document

Energy flow modelling of the benefits of VIPV in heavy duty transport

Newman, B.K. (author), Carr, A.J. (author), Burgers, A.R. (author), Binani, A. (author), Derks, R. (author)

public lecture 2021

document

One-year performance evaluation of two newly developed back-contact solar modules in two different climates

Ozden, T. (author), Carr, A.J. (author), Geerligs, B.L.J. (author), Turan, R. (author), Akinoglu, B.G. (author)

To a certain extent, the photovoltaics industry is well developed, and the performance and expected yield of standard photovoltaic modules are well documented and researched. However, newer more efficient photovoltaic cell and module technologies are being developed all over the world. Outdoor testing of new photovoltaic technologies is very...

article 2020

document

Quantifying the benefit of on-board PV for passenger cars

Carr, A.J. (author), Burgers, A.R. (author), van den Tillaart, E. (author), Kohler, T. (author), Newman, B.K. (author)

public lecture 2020

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Quantifying the benefit of VIPV

Carr, A.J. (author), Burgers, A.R. (author), van den Tillaart, E. (author), Kohler, T. (author), Newman, B.K. (author)

public lecture 2020

document

Vehicle integrated photovoltaics: evaluation of the energy yield potential through monitoring and modelling

Carr, A.J. (author), van den Tillaart, E. (author), Burgers, A.R. (author), Köhler, T. (author), Newman, B.K. (author)

Electric vehicles are destined to become the main form of people transport in the near future. They are noise and emission free with the potential to offer completely zero-emission use when the energy used to charge their batteries is generated from renewable resources. On-board PV, PV that is integrated into the body of the car is a novel...

conference paper 2020

document

Interlaboratory comparison of angular-dependent photovoltaic device measurements: results and impact on energy rating

Riedel-Lyngskær, N. (author), Santamaría Lancia, A.A. (author), Plag, F. (author), Kröger, I. (author), Vogt, M.R. (author), Schinke, C. (author), Davidsen, R.S. (author), Amdemeskel, M. (author), Jansen, M.J. (author), Manshanden, P. (author), Slooff-Hoek, L.H. (author), Carr, A.J. (author), Bliss, M. (author), Betts, T. (author), Mayo, M.E. (author), Jauregui, I.P. (author), Balenzategui, J.L (author), Roldan, R. (author), Bellenda, G. (author), Caccivio, M. (author), Kräling, U. (author), Neuberger, F. (author), Zirzow, D. (author), Crimmins, J. (author), Robinson, C. (author), King, B. (author), Teasdale, W. (author), Kedir, C. (author), Watts, J. (author), Desharnais, R. (author), Poulsen, P.B. (author), Jakobsen, M.L. (author), dos Reis Benatto, G.A. (author)

This paper presents the results from an extensive interlaboratory comparison of angular-dependent measurements on encapsulated photovoltaic (PV) cells. Twelve international laboratories measure the incident angle modifier of two unique PV devices. The absolute measurement agreement is ±2.0% to the weighted mean for angles of incidence (AOI) < 65...

article 2020

document

Light management coatings for solar modules by large area nanoimprinting

Veldhuizen, L.W. (author), Carr, A.J. (author), Loffler, J. (author), Dielen, M. (author), van Erven, A.J.M. (author)

conference paper 2019

document

Incident Angle Modifier (IAM) Round Robin Updates

Riedel, N. (author), Santamaria Lancia, A.A. (author), Ambemeskel, M.M. (author), Plag, F. (author), Kroger, I. (author), Slooff, L.H. (author), Jansen, M.J. (author), Carr, A.J. (author), Manshanden, P. (author), Bliss, M. (author), Betts, T. (author), Jauregui, I.P. (author), Maya, M.E. (author), Balenzategui, J.L. (author), Roldan, R. (author), Kraling, U. (author), Baarah, G. (author), Zirzow, D. (author), Lee, K. (author), King, B. (author), Stein, J. (author), Kedir, C. (author), Watts, J. (author), Sauer, K. (author), Thorsteinsson, S. (author), Poulsen, P.B. (author), dos Reis Benatto, G.A. (author)

conference paper 2019

document

How to maximize the KWH/KWP ratio: Simulations of single-axis tracking in bifacial systems

Janssen, G.J.M. (author), Burgers, A.R. (author), Binani, A. (author), Carr, A.J. (author), van Aken, B.B. (author), Romijn, I.G. (author), Klenk, M. (author), Nussbaumer, H. (author), Baumann, T. (author)

The energy yield of PV systems with horizontal single-axis tracking and bifacial panels was calculated using BIGEYE. BIGEYE is a versatile code developed at ECN part of TNO to calculate the yield of bifacial PV. Comparison to recent measured data with the BIFOROT set-up at the Zurich University of Applied Sciences showed very good agreement. Our...

conference paper 2018

document

Comparison of Bifacial Module Measurement Methods with Optically Optimized Bifacial Modules

Newman, B.K. (author), Carr, A.J. (author), Jansen, M.J. (author), Goma, E.G. (author), Kloos, M.J.H. (author), de Groot, K.M. (author), van Aken, B.B. (author)

