Title
Application of the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) to the safety evaluation of cosmetic ingredients
Author
Kroes, R.
Renwick, A.G.
Feron, V.
Galli, C.L.
Gibney, M.
Greim, H.
Guy, R.H.
Lhuguenot, J.C.
van de Sandt, J.J.M.
TNO Kwaliteit van Leven
Publication year
2007
Abstract
The threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) has been used for the safety assessment of packaging migrants and flavouring agents that occur in food. The approach compares the estimated oral intake with a TTC value derived from chronic oral toxicity data for structurally-related compounds. Application of the TTC approach to cosmetic ingredients and impurities requires consideration of whether route-dependent differences in first-pass metabolism could affect the applicability of TTC values derived from oral data to the topical route. The physicochemical characteristics of the chemical and the pattern of cosmetic use would affect the long-term average internal dose that is compared with the relevant TTC value. Analysis has shown that the oral TTC values are valid for topical exposures and that the relationship between the external topical dose and the internal dose can be taken into account by conservative default adjustment factors. The TTC approach relates to systemic effects, and use of the proposed procedure would not provide an assessment of any local effects at the site of application. Overall the TTC approach provides a useful additional tool for the safety evaluation of cosmetic ingredients and impurities of known chemical structure in the absence of chemical-specific toxicology data. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Subject
Chemistry Safety
Analytical research
Cosmetic ingredients
Risk assessment
Threshold of toxicological concern (TTC)
Trans-dermal absorption
cosmetic
flavoring agent
article
chemical structure
comparative study
drug exposure
first pass effect
food
human
nonhuman
physical chemistry
risk assessment
Administration, Cutaneous
Administration, Oral
Cosmetics
Decision Support Techniques
Decision Trees
Humans
No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level
Safety
Toxicity Tests
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f8fd6371-f5eb-4652-b097-f0cee3c932b8
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2007.06.021
TNO identifier
240460
ISSN
0278-6915
Source
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 45 (12), 2533-2562
Document type
article