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Anderson, D. (author), TNO Voeding Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO BIBRA (author)Butadiene (BD) and its 2-methyl analogue, isoprene, have been extensively studied in animals and BD in population studies. Both chemicals are metabolised by liver cytochrome P450 dependent monogenases to monoepoxide and diepoxide intermediates. The diepoxide intermediates of both compounds were mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium. However,...article 2001
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Lina, B.A.R. (author), Bos-Kuijpers, M.H.M. (author), Til, H.P. (author), Bär, A. (author)The potential toxicity and carcinogenicity of erythritol, a low-calorie sugar substitute, were examined in Wistar Crl:(WI) WU BR rats. Groups of 50 rats of each sex consumed diets with 0, 2, 5, or 10% erythritol, or 10% mannitol, for a period of 104-107 weeks. To each of these main groups, two satellite groups of 20 males each were attached for...article 1996
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Hissink, A.M. (author), Krüse, J. (author), Kulig, B.M. (author), Verwei, M. (author), Muijser, H. (author), Salmon, F. (author), Leenheers, L.H. (author), Owen, D.E. (author), Lammers, J.H.C.M. (author), Freidig, A.P. (author), McKee, R.H. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)As part of a project designed to develop a framework for extrapolating acute central nervous system (CNS) effects of hydrocarbon solvents in animals to humans, experimental studies were conducted in rats and human volunteers in which acute CNS effects were measured and toxicokinetic data were collected. A complex hydrocarbon solvent, white...article 2007
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Tielemans, E. (author), Bretveld, R. (author), Schinkel, J. (author), de Wendel van - Joode, B. (author), Kromhout, H. (author), Gerritsen-Ebben, R. (author), Roeleveld, N. (author), Preller, L. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)The aim of this study was to assess exposure to pesticides for a longitudinal epidemiological study on adverse reproduction effects among greenhouse workers. Detailed information on pesticide use among greenhouse workers was obtained on a monthly basis through self-administered questionnaires and subsequent workplace surveys. Questionnaires were...article 2007
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Verhoef, P. (author), van Vliet, T. (author), Olthof, M.R. (author), Katan, M.B. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Background: A high plasma concentration of total homocysteine (tHcy) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. A high protein intake and hence a high intake of methionine-the sole dietary precursor of homocysteine-may raise plasma tHcy concentrations. Objectives: We studied whether high intake of protein increases plasma...article 2005
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Boere-Boonekamp, M.M. (author), L'Hoir, M.P. (author), Beltman, M. (author), Bruil, J. (author), Dijkstra, N. (author), Engelberts, A.C. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Objective. Description of unhealthy behaviour and views regarding nutrition, physical exercise and education in families with young children, in relation to specific groups with a high risk of overweight. Design. Cross-sectional study. Method. In wellbaby clinics for infants and toddlers in various sites in the Netherlands 534 parents were...article 2008
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Izeboud, C.A. (author), Hoebe, K.H.N. (author), Grootendorst, A.F. (author), Nijmeijer, S.M. (author), van Miert, A.S. (author), Witkamp, R.F. (author), Rodenburg, R.J.T. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Objective and Design: To investigate the effects of β2- adrenoceptor (β2-AR) stimulation on endotoxin-induced liver damage and systemic cytokine levels in rats. Subjects: Standard male Wistar rats. Treatment: A disease-model of lipolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute systemic inflammation was used. The β2-selective AR agonist clenbuterol was...article 2004
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Dolhain, R.J.E.M. (author), ter Haar, N.T. (author), Hoefakker, S. (author), Tak, P.P. (author), de Ley, M. (author), Claassen, E. (author), Breedveld, F.C. (author), Miltenburg, A.M.M. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Data concerning the presence of T-cell-derived cytokines in the rheumatic joint are conflicting, challenging the hypothesis that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a T-cell-mediated disease. In this study synovial tissue specimens of 11 patients with RA and eight patients with osteoarthritis (OA) were stained for interferon-gamma IFN-γ) and its...article 1996
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Kuper, C.F. (author), van Zijverden, M. (author), Klaassen, C. (author), Tegelenbosch-Schouten, M. (author), Wolterbeek, A.P.M. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)The effects of cyclosporin A (CY) and cyclophosphamide (CPS) on Peyer's patches (PP) were studied in Wistar rats, exposed in utero and neonatally or during adult age. In one study, pregnant dams received 5 or 15 mg/kg bw/day CY from gestation day 6 to day 21 of lactation. In two other studies, animals were exposed at young adult age: female rats...article 2007
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Omboni, S. (author), Parati, G. (author), Castiglioni, P. (author), di Rienzo, M. (author), Imholz, B.P.M. (author), Langewouters, G.J. (author), Wesseling, K.H. (author), Mancia, G. (author), TNO Biomedical Instrumentation (author)Portapres is a noninvasive, beat-to-beat finger blood pressure (BP) monitor that has been shown to accurately estimate 24-hour intra-arterial BP at normal and high BPs. However, no information is available on the ability of this device to accurately track ambulatory BP variability. In 20 ambulatory normotensive and hypertensive subjects, we...article 1998
