Title
Analytical possibilities for the detection of stanozolol and its metabolites
Author
Poelmans, S.
de Wasch, K.
de Brabander, H.F.
van de Wiele, M.
Courtheyn, D.
van Ginkel, L.A.
Sterk, S.S.
Delahaut, Ph.
Dubois, M.
Schilt, R.
Nielen, M.
Vercammen, J.
Impens, S.
Stephany, R.
Hamoir, T.
Pottie, G.
van Poucke, C.
van Peteghem, C.
Publication year
2002
Abstract
In sports doping, as well in man as in horseracing, stanozolol (Stan) was abused and became the subject of metabolism research. Also in veterinary practice, stanozolol became an important misused anabolic steroid. Like most other anabolic steroids, stanozolol has poor gas chromatographic behavior. It is difficult to detect in urine, because of low urinary excretion and renal clearance. This is due to the rapid metabolization, leading to low concentration levels of the parent compound found in urine. Therefore, most research studies have focused on the detection of its urinary metabolites. For the identification of the metabolites, different methods