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Amino acid-catalysed retroaldol condensation: The production of natural benzaldehyde and other flavour compounds

Wolken, W.A.M. (author), Tramper, J. (author), van der Werf, M.J. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

The amino acid-catalysed retroaldol condensation previously described for citral has been extended to other α,β -unsaturated aldehydes. In the presence of glycine and an elevated pH, six other α,β-unsaturated aldehydes also underwent retroaldol condensation. Crotonaldehyde, as well as its proposed intermediate, aldol, were converted into...

article 2004

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APC mutations in sporadic coloretal carcinomas from The Netherlands Cohort Study

Lüchtenborg, M. (author), Weijenberg, M.P. (author), Roemen, G.M.J.M. (author), de Bruïne, A.P. (author), van den Brandt, P.A. (author), Lentjes, M.H.F.M. (author), Brink, M. (author), van Engeland, M. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), de Goeij, A.F.P.M. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

The adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene is considered to be a gatekeeper in colorectal tumourigenesis. Inactivating mutations in APC have been reported in 34-70% of sporadic colorectal cancer patients, the majority of which occur in the mutation cluster region (MCR). In this study, tumour tissue from 665 incident colorectal cancer patients,...

article 2004

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Calcium measurements in living filamentous fungi expressing codon-optimized aequorin

Nelson, G. (author), Kozlova-Zwinderman, O. (author), Collis, A.J. (author), Knight, M.R. (author), Fincham, J.R.S. (author), Stanger, C.P. (author), Renwick, A. (author), Hessing, J.G.M. (author), Punt, P.J. (author), van den Hondel, C.A.M.J.J. (author), Read, N.D. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

Calcium signalling is little understood in filamentous fungi largely because easy and routine methods for calcium measurement in living hyphae have previously been unavailable. We have developed the recombinant aequorin method for this purpose. High levels of aequorin expression were obtained in Neurospora crassa, Aspergillus niger and...

article 2004

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Alcohol and ovarian cancer risk: Results from the Netherlands Cohort Study

Schouten, L.J. (author), Zeegers, M.P.A. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), van den Brandt, P.A. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

Objective: To study alcohol consumption in relation to ovarian cancer risk in a prospective cohort study. Methods: The Netherlands Cohort Study on diet and cancer was initiated in 1986. A self-administered questionnaire on dietary habits and other risk factors for cancer was completed by 62,573 postmenopausal women. Follow-up for cancer was...

article 2004

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Characterization of Pea Vicilin. 1. Denoting Convicilin as the α-Subunit of the Pisum Vicilin Family

O'Kane, F.E. (author), Happe, R.P. (author), Vereijken, J.M. (author), Gruppen, H. (author), van Boekel, M.A.J.S. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

Vicilin, a major globulin protein of pea that has been described as "extremely heterogeneous in terms of its polypeptide composition", was extracted from pea flour under alkaline conditions and subsequently fractionated by salt under acid conditions. This procedure induced the separation of vicilin into two fractions, which, after purification,...

article 2004

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Assessment of the safety of foods derived from genetically modified (GM) crops

König, A. (author), Cockburn, A. (author), Crevel, R.W.R. (author), Debruyne, E. (author), Grafstroem, R. (author), Hammerling, U. (author), Kimber, I. (author), Knudsen, I. (author), Kuiper, H.A. (author), Peijnenburg, A.A.C.M. (author), Penninks, A.H. (author), Poulsen, M. (author), Schauzu, M. (author), Wal, J.M. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

This paper provides guidance on how to assess the safety of foods derived from genetically modified crops (GM crops); it summarises conclusions and recommendations of Working Group 1 of the ENTRANSFOOD project. The paper provides an approach for adapting the test strategy to the characteristics of the modified crop and the introduced trait, and...

article 2004

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Characterization of anti-inflammatory compounds using transcriptions, proteomics, and metabolics in combination with multivariate data analysis

Verhoeckx, K.C.M. (author), Bijlsma, S. (author), Jespersen, S. (author), Ramaker, R. (author), Verheij, E.R. (author), Witkamp, R.F. (author), van der Greef, J. (author), Rodenburg, R.J.T. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

The discovery of new anti-inflammatory drugs is often based on an interaction with a specific target, although other pathways often play a primary or secondary role. Anti-inflammatory drugs can be categorized into classes, based on their mechanism of action. In this article we investigate the possibility to characterize novel anti-inflammatory...

article 2004

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Ara h 8, a Bet v 1-homologous allergen from peanut, is a major allergen in patients with combined birch pollen and peanut allergy

Mittag, D. (author), Akkerdaas, J. (author), Ballmer-Weber, B.K. (author), Vogel, L. (author), Wensing, M. (author), Becker, W.M. (author), Koppelman, S.J. (author), Knulst, A.C. (author), Helbling, A. (author), Hefle, S.L. (author), van Ree, R. (author), Vieths, S. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

We recently described patients with soybean allergy mainly mediated by cross-reactivity to birch pollen allergens. A majority of those patients were reported to have peanut allergy. We sought to study the occurrence of peanut allergy in patients allergic to birch pollen and characterized the Bet v 1-homologous peanut allergen Ara h 8....

article 2004

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Gepoolde analyse van 10 cohort studies: Consistent verband tussen hoge melkconsumptie en lager risico colorectaal kanker

Stasse-Wolters, M. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

De resultaten van het Pooling Project ondersteunen de hypothese dat een hoog gebruik van melk of calcium een weliswaar gering, maar consistent beschermend effect heeft tegen het ontstaan van darmkanker. De betekenis van de gevonden relatie moet worden bezien in de context van de totale voeding en in samenhang met de resultaten van andere typen...

