. (author), Nemitz, E. (author), Pandis, S. (author), Riipinen, I. (author), Rudich, Y. (author), Schaap, M. (author), Slowik, J.G. (author), Spracklen, D.V. (author), Vignati, E. (author), Wild, M. (author), Williams, M. (author), Gilardoni, S. (author)The literature on atmospheric particulate maffer (PM), or atmospheric aerosol, has increased enormously over the last 2 decades and amounts now to some 1500—2000 papers per year in the refereed literature. This is in part due to the enormous advances in measurement technologies, which have allowed for an increasingly accurate understanding of...article 2015
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Sutton, M.A. (author), Reis, S. (author), Riddick, S.N. (author), Dragosits, U. (author), Nemitz, E. (author), Theobald, M.R. (author), Tang, Y.S. (author), Braban, C.F. (author), Vieno, M. (author), Dore, A.J. (author), Mitchell, R.F. (author), Wanless, S. (author), Daunt, F. (author), Fowler, D. (author), Blackall, T.D. (author), Milford, C. (author), Flechard, C.R. (author), Loubet, B. (author), Massad, R. (author), Cellier, P. (author), Personne, E. (author), Coheur, P.F. (author), Clarisse, L. (author), van Damme, M. (author), Ngadi, Y. (author), Clerbaux, C. (author), Skjøth, C.A. (author), Geels, C. (author), Hertel, O. (author), Kruit, R.J.W. (author), Pinder, R.W. (author), Bash, J.O. (author), Walker, J.T. (author), Simpson, D. (author), Horváth, L. (author), Misselbrook, T.H. (author), Bleeker, A. (author), Dentener, F. (author), de Vries, W. (author)Existing descriptions of bi-directional ammonia (NH3) land-atmosphere exchange incorporate temperature and moisture controls, and are beginning to be used in regional chemical transport models. However, such models have typically applied simpler emission factors to upscale the main NH3 emission terms. While this approach has successfully...article 2013
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Bleeker, A. (author), de Vries, W. (author), Dentener, F. (author), Sutton, M.A. (author), Reis, S. (author), Riddick, S.N. (author), Dragosits, U. (author), Nemitz, E. (author), Theobald, M.R. (author), Tang, Y.S. (author), Braban, C.F. (author), Vieno, M. (author), Dore, A.J. (author), Mitchell, R.F. (author), Wanless, S. (author), Daunt, F. (author), Fowler, D. (author), Blackall, T.D. (author), Milford, C. (author), Flechard, C.R. (author), Loubet, B. (author), Massad, R. (author), Cellier, P. (author), Coheur, P.F. (author), Clarisse, L. (author), van Damme, M. (author), Ngadi, Y. (author), Clerbaux, C. (author), Ambelas Skjoth, C. (author), Geels, C. (author), Hertel, O. (author), Wichink Kruit, R.J. (author), Pinder, R.W. (author), Bash, J.O. (author), Walker, J.D. (author), Simpson, D. (author), Horvath, L. (author), Misselbrook, T.H. (author)Existing descriptions of bi-directional ammonia (NH3) land–atmosphere exchange incorporate temperature and moisture controls, and are beginning to be used in regional chemical transport models. However, such models have typically applied simpler emission factors to upscale the main NH3 emission terms. While this approach has successfully...article 2013
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Erisman, J.W. (author), Vermeulen, A.T. (author), Bleeker, A. (author), Flechard, C. (author), Fowler, D. (author), Sutton, M. (author), Nemitz, E. (author), Tang, Y.S. (author), Smith, R.I. (author), Simpson, D. (author), Zhang, L. (author)Inferential models have long been used to determine pollutant dry deposition to ecosystems from measurements of air concentrations and as part of national and regional atmospheric chemistry and transport models, and yet models still suffer very large uncertainties. An inferential network of 55 sites throughout Europe for atmospheric reactive...article 2011
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Bleeker, A. (author), Fowler, D. (author), Stevens, C.J. (author), Duprè, C. (author), Dorland, E. (author), Gaudnik, C. (author), Gowing, D.J.G. (author), Diekmann, M. (author), Alard, D. (author), Corcket, E. (author), Mountford, J.O. (author), Vandvik, V. (author), Aarrestad, P.A. (author), Muller, S. (author), Dise, N.B. (author), Bobbink, R. (author)-article 2011
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Bleeker, A. (author), Fowler, D. (author), Stevens, C.J. (author), Duprè, C. (author), Dorland, E. (author), Gaudnik, C. (author), Gowing, D.J.G. (author), Diekmann, M. (author), Alard, D. (author), Corcket, E. (author), Mountford, J.O. (author), Vandvik, V. (author), Aarrestad, P.A. (author), Muller, S. (author), Dise, N.B. (author), Bobbink, R. (author)A survey of 153 acid grasslands from the Atlantic biogeographic region of Europe indicates that chronic nitrogen deposition is changing plant species composition and soil and plant-tissue chemistry. Across the deposition gradient (2e44 kg N ha_1 yr_1) grass richness as a proportion of total species richness increased whereas forb richness...article 2011
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Erisman, J.W. (author), Vermeulen, A.T. (author), Bleeker, A. (author), Flechard, C. (author), Fowler, D. (author), Sutton, M. (author), Nemitz, E. (author), Tang, Y.S. (author), Smith, R.I. (author), Simpson, D. (author), Zhang, L. (author)Inferential models have long been used to determine pollutant dry deposition to ecosystems from measurements of air concentrations and as part of national and regional atmospheric chemistry and transport models, and yet models still suffer very large uncertainties. An inferential network of 55 sites throughout Europe for atmospheric reactive...article 2010
