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Buist, H.E. (author), Hischier, R. (author), Westerhout, J. (author), Brouwer, D.H. (author)In this paper, we discuss the derivation of respiratory health effect factors (HEFs) for use in Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) for five nanoparticles: nanosilver, nano TiO2, carbon black, high-aspect ratio, rigid MWCNT and flexible MWCNT. For this purpose, we applied the methodology of USEtox™, a consensus model to calculate human toxicity...article 2017
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Clausen, P.A. (author), Spaan, S. (author), Brouwer, D.H. (author), Marquart, H. (author), le Feber, M. (author), Engel, R. (author), Geerts, L. (author), Jensen, K.A. (author), Kofoed-Sørensen, V. (author), Hansen, B. (author), de Brouwere, K. (author)The aim of this work was to identify the key mechanisms governing transport of organic chemical substances from consumer articles to cotton wipes. The results were used to establish a mechanistic model to improve assessment of dermal contact exposure. Four types of PVC flooring, 10 types of textiles and one type of inkjet printed paper were used...article 2016
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van Harmelen, T. (author), Zondervan-van den Beuken, E.K. (author), Brouwer, D.H. (author), Kuijpers, E. (author), Fransman, W. (author), Buist, H.B. (author), Ligthart, T.N. (author), Hincapié, I. (author), Hischier, R. (author), Linkov, I. (author), Nowack, B. (author), Studer, J. (author), Hilty, L. (author), Som, C. (author)The fast penetration of nanoproducts on the market under conditions of significant uncertainty of their environmental properties and risks to humans creates a need for companies to assess sustainability of their products. Evaluation of the potential benefits and risks to build a coherent story for communication with clients, authorities,...article 2016
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- Klein Entink, R.H. (author), Bekker, C. (author), Fransman, W.F. (author), Brouwer, D.H. (author) article 2015
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- Bekker, C. (author), Kuijpers, E. (author), Brouwer, D.H. (author), Vermeulen, R. (author), Fransman, W. (author) article 2015
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- Brouwer, D.H. (author), Kuijpers, E. (author), Bekker, C. (author), Asbach, C. (author), Kuhlbusch, T.A.J. (author) bookPart 2014
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Bekker, C. (author), Brouwer, D.H. (author), van Duuren-Stuurman, B. (author), Tuinman, I.L. (author), Tromp, P.C. (author), Fransman, W. (author)This paper reports a study of the dispersion of manufactured nano-objects (MNOs) through the air, both in time and space, during the use of two commercially available nano-spray products and comparable products without MNOs. The main objective was to identify whether personal exposure can occur at a greater distance than the immediate proximity...article 2014
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Asbach, C. (author), Aguerre, O. (author), Bressot, C. (author), Brouwer, D.H. (author), Gommel, U. (author), Gorbunov, B. (author), le Bihan, O. (author), Jensen, K.A. (author), Kaminski, H. (author), Keller, M. (author), Koponen, I.K. (author), Kuhlbusch, T.A.J. (author), Lecloux, A. (author), Morgeneyer, M. (author), Muir, R. (author), Shandilya, N. (author), Stahlmecke, B. (author), Todea, A.M. (author)Release of nanomaterials may occur during any stage of the life-cycle and can eventually lead to exposure to humans, the environment or products. Due to the large number of combinations of release processes and nanomaterials, release scenarios can currently only be tested on a case-by-case basis. This chapter presents five case studies on...bookPart 2014
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Brouwer, D.H. (author), Lidén, G. (author), Asbach, C. (author), Berges, M. (author), van Tongeren, M. (author)The production of nanomaterials and nano-enabled products is associated with the potential for workers' exposure to (manufactured) nano-objects' agglomerates and aggregates (NOAA). Workplace air monitoring studies have been conducted to assess the actual exposure; however, the methods and strategies applied to measure concentrations of NOAA in...bookPart 2014
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Bekker, C. (author), Brouwer, D.H. (author), Tielemans, E. (author), Pronk, A. (author)Background: In order to make full use of the opportunities while responsibly managing the risks of working with manufactured nanomaterials (MNM), we need to gain insight into the potential level of exposure to MNM in the industry. Therefore, the goal of this study was to obtain an overview of the potential MNM exposure scenarios within relevant...article 2013