We characterize four types of bifacial modules with three different methods that have been proposed by the community. One method approximates rear irradiance with increased front side irradiance. The other two utilize light directly radiating on the rear side of the module. We describe the setup, the calibration, and the resulting errors...

conference paper 2018

document

Comparison of vertical PV mounted on land or water

Carr, A.J. (author), van Aken, B.B. (author)

public lecture 2018

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Floatovoltaics with bifacial PV

Carr, A.J. (author), Burgers, A.R. (author), Lok, H. (author), Kreiter, R. (author), Eggink, E. (author), Vermeulen, W. (author), Otto, W. (author), van Aken, B.B. (author)

public lecture 2018

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Optically engineered bifacial modules

Carr, A.J. (author), Newman, B.K. (author), Binani, A. (author), Kloos, M.J.H. (author), Gutjahr, A. (author), Bennett, I. (author), Gaury, J. (author), van de Loo, B.H.W. (author)

public lecture 2018

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Interlaboratory comparison of methodologies for measuring the angle of incidence of solar cells

Riedell, N. (author), Santamaria Lancal, A.A. (author), Amdemskell, M. (author), Thorsteinsson, S. (author), Poulsen, P.B. (author), Plag, F. (author), Kroger, I. (author), Slooff, L.H. (author), Jsansen, M.J. (author), Carr, A.J. (author), Manshanden, P. (author), Bliss, M. (author), Betts, T. (author), Jauregui, I.P. (author), Mayo, M.E. (author), Balenztegui, J.L. (author), Roldan, R. (author), Kraling, U. (author), Baarah, G. (author), Isandolo, B. (author), Davidsen, R.S. (author), Thorseth, A. (author), Dam-Hansen, C. (author), Reis Benatto, G.A. (author)

The aim of this work is to compare angle of incidence (AOI) measurement setups for solar cells between laboratories with such capability. For the first time, we compare relative light transmission measurements among eight laboratories, whose measurement techniques include indoor and outdoor methods. We present the relative transmission...

conference paper 2018

document

Impact of inhomogeneous irradiance a the rear of panels on modelled biffacial energy yield

Janssen, G.J.M. (author), Romijn, I.G. (author), van Aken, B.B. (author), Carr, A.J. (author), de Groot, K.M. (author), Gali, R.S.R. (author), Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author)

The inhomogeneity of the rear irradiance of bifacial PV panels and its effect on the power loss due to current mismatch was investigated by modelling. We have found that the inhomogeneity of the rear irradiance depends on orientation, elevation, and tilt angle of the panel and on irradiance conditions. Typically the inhomogeneity of the rear...

conference paper 2017

document

Bifacial Module Testing

Dekker, N.J.J. (author), Vlooswijk, A.H.G. (author), van Aken, B.B. (author), Carr, A.J. (author), de Groot, K.M. (author), Newman, B.K. (author), van de Loo, B. (author), Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author)

Bifacial modules, capable of additional power generation from the rear side, are a promising technology for increased energy yield compared to standard PV (monofacial) modules and with a low added cost. In order to provide customers and end-users confidence in the bifacial products now available on the market a clear laboratory test is needed...

conference paper 2017

document

High-performance AR coating on glass applied using high-pressure molding

Burgers, A.R. (author), Rosca, V. (author), Carr, A.J. (author), Okel, L.A.G. (author), Jong, J. (author), Brouwer, E. (author), Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland (author)

Herein we report on the development and testing of a high-performance structured AR coating applied to solar glass by means of TOWA’s high-pressure molding technology. This technology allows the application of optically-active structures on glass with unprecedented freedom of geometry and precision. The structured layer with AR functionality...

conference paper 2017

document

Bifacial aspects of industrial n-Pasha solar cells

Janssen, G.J.M. (author), Tool, C.J.J. (author), Kossen, E.J. (author), Romijn, I.G. (author), van Aken, B.B. (author), Carr, A.J. (author), Newman, B.K. (author)

Bifacial photovoltaic (PV) modules make optimal use of diffuse and ground-re?ected light. The gain in energy yield depends on both the local climatic conditions and the PV system layout. These determine the additional irradiance on the rear of the PV panels. The rear response of the (laminated) solar cell(s) determines how much additional energy...

article 2017

document

Aspects of bifacial cell efficiency

Janssen, G.J.M. (author), Tool, C.J.J. (author), Kossen, E.J. (author), Romijn, I.G. (author), van Aken, B.B. (author), Carr, A.J. (author)

This paper presents simulation and experimental results on the electrical response of n-PERT (passivated emitter rear totally diffused) solar cells under front and rear illumination. The so-called bifaciality factor, which represents the response to rear illumination compared to front illumination, is an important factor for determining the...

article 2017

document

Thermal analysis of a BIPV system by various modelling approaches

Carr, A.J. (author), Roca, F. (author), Machado, M. (author), Malbranche, P. (author), Merten, J. (author), Assoa, Y.B. (author), Zamini, S. (author), Mongibello, L. (author), Kubicek, B. (author), Misara, S. (author), Sprenger, W. (author), Wagner, M. (author), Baenas, T. (author)

This work presents various models developed and implemented within the SOPHIA European project in order to thermally characterize PV modules in a rooftop BIPV con?guration. Different approaches have been considered, including a linear model, lumped elements models and models that make use of commercial software solvers. The validation of the...

article 2017