Title
17α-Ethyl-5β-estrane-3α,17β-diol, a biological marker for the abuse of norethandrolone and ethylestrenol in slaughter cattle
Author
van Puymbroeck, M.
Kuilman, M.E.M.
Maas, R.F.M.
Witkamp, R.F.
Leyssens, L.
van Miert, A.S.J.P.A.M.
Hendriks, L.
van der Zande, D.J.M.
Adriaensens, P.
Jacobs, M.-P.
Raus, J.
Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO
Publication year
1999
Abstract
The metabolism of the illegal growth promoter ethylestrenol (EES) was evaluated in bovine liver cells and subcellular fractions of bovine liver preparations. Incubations with bovine microsomal preparations revealed that EES is extensively biotransformed into norethandrolone (NE), another illegal growth promoter. Furthermore, incubations of monolayer cultures of hepatocytes with NE indicated that NE itself is rapidly reduced to 17α-ethyl-5β-estrane-3α,17β-diol (EED). In vivo tests confirmed that, after administration of either EES or NE, EED is excreted as a major metabolite. Therefore, it was concluded that, both in urine and faeces samples, EED can be used as a biological marker for the illegal use of EES and/or NE. Moreover, by monitoring EED in urine or faeces samples, the detection period after NE administration is significantly prolonged. These findings were further confirmed by three cases of norethandrolone abuse in a routine screening program for forbidden growth promoters. Copyright (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V.
Subject
Nutrition
17α-Ethyl-5β-estrane-3α,17β-diol
Ethylestrenol
Norethandrolone
Steroids
Biological marker
Ethylestrenol
Norethandrolone
17Alpha ethyl 5 xi estrane 3 xi,17 beta diol
Drug derivative
Drug residue
Estradiol
Animal experiment
Animal tissue
Article
Biotransformation
Cattle
Drug abuse
Drug metabolism
Drug monitoring
Feces
Female
Intramuscular drug administration
Liver
Liver cell culture
Male
Nonhuman
Priority journal
Reduction
Urine
Animal
Animal husbandry
Chemistry
High performance liquid chromatography
Liver microsome
Mass fragmentography
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Sensitivity and specificity
Standard
Thin layer chromatography
Ultraviolet spectrophotometry
Biological Markers
Cattle
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Chromatography, Thin Layer
Drug Residues
Estradiol
Ethylestrenol
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Male
Microsomes, Liver
Norethandrolone
Reference Standards
Sensitivity and Specificity
Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e360a7ec-7e59-4bea-89f1-7a1d977446a0
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4347(99)00091-2
TNO identifier
235039
ISSN
1387-2273
Source
Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications, 728 (2), 217-232
Document type
article