other 2004

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Oral-to-inhalation route extrapolation in occupational health risk assessment: A critical assessment

Rennen, M.A.J. (author), Bouwman, T. (author), Wilschut, A. (author), Bessems, J.G.M. (author), de Heer, C. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

Due to a lack of route-specific toxicity data, the health risks resulting from occupational exposure are frequently assessed by route-to-route (RtR) extrapolation based on oral toxicity data. Insight into the conditions for and the uncertainties connected with the application of RtR extrapolation has not been clearly described in a systematic...

article 2004

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Application technology: Some research highlights

Butler Ellis, M.C. (author), Herbst, A. (author), Kudsk, P. (author), Lane, A.G. (author), Miller, P.C.H. (author), Milligan, A.L. (author), Mol, H.G.J. (author), Nicholls, J.W. (author), North, M. (author), Nuyttens, D. (author), Parkin, C.S. (author), Powell, E.S. (author), Robinson, T.H. (author), de Ruiter, H. (author), Webb, D.A. (author), van de Zande, J.C. (author), TNO Voeding TNO Industrie Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

article 2004

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Biomarkers of satiation and satiety

de Graaf, C. (author), Blom, W.A.M. (author), Smeets, P.A.M. (author), Stafleu, A. (author), Hendriks, H.F.J. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

This review's objective is to give a critical summary of studies that focused on physiologic measures relating to subjectively rated appetite, actual food intake, or both. Biomarkers of satiation and satiety may be used as a tool for assessing the satiating efficiency of foods and for understanding the regulation of food intake and energy...

article 2004

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Functional association between malting quality trait component and cDNA array based expression patterns in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Potokina, E. (author), Caspers, M. (author), Prasad, M. (author), Kota, R. (author), Zhang, H. (author), Sreenivasulu, N. (author), Wang, M. (author), Graner, A. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

We developed an approach for relating differences in gene expression to the phenotypic variation of a trait of interest. This allows the identification of candidate genes for traits that display quantitative variation. To validate the principle, gene expression was monitored on a cDNA array with 1400 ESTs to identify genes involved in the...

article 2004

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Bromobenzene-induced hepatotoxicity at the transcriptome level

Heijne, W.H.M. (author), Slitt, A.L. (author), van Bladeren, P.J. (author), Groten, J.P. (author), Klaassen, C.D. (author), Stierum, R.H. (author), van Ommen, B. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

Rats were exposed to three levels of bromobenzene, sampled at 6, 24, and 48 h, and liver gene expression profiles were determined to identify dose and time-related changes. Expression of many genes changed transiently, and dependent on the dose. Few changes were identified after 6 h, but many genes were differentially expressed after 24 h, while...

article 2004

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Analysis of longitudinal metabolomics data

Jansen, J.J. (author), Hoefsloot, H.C.J. (author), Boelens, H.F.M. (author), van der Greef, J. (author), Smilde, A.K. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

Motivation: Metabolomics datasets are generally large and complex. Using principal component analysis (PCA), a simplified view of the variation in the data is obtained. The PCA model can be interpreted and the processes underlying the variation in the data can be analysed. In metabolomics, often a priori information is present about the data....

article 2004

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Detection of soy proteins in processed foods: Literature overview and new experimental work

Koppelman, S.J. (author), Lakemond, C.M.M. (author), Vlooswijk, R. (author), Hefle, S.L. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

Several tests for the detection of soy proteins in foods have been described in the literature, and some are commercially available. This article gives an overview of these methods and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each individual method. Based on the conclusions of this inventory, an experimental approach was designed to improve...

article 2004

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Amount of ingested custard dessert as affected by its color, odor, and texture

de Wijk, R.A. (author), Polet, I.A. (author), Engelen, L. (author), van Doorn, R.M. (author), Prinz, J.F. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

The effects of nonoral sensations, such as visual texture and odor, on the size of the first bite were investigated in a series of studies using specially constructed food delivery cups with lower, from which custards were ingested ("ingested custard"), and upper, from which a custard was viewed and/or smelled ("upper custard") compartments....

article 2004

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Alcohol consumption and arterial stiffness in men

Sierksma, A. (author), Muller, M. (author), van der Schouw, Y.T. (author), Grobbee, D.E. (author), Hendriks, H.F.J. (author), Bots, M.L. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

Objective: Moderate alcohol consumption has been proposed to be anti-atherogenic and protect against coronary heart disease. Arterial stiffness provides a summary measure of atherosclerotic arterial damage and cardiovascular risk. A vascular protective effect of moderate alcohol consumption would be reflected in an inverse association between...

article 2004

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Characterization of Pea Vicilin. 2. Consequences of Compositional Heterogeneity on Heat-Induced Gelation Behavior

O'Kane, F.E. (author), Happe, R.P. (author), Vereijken, J.M. (author), Gruppen, H. (author), van Boekel, M.A.J.S. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)

The gelling characteristics of two vicilin fractions from pea (Pisum sativum L.) were compared over a range of pH and salt conditions after preliminary results showed that despite having equal opportunity to unfold, and expose hydrophobic residues, they had different minimum gelling concentrations (at pH 7.6). Furthermore, at this pH one...

article 2004

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Dietary intake and nutritional status of children and adolescents in Europe

TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author), Lambert, J. (author), Agostoni, C. (author), Elmadfa, I. (author), Hulshof, K. (author), Krause, E. (author), Livingstone, B. (author), Socha, P. (author), Pannemans, D. (author), Samartín, S. (author)

The objective of this project was to collect and evaluate data on nutrient intake and status across Europe and to ascertain whether any trends could be identified. Surveys of dietary intake and status were collected from across Europe by literature search and personal contact with country experts. Surveys that satisfied a defined set of criteria...

article 2004