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de Jong, A.M. (author), Vink, P. (author), TNO Arbeid (author)This paper evaluates a step-by-step participatory approach to better work, applied in reducing the musculoskeletal workload in installation work. To arrive at a reduction in workload, a steering group led the project through the following steps: Introduction: defining the goal and informing all 7000 employees. Analysis: finding major loading...article 2002
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Treurniet, H.F. (author), Davidse, W. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)In 1983 werd door de Geneeskundige Hoofdinspectie (GHI) een landelijke registratie van seksueel overdraagbare aandoeningen (SOA's) ingevoerd, naast het registratiesysteem van wettelijk aangifteplichtige ziekten. De gegevens voor de registratie worden door sociaal-verpleegkundigen, werkzaam bij GGD'en en geslachtsziekten-poliklinieken, verzameld....article 1993
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Pronk, A. (author), Preller, L. (author), Doekes, G. (author), Wouters, I.M. (author), Rooijackers, J. (author), Lammers, J.-W. (author), Heederik, D. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Associations have been observed between exposure to isocyanates, consisting mainly of oligomers, and respiratory symptoms and isocyanate specific sensitisation in spray painters. The aim of the present study was to assess associations between isocyanate exposure and more objective respiratory effect measures such as bronchial hyperresponsiveness...article 2009
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Haverkate, F. (author), Samama, M. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Approximately 250 cases of dysfibrinogenemia have been reported; 55% were asymptomatic (detected by chance), 25% had a tendency to bleeding, and 20% were reported to have a tendency to thrombosis. To establish a possible association between familial dysfibrinogenemia and thrombophilia, data on cases with both affections were collected in a study...article 1995
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Kerstholt, J.H. (author), Passenier, P.O. (author)Automation has changed the role of human operators from direct manual control to supervision. Their main task is to monitor whether system performance remains within pre-specified ranges and intervention is only required in unusual situations. One of the consequences is a loss of situation awareness, which significantly affects performance in...article 2000
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Cassee, F.R. (author), Muijser, H. (author), Duistermaat, E. (author), Freijer, J.J. (author), Geerse, E.K.B. (author), Marijnissen, J.C.M. (author), Arts, J.H.E. (author), Instituut CIVO-Toxicologie en Voeding TNO (author)The relative importance of the three particulate matter (PM) size fractions in ambient air, i.e. coarse (2.5-10 μm), fine (0.1-2.5 μm) and ultrafine (< 0.1 μm) fractions, on the induction of adverse health effects is still unknown. Moreover, there is no straightforward relationship between ambient concentration levels, exposure (external dose)...article 2002
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Hueber-Becker, F. (author), Nohynek, G.J. (author), Meuling, W.J.A. (author), Benech-Kieffer, F. (author), Toutain, H. (author), TNO Voeding (author)We investigated the absorption of a commercial [14C]-PPD- containing oxidative dark-shade hair dye in human volunteers as well as in vitro using human or pig ear skin. The hair of eight male volunteers was cut to a standard length, dyed, washed, dried, clipped and collected. Hair, washing water, materials used in the study and a 24-h scalp wash...article 2004
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Weijenberg, M.P. (author), Lüchtenborg, M. (author), de Goeij, A.F.P.M. (author), Brink, M. (author), van Muijen, G.N.P. (author), de Bruïne, A.P. (author), Goldbohm, R.A. (author), van den Brandt, P.A. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Objective: To investigate baseline fat intake and the risk of colon and rectal tumors lacking MLH1 (mutL homolog 1, colon cancer, nonpolyposis type 2) repair gene expression and harboring mutations in the APC (adenomatous polyposis coli) tumor suppressor gene and in the KRAS (v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) oncogene....article 2007
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Verhoeven, A.C. (author), Boers, M. (author), te Koppele, J.M. (author), van der Laan, W.H. (author), Markusse, H.M. (author), Geusens, P. (author), van der Linden, S. (author), Gaubius Instituut (author)Objectives. Exploration of bone metabolism changes at different levels of disease activity, both with and without oral corticosteroid therapy, and prediction of changes in joint damage and bone density from the observed changes in markers of bone turnover. Methods. Data analysis from a randomized clinical trial with 155 rheumatoid arthritis (RA)...article 2001
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de Lange, M. (author), de Geus, E.J.C. (author), Kluft, C. (author), Meijer, P. (author), van Doornen, L.J.P. (author), Boomsma, D.I. (author), Snieder, H. (author), TNO Kwaliteit van Leven (author)Differences in genetic influence on death from CHD between males and females have been reported. Haemostatic factors have consistently been associated with risk for coronary heart disease (CHD), but sex differences in genetic architecture have not been studied. This study in middle-aged twins investigates whether there are sex differences in...article 2006