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Vergelli, M. (author), Le, H. (author), van Noort, J.M. (author), Dhib-Jalbut, S. (author), McFarland, H. (author), Martin, R. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)CD56 is a member of the neural cell adhesion molecule family expressed on cells of the central nervous system and also on NK cells. Previous studies suggest the involvement of CD56 in effector-to-target cell conjugation mediated by NK cells. It was shown recently that CD56 is also expressed by subpopulations of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. The present...article 1996
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Henwood, J. (author), van Eggermond, M.C.J.A. (author), Boxel van-Dezaire, A.H.H. (author), Schipper, R. (author), den Hoedt, M. (author), Peijnenburg, A. (author), Sanal, Ö. (author), Ersoy, F. (author), Rijkers, G.T. (author), Zegers, B.J.M. (author), Vossen, J.M. (author), van Tol, M.J.D. (author), van den Elsen, P.J. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)In this study, we have investigated the impact of deficient MHC class II expression on the use of TCRBV6 and TCRBJ gene elements, and on the pattern of amino acid incorporation exhibited in the N1-D-N2 segments of the third complementarity-determining region (CDR3) of these TCRBV6 rearrangements. To this end, we have analyzed circulating T cells...article 1996
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Sijbrands, E.J.G. (author), Westendorp, R.G.J. (author), Hoffer, M.J.V. (author), Frants, R.R. (author), Meinders, A.E. (author), Souverijn, J.H.M. (author), Leuven, J.A.G. (author), van der Laarse, A. (author), Havekes, L.M. (author), Smelt, A.H.M. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)Apolipoprotein (ape) E2 and high insulin levels are associated with the severity of hypertriglyceridemia in patients with combined hyperlipidemia. To study how these determinants affect very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) in combined hyperlipidemic patients, we characterized VLDL particles in 106 unrelated patients with combined hyperlipidemia....article 1996
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Bogaards, J.J.P. (author), Venekamp, J.C. (author), van Bladeren, P.J. (author)The metabolism of isoprene was investigated with microsomes derived from cell lines expressing human CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, or CYP3A4. The formation of epoxide metabolites was determined by gas chromatographic analysis. CYP2E1 showed the highest rates of formation of the isoprene monoepoxides 3,4-epoxy-3-methyl-1...article 1996
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den Ouden, A.L. (author), Hirasing, R.A. (author), Buitendijk, S.E. (author), de Jong-van de Berg, L.T.W. (author), de Walle, H.E.K. (author), Cornel, M.C. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Objective. To determine the live birth prevalence of neural tube defects (NTD) in the Netherlands and describe the clinical picture. Design. Descriptive. Setting. TNO Prevention and Health, Leiden, the Netherlands. Method. Data collected through active surveillance of NTD on a monthly basis by paediatricians throughout the country. Results. From...article 1996
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van de Vijver, L.P.L. (author), Steyger, R. (author), van Poppel, G. (author), Boer, J.M.A. (author), Kruijssen, D.A.C.M. (author), Seidell, J.C. (author), Princen, H.M.G. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Autoantibodies against oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) have been reported to be associated with atherosclerosis. However, data are not consistent. We compared the titres of autoantibodies to malondialdehyde-modified LDL in three groups, a case group with angiographically documented severe coronary stenosis (> 80% stenosis in at least 1...article 1996
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Muijser, H. (author), Geuskens, R.B.M. (author), Hooisma, J. (author), Emmen, H.H. (author), Kulig, B.M. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Carpet layers and age-matched controls were investigated both at the beginning of a working day and at the end with four subtests of a neuropsychological test battery (NES2). Exposure to toluene, cyclohexane, ethyl acetate, and heptane was measured with personal air sampling methods. One group of carpet layers used water-based adhesives (WBA) on...article 1996
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van 't Veer, P. (author), Strain, J.J. (author), Fernandez-Crehuet, J. (author), Martin, B.C. (author), Thamm, M. (author), Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author), Kohlmeier, L. (author), Huttunen, J.K. (author), Martin-Moreno, J.M. (author), Kok, F.J. (author), Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO (author)Antioxidants may protect against free radical mediated carcinogenesis. Epidemiological studies have not confirmed this hypothesis for breast cancer, possibly because of methodological limitations. Time-integrated exposure of α-tocopherol and β-carotene in adipose tissue, and selenium in toenails was investigated in a case-control study among...article 1996
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Boomsma, D.I. (author), Kempen, H.J.M. (author), Gevers Leuven, J.A. (author), Havekes, L. (author), de Knijff, P. (author), Frants, R.R. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)In a sample of Dutch families consisting of parents aged 35-65 years and their twin offspring aged 14-21 years, a significant difference between generations was observed in phenotypic variances and in genetic heritabilities for plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL)...article 1996
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Fay, R.M. (author), Feron, V.J. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Regarding risk evaluation of complex mixtures, the Working Group discussed the following topics: evaluation of the mixture as a whole, fractionation of the mixture, identification of the 'top ten' chemicals, and composite standards. It was concluded that no standard methodology for hazard identification and risk assessment of complex mixtures...article 1996
