Contactless liquid detection in a partly filled tube by resonance

Contactless fluid level detection in process equipment is an important challenge for the process automation industry, especially under high-pressure conditions. In this study, a method is presented, which permits the contactless measurement of liquid levels in thin opaque capillaries at high pressures. The method is based on the mass dependence...

Modeling, monitoring and control of continuous wave ultrasonic systems

Power ultrasonic systems use high-efficiency transducers with continuous (or quasi-continuous) wave excitation. In such systems, the acoustic environment in the reactor and the ultrasonic transducer are very closely coupled. This means that in planning, executing and controlling experiments the entire system must be taken into account. This...

Backward ray tracing for ultrasonic imaging

Focused ultrasonic beams frequently pass one or more media interfaces, strongly affecting the ultrasonic beamshape and focusing. A computer program, based on backward ray tracing was developed to compute the shape of a corrected focusing mirror. This shape is verified with another program; then the mirror is constructed by CNC (computerized...

Ultrasonic scanning, imaging and recognition of bottles

A compact machine has been developed to take in returnable bottles. Using ultrasonics, it recognizes up to 150 different bottles. A teaching facility allows store personnel to add new types of bottles to the reference set. The ultrasonic system operates in air and employs a strongly focusing parabolic acoustical mirror in combination with a...

Resilient mounting systems in buildings

The basic elements of resilient mounting systems are described and various measures for quantifying the effect of such systems defined. Using electrical analogue circuits, the calculation of these measures is illustrated. With special reference to resilient mounting systems in buildings, under specified assumptions, improved analogies for system...