Air-liquid interface In Vitro models for respiratory toxicology research: Consensus workshop and recommendations

In vitro air–liquid interface (ALI) cell culture models can potentially be used to assess inhalation toxicology endpoints and are usually considered, in terms of relevancy, between classic (i.e., submerged) in vitro models and animal-based models. In some situations that need to be clearly defined, ALI methods may represent a complement or an...

Long-term observations of the background aerosol at Cabauw, The Netherlands

Long-term measurements of PM2.5 mass concentrations and aerosol particle size distributions from 2008 to 2015, as well as hygroscopicity measurements conducted over one year (2008–2009) at Cabauw, The Netherlands, are compiled here in order to provide a comprehensive dataset for understanding the trends and annual variabilities of the...

Visibility in the Netherlands during New Year's fireworks: The role of soot and salty aerosol products

The visibility on New Year's nights in the Netherlands is low during stagnant weather. This is due to the scattering and absorption of light by the aerosol-smoke from the fireworks. We made an assessment of the responsible aerosol-species. The investigation took place during the New Year's night of 2009. Measurements were made at a regional site...

Assessments with respect to the EU HDV CO2 legislation: work in support of the Dutch position on EU regulation on the CO2 emissions of heavy-duty vehicles

Metal supply constraints for a low-carbon economy?

Low-carbon energy systems are more metal-intensive than traditional energy systems. Concerns have been expressed that this may hamper the transition to a low-carbon economy. We estimate the required extraction of Fe, Al, Cu, Ni, Cr, In, Nd, Dy, Li, Zn, and Pb until 2050 under several technology-specific low-carbon scenarios. Annual metal demand...

Determination of metal-based nanoparticles in the river Dommel in the Netherlands via ultrafiltration, HR-ICP-MS and SEM

We investigated the occurrence of metal-based nanoparticles in a natural system, the river Dommel in the Netherlands. The river itself is well-studied as far as hydrology and water quality is concerned, easily accessible and contains one major wastewater treatment plant discharging onto this river. We sampled water from various locations along...

Logistiek 4.0: Nederland heeft een digitaal kompas nodig!

Logistiek zit midden in een digitale transformatie, versneld door Internet of Things (IoT) met nieuwe mobiele netwerken (5G, LORA, NB-IoT), blockchain technologie en autonome voertuigen. We zien dat de adoptie van IoT in andere domeinen erg snel gaat, terwijl we weten dat er ook in de logistiek veel waarde zit in real-time visibility. Zo...

De transitie naar een circulaire voor de maakindustrie

Deze Transitieagenda Maakindustrie is geschreven ter uitwerking van het Grondstoffenakkoord van januari 2017. Dit akkoord wil vóór 2030 een schaalsprong bereiken in de transitie van een lineaire naar een circulaire economie en daarmee een bijdrage leveren aan het bereiken van de doelstellingen van het klimaatakkoord. Met het opstellen van de...