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Brouwer, D.H. (author), van Duuren-Stuurman, B. (author), Berges, M. (author), Bard, D. (author), Jankowska, E. (author), Moehlmann, C. (author), Pelzer, J. (author), Mark, D. (author)Manufactured nano-objects, agglomerates, and aggregates (NOAA) may have adverse effect on human health, but little is known about occupational risks since actual estimates of exposure are lacking. In a large-scale workplace air-monitoring campaign, 19 enterprises were visited and 120 potential exposure scenarios were measured. A multi-metric...article 2013
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- Brouwer, D.H. (author), van Duuren-Stuurman, B. (author), Berges, M. (author), Bard, D. (author), Jankowska, E. (author), Moehlmann, C. (author), Pelzer, J. (author), Mark, D. (author) article 2013
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- Brouwer, D.H. (author) bookPart 2013
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Clark, K. (author), van Tongeren, M. (author), Christensen, F. (author), Brouwer, D.H. (author), Nowack, B. (author), Gottschalk, F. (author), Micheletti, C. (author), Schmid, K. (author), Gerritsen, R. (author), Aitken, R. (author), Vaquero, C. (author), Gkanis, V. (author), Housiadas, C. (author), López de Ipiña, J.M. (author), Riediker, M. (author)The aim of this paper is to describe the process and challenges in building exposure scenarios for engineered nanomaterials (ENM), using an exposure scenario format similar to that used for the European Chemicals regulation (REACH). Over 60 exposure scenarios were developed based on information from publicly available sources (literature, books,...article 2012
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Riediker, M. (author), Schubauer-Berigan, M.K. (author), Brouwer, D.H. (author), Nelissen, I. (author), Koppen, G. (author), Frijns, E. (author), Clark, K.A. (author), Hoeck, J. (author), Liou, S.H. (author), Ho, S.F. (author), Bergamaschi, E. (author), Gibson, R. (author)Objective: Few epidemiological studies have addressed the health of workers exposed to novel manufactured nanomaterials. The small current workforces will necessitate pooling international cohorts. Method: A roadmap was defined for a globally harmonized framework for the careful choice of materials, exposure characterisation, identification of...article 2012
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Brouwer, D.H. (author)Control banding (CB) has been developed as a pragmatic tool to manage the risk resulting from exposure to a wide variety of potentially hazardous substances in the absence of firm toxicological and exposure information. Currently, the CB approach is applied for emerging risks such as nanoparticles, by the development of various CB-based tools....article 2012
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- Berges, M. (author), Brouwer, D.H. (author), Hodson, L. (author), Asbach, C. (author), Bard, D. (author), Lynch, I. (author), Riediker, M. (author) article 2012
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Schneider, T. (author), Brouwer, D.H. (author), Koponen, I.K. (author), Jensen, K.A. (author), Fransman, W. (author), van Duuren-Stuurman, B. (author), van Tongeren, M. (author), Tielemans, E. (author)As workplace air measurements of manufactured nanoparticles are relatively expensive to conduct, models can be helpful for a first tier assessment of exposure. A conceptual model was developed to give a framework for such models. The basis for the model is an analysis of the fate and underlying mechanisms of nanoparticles emitted by a source...article 2011
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Klein Entink, R.H. (author), Fransman, W. (author), Brouwer, D.H. (author)Measurement strategies for exposure to nano-sized particles differ from traditional integrated sampling methods for exposure assessment by the use of real-time instruments. The resulting measurement series is a time series, where typically the sequential measurements are not independent from each other but show a pattern of autocorrelation. This...article 2011
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- Brouwer, D.H. (author), van Duuren-Stuurman, B. (author), Berges, M. (author), Jankowska, E. (author), Bard, D. (author), Mark, D. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author) article 2009