Title
Integrated membrane distillation-crystallization: Process design and cost estimations for seawater treatment and fluxes of single salt solutions
Author
Creusen, R.J.M.
van Medevoort, J.
Roelands, C.P.M.
van Renesse van Duivenbode, J.A.D.
Hanemaaijer, J.H.
van Leerdam, R.C.
Publication year
2013
Abstract
The goal of this research is to design an integrated membrane distillation-crystallization (MDC) process for desalination of seawater with pure water and dry salts as the only products. The process is based on a combination of membrane distillation (MD) and osmotic distillation (OD) steps with integrated crystallization. In the first MD step seawater is concentrated up to the saturation point of CaCO3. In subsequent MD or OD steps, pure water and salts (a.o. CaCO3, NaCl, KCl) are separated until complete dewatering and crystallization. The equipment and energy costs for this process are approximately € 1.09/m3.Laboratory research with single salt solutions showed that after three days of MD operation with a saturated CaCO3 solution (77°C) a complete flux decline occurred. This could be prevented by adding CaCO3 crystals to the system to promote crystallization in the bulk liquid. The treatment of a saturated NaCl solution (80°C) with MD resulted in a complete flux decline within 1h. In an OD system NaCl crystallization (64°C) was more successful when NaCl seeds were added to the system and a draw solution was used at the condensate side. During 3h of operation the flux decreased from 3 to 1Lm-2h-1. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.
Subject
Earth & Environment Fluid Mechanics Chemistry & Energetics Earth & Environment
WT - Water Treatment PID - Process & Instrumentation Development AEC - Applied Environmental Chemistry
EELS - Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences TS - Technical Sciences
High Tech Systems & Materials
Chemistry
Industrial Innovation
Brine treatment
Membrane distillation-crystallization
Osmotic distillation
Seawater desalination
Zero liquid discharge
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e47baa95-1998-48f1-8104-f5a34ec44b70
TNO identifier
476209
ISSN
0011-9164
Source
Desalination, 323, 8-16
Document type
article