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van den Berg, H. (author), Hulshof, K.F.A.M. (author), Deslypere, J.P. (author), TNO Voeding (author)Objective. To determine how much vitamin A is consumed through liver and liver products by non-pregnant and pregnant women aged 16-50 years, and to determine the implications for the use of multivitamin products. Design. Secondary analysis on data from representative database Dutch National Food Consumption Survey. Method. Data were obtained...article 1996
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Meulenbelt, I. (author), Williams, G.J. (author), Koppele, J.M.T.E. (author), van Giessen, G.C.D.E. (author), Slagboom, P.E. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author), PG (author)We have determined the allele frequencies mad pairwise linkage disequilibria of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) distributed over the entire COL2A1 gene (spanning 23 · 6 kb) in a population of unrelated Dutch Caucasians. Pairwise linkage disequilibrium analysis of RFLP sites between exon 5B and 51 indicated a high degree of...article 1996
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Virtanen, S.M. (author), van 't Veer, P. (author), Kok, F. (author), Kardinaal, A.F.M. (author), Aro, A. (author)The adipose tissue carotenoid (alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, and lycopene) and retinol levels and their predictors were determined in 686 male and 339 female middle-aged and elderly subjects from eight European countries and Israel during the years 1991 to 1992. Adipose tissue carotenoid levels in men were 50-76% of those in women, whereas the...article 1996
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Eekhof, J.A.H. (author), de Bock, G.H. (author), de Laat, J.A.P.M. (author), Dap, R. (author), Schaapveld, K. (author), Springer, M.P. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Hearling loss is an important health problem in the elderly which sometimes leads to social isolation. In a study with 62 patients, the diagnostic value of four simple tests for screening for hearing loss in general practice was examined. When paying attention to the loudness of the whispering, the whispered voice test can be a valuable test for...article 1996
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van der Bom, J.G. (author), Bots, M.L. (author), Haverkate, F. (author), Slagboom, P.E. (author), Meijer, P. (author), de Jong, P.T.V.M. (author), Hofman, A. (author), Grobbee, D.E. (author), Kluft, C. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)Background: Resistance to activated protein C (APC), which results from various factors, including a mutation in the gene for coagulant factor V, has been associated with increased risk for venous thrombosis. However, its relation to arterial disease is still not well defined. Objective: To investigate the association of both response to APC and...article 1996
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Ploemen, J.-P.H.T.M. (author), van Iersel, M.L.P.S. (author), Wormhoudt, L.W. (author), Commandeur, J.N.M. (author), Vermeulen, N.P.E. (author), van Bladeren, P.J. (author)The drug disulfiram (DSF, Antabuse®) has been used in the therapy of alcohol abuse. It is a potent inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase. Its reduced form, diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC), and further metabolites show similar activities. DSF and DDTC have also been widely used to inhibit mixed-function oxidases. In this study, the reversible...article 1996
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Trends in hospital admissions among children aged 0-19 years with type I diabetes in The NetherlandsHirasing, R.A. (author), Reeser, H.M. (author), de Groot, R.R.M. (author), Ruwaard, D. (author), van Buuren, S. (author), Verloove-Vanhorick, S.P. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)OBJECTIVE - To determine the number and duration of hospital admissions due to diabetes in children aged 0-19 years between 1980 and 1991. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Secondary analysis of data collected by the SIG Health Care Information was based on the 9th revision of the International Classification of Diseases. The subjects were all...article 1996
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Braat, E.A.M. (author), Nauland, U. (author), Dooijewaard, G. (author), Rijken, D.C. (author), Gaubius Instituut TNO (author)Thrombin cleaves single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (scu-PA) into a two-chain form (tcu-PA/T), which is virtually inactive in plasminogen activator assays. Little is known about the physiological importance of tcu-PA/T. To examine the occurrence of tcu-PA/T in vivo, we developed a sensitive and specific bioimmunoassay (BIA) for...article 1996
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Veltman, J.A. (author), Gaillard, A.W.K. (author), TNO Technische Menskunde (author)The sensitivity of physiological measures to evaluate workload was investigated in a simulated flight task. Heart rate, blood pressure (from beat to beat), respiration and eye blinks were recorded in 14 subjects while they performed a complex task in a flight simulator. Workload was manipulated by introducing an additional task and by varying...article 1996
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Eekhof, J.A.H. (author), de Bock, G.H. (author), Schaapveld, K. (author), Perenboom, R.J.M. (author), Springer, M.P. (author), TNO Preventie en Gezondheid (author)Objective. To determine which age-related disorders lend themselves for screening followed by intervention in general practice. Setting. Department of General Practice Medicine, University of Leiden. Design. Descriptive. Methods. This study concerned eight frequent age-related disorders: auditory and visual disorders, cognitive limitations,...article 1996