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Bleeker, A. (author), Fowler, D. (author), Stevens, C.J. (author), Duprè, C. (author), Dorland, E. (author), Gaudnik, C. (author), Gowing, D.J.G. (author), Diekmann, M. (author), Alard, D. (author), Bobbink, R. (author), Corcket, E. (author), Mountford, J.O. (author), Vandvik, V. (author), Aarrestad, P.A. (author), Muller, S. (author), Dise, N.B. (author)Evidence from an international survey in the Atlantic biogeographic region of Europe indicates that chronic nitrogen deposition is reducing plant species richness in acid grasslands. Across the deposition gradient in this region (2e44 kg N ha_1 yr_1) species richness showed a curvilinear response, with greatest reductions in species richness...article 2010
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Erisman, J.W. (author), Flechard, C. (author), Dammgen, U. (author), Fowler, D. (author), Sutton, M. (author), Nemitz, E. (author), Beier, C. (author), Butterbach Bahl, K. (author), Cellier, P. (author), de Vries, W. (author), Cotrufo, F. (author), Skiba, U. (author), Di Marco, C. (author), Jones, S. (author), Laville, P. (author), Soussana, J.F. (author), Loubet, B. (author), Twigg, M. (author), Famulari, D. (author), Whitehead, J. (author), Gallagher, M.W. (author), Neftel, A. (author), Herrmann, B. (author), Calanca, P.L. (author), Schjoerring, J.K. (author), Horvath, L. (author), Tang, Y.S. (author), Emmett, B.A. (author), Tietema, A. (author), Penuelas, J. (author), Kesik, M. (author), Brueggemann, N. (author), Pilegaard, K. (author), Vesala, T. (author), Campbell, C.L. (author), Olesen, J.E. (author), Dragosits, U. (author), Theobald, M.R. (author), Levy, P. (author), Mobbs, D.C. (author), Milne, R. (author), Viovy, N. (author), Vuichard, N. (author), Smith, J.U. (author), Smith, P. (author), Bergamaschi, P. (author), Reis, S. (author)Recent research in nitrogen exchange with the atmosphere has separated research communities according to N form. The integrated perspective needed to quantify the net effect of N on greenhouse-gas balance is being addressed by the NitroEurope Integrated Project (NEU). Recent advances have depended on improved methodologies, while ongoing...article 2008
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TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author), Nemitz, E. (author), Gallagher, M.W. (author), Duyzer, J.H. (author), Fowler, D. (author)Size-segregated particle number flux measurements using a micrometeorological technique, over the diameter (dp) range 0.1 to 3 ?m and total particle number fluxes (dp > 11 nm), are reported for Scottish moorland vegetation. Mean particle deposition velocities (Vd) range from 0.3 mm s-1 for 0.1 ?m particles to more than 10 mm s-1 for 3 ?m...article 2002
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TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author), Gallagher, M.W. (author), Nemitz, E. (author), Dorsey, J.R. (author), Fowler, D. (author), Sutton, M.A. (author), Flynn, M. (author), Duyzer, J. (author)New micrometeorological measurements of small (0.1-0.2 u diameter) aerosol particle fluxes using the eddy correlation technique are presented for moorland and also for grassland vegetation, the latter measurements being made both before and after cutting of the grassland to observe the resultant change in particle deposition velocity. These data...article 2002
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- TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author), Duyzer, J.H. (author), Weyers, G.P. (author), Ruigrok, W. (author), Erisman, J.W. (author), Fowler, D. (author), Spindler, G. (author) report 1996
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TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author), Duyzer, J. (author), Fowler, D. (author)This review outlines current understanding of the exchange processes and methods used to estimate regional NOy deposition. Several methods have been used to measure dry deposition. Measurement artefacts such as non-stationarity caused by local sources, monitors responding to other gases than NO2 and the influence of photochemical reactions have...article 1994
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- Fowler, D. (author), Suttion, M.A. (author), Hargraeves, K.J. (author), Storeton-West, R.L. (author), Duyzer, J.H. (author), Westrate, J.H. (author), Verhagen, H.L.M. (author), Meixner, F.X. (author), Ludwig, J. (author), Müller, H. (author), Nestlen, M. (author), Dollard, G.J. (author), Davies, T.D.N. (author), Instituut voor Milieuwetenschappen TNO (author) report 1993
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- Fowler, D. (author), Duyzer, J.H. (author), Meixner, F.X. (author), Dollard, G.J. (author), Instituut voor Milieuwetenschappen TNO (author) report 1991
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- Hoofdgroep Maatschappelijke Technologie TNO (author), Duyzer, J.H. (author), Fowler, D. (author), Meixner, F. (author), Dollard, G. (author), Johanson, C. (author), Gallagher, M. (author) conference paper 1990
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- Fowler, D. (author), Duyzer, J.H. (author), TNO Milieu, Energie en Procesinnovatie (author) bookPart 1989