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LaCroix, G. (author), Koch, W. (author), Ritter, D. (author), Gutleb, A.C. (author), Larsen, S.T. (author), Loret, T. (author), Zanetti, F. (author), Constant, S. (author), Chortarea, S. (author), Rothen-Rutishauser, B. (author), Hiemstra, P.S. (author), Frejafan, E. (author), Hubert, P. (author), Gribaldo, L. (author), Kearns, P. (author), Aublant, J.M. (author), Diabaté, S. (author), Weiss, C. (author), de Groot, A. (author), Kooter, I.M. (author)In vitro air–liquid interface (ALI) cell culture models can potentially be used to assess inhalation toxicology endpoints and are usually considered, in terms of relevancy, between classic (i.e., submerged) in vitro models and animal-based models. In some situations that need to be clearly defined, ALI methods may represent a complement or an...article 2018
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Mamali, D. (author), Mikkilä, J. (author), Henzing, B. (author), Spoor, R. (author), Ehn, M. (author), Petäjä, T. (author), Russchenberg, H. (author), Biskos, G. (author)Long-term measurements of PM2.5 mass concentrations and aerosol particle size distributions from 2008 to 2015, as well as hygroscopicity measurements conducted over one year (2008–2009) at Cabauw, The Netherlands, are compiled here in order to provide a comprehensive dataset for understanding the trends and annual variabilities of the...article 2018
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ten Brink, H. (author), Henzing, B. (author), Otjes, R. (author), Weijers, E. (author)The visibility on New Year's nights in the Netherlands is low during stagnant weather. This is due to the scattering and absorption of light by the aerosol-smoke from the fireworks. We made an assessment of the responsible aerosol-species. The investigation took place during the New Year's night of 2009. Measurements were made at a regional site...article 2018
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- Verbeek, M.M.J.F. (author), van Gijswijk, R. (author), van Zyl, S. (author), van Eijk, E. (author), Vermeulen, R. (author), Huismans, H. (author), Smokers, R. (author) report 2018
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de Koning, A. (author), Kleijn, R. (author), Huppes, G. (author), Sprecher, B. (author), van Engelen, G. (author), Tukker, A. (author)Low-carbon energy systems are more metal-intensive than traditional energy systems. Concerns have been expressed that this may hamper the transition to a low-carbon economy. We estimate the required extraction of Fe, Al, Cu, Ni, Cr, In, Nd, Dy, Li, Zn, and Pb until 2050 under several technology-specific low-carbon scenarios. Annual metal demand...article 2018
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Markus, A.A. (author), Krystek, P. (author), Tromp, P.C. (author), Parsons, J.R. (author), Roex, E.W.M. (author), de Voogt, P. (author), Laane, R.W.P.M. (author)We investigated the occurrence of metal-based nanoparticles in a natural system, the river Dommel in the Netherlands. The river itself is well-studied as far as hydrology and water quality is concerned, easily accessible and contains one major wastewater treatment plant discharging onto this river. We sampled water from various locations along...article 2018
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Zomer, G.R. (author)Logistiek zit midden in een digitale transformatie, versneld door Internet of Things (IoT) met nieuwe mobiele netwerken (5G, LORA, NB-IoT), blockchain technologie en autonome voertuigen. We zien dat de adoptie van IoT in andere domeinen erg snel gaat, terwijl we weten dat er ook in de logistiek veel waarde zit in real-time visibility. Zo...other 2018
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Ahsmann, B. (author), van Beek, R. (author), van Dord, M. (author), Elias, S. (author), van Golen, B. (author), van Haastrecht, B. (author), Kerssen, M. (author), Lahiri, S. (author), van de Pol, M. (author), Rietveld, E. (author), Spiegeler, H. (author), Steens, R. (author), Sueters, M. (author), Tepper, H. (author), Vlak, J. (author), de Vries, M. (author), Wilhelmus, J. (author), Wittekoek, A. (author), Wyfker, G. (author)Deze Transitieagenda Maakindustrie is geschreven ter uitwerking van het Grondstoffenakkoord van januari 2017. Dit akkoord wil vóór 2030 een schaalsprong bereiken in de transitie van een lineaire naar een circulaire economie en daarmee een bijdrage leveren aan het bereiken van de doelstellingen van het klimaatakkoord. Met het opstellen van de...report 2018
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Fu, G. (author), Xiang Lin, H. (author), Heemink, A. (author), Lu, S. (author), Segers, A. (author), van Velzen, N. (author), Lu, T. (author), Xu, S. (author)In this study, we investigate a strategy to accelerate the data assimilation (DA) algorithm. Based on evaluations of the computational time, the analysis step of the assimilation turns out to be the most expensive part. After a study of the characteristics of the ensemble ash state, we propose a mask-state algorithm which records the sparsity...article 2017
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Schlag, P. (author), Rubach, F. (author), Mentel, T.F. (author), Reimer, D. (author), Canonaco, F. (author), Henzing, J.S. (author), Moerman, M. (author), Otjes, R. (author), Prévôt, A.S.H. (author), Rohrer, F. (author), Rosati, B. (author), Tillmann, R. (author), Weingartner, E. (author), Kiendler-Scharr, A. (author)Ambient measurements of PM1 aerosol chemical composition at Cabauw, the Netherlands, implicate higher ammonium concentrations than explained by the formation of inorganic ammonium salts. This additional particulate ammonium is called excess ammonium (eNH 4). Height profiles over the Cabauw Experimental Site for Atmospheric Research (CESAR) tower...article 2017
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Downward, G.S. (author), Hu, W. (author), Rothman, N. (author), Reiss, B. (author), Tromp, P. (author), Wu, G. (author), Wei, F. (author), Xu, J. (author), Seow, W.J. (author), Chapman, R.S. (author), Lan, Q. (author), Vermeulen, R. (author)Exposure to crystalline silica (quartz) has been implicated as a potential cause of the high lung cancer rates in the neighbouring counties of Xuanwei and Fuyuan, China, where the domestic combustion of locally sourced “smoky” coal (a bituminous coal) is responsible for some of the highest lung cancer rates in the nation, irrespective of gender...article 2017
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Spreen, J.S. (author), Harmsen, J. (author)Door vrachtvervoer te verschuiven van de weg naar het spoor valt met relatief weinig inspanning veel CO2-winst te behalen, stellen TNO-onderzoekers. Wel nog even het vervoersaanbod bundelen en zorgen voor een goede dienstregeling.article 2017
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Snelder, M. (author), Wesseling, B. (author), van Arem, B. (author), Hertogh, M.J.C.M. (author)When infrastructures projects are evaluated, it is not only important to evaluate them with models that represent the average daily situation, but also to evaluate them in case of irregular situations like incidents. This becomes especially relevant when various project alternatives are expected to show significantly different scores in case of...article 2017
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Sluijk, N. (author)Er rijden op dit moment bijna 1 miljoen bestelauto’s rond. Met dit grote aantal is de bestelauto het werkpaard van de Nederlandse economie. Keerzijde is het slechte imago op het gebied van duurzaamheid. Elektrisch rijden komt als schoon alternatief daardoor steeds meer in de spotlight te staan, maar de rol is bescheiden omdat de techniek nog...article 2017
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Jedynska, A. (author), Hoek, G. (author), Wang, M. (author), Yang, A. (author), Eeftens, M. (author), Cyrys, J. (author), Keuken, M. (author), Ampe, C. (author), Beelen, R. (author), Cesaroni, G. (author), Forastiere, F. (author), Cirach, M. (author), de Hoogh, K. (author), de Nazelle, A. (author), Nystad, W. (author), Akhlaghi, H.M. (author), Declercq, C. (author), Stempfelet, M. (author), Eriksen, K.T. (author), Dimakopoulou, K. (author), Lanki, T. (author), Meliefste, K. (author), Nieuwenhuijsen, M. (author), Yli-Tuomi, T. (author), Raaschou-Nielsen, O. (author), Janssen, N.A.H. (author), Brunekreef, B. (author), Kooter, I.M. (author)Oxidative potential (OP) has been suggested as a health-relevant measure of air pollution. Little information is available about OP spatial variation and the possibility to model its spatial variability. Our aim was to measure the spatial variation of OP within and between 10 European study areas. The second aim was to develop land use...article 2017
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Blok, M.M. (author)Logistics is one of the top sectors in the Netherlands and currently on the rise again. The smart organisation of the flow of goods can help the Netherlands retain its leading position. The use — but even more importantly, the sharing — of data is essential for this. But what information can you give away? And isn't the competition going to take...article 2017
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Dammers, E. (author), Schaap, M. (author), Haaima, M. (author), Palm, M. (author), Wichink Kruit, R.J. (author), Volten, H. (author), Hansen, A. (author), Swart, D. (author), Erisman, J.W. (author)Ammonia (NH3) is difficult to monitor at atmospheric concentrations due its high solubility and reac-tivity and the strong spatial and temporal variations of its concentrations. Monitoring is mostly per-formed using passive samplers or filter packs with daily coverage at best. Only at a few sites ammonia is measured with more expensive wet...article 2017
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Fraters, D. (author), Boom, G.J.F.L. (author), Boumans, L.J.M. (author), de Weerd, H. (author), Wolters, M. (author)The solute concentration in the subsoil beneath the root zone is an important parameter for leaching assessment. Drainage centrifugation is considered a simple and straightforward method of determining soil solution chemistry. Although several studies have been carried out to determine whether this method is robust, hardly any results are...article 2017
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Kadijk, G. (author)Het blijkt een gouden combinatie: TNO met hun onderzoeksbril en de RDW als kenner van regelgeving en de wereld van de keurmeesters. Het resultaat is een voorstel voor een nieuwe APK-meetprocedure voor de controle van roetfilters. Naar verwachting wordt deze nieuwe emissietest over een paar jaren onderdeel van de APK.article 2017
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Lu, S. (author), Heemink, A. (author), Lin, H.X. (author), Segers, A. (author), Fu, G. (author)Remote sensing, as a powerful tool for monitoring atmospheric phenomena, has been playing an increasingly important role in inverse modeling. Remote sensing instruments measure quantities that often combine several state variables as one. This creates very strong correlations between the state variables that share the same observation variable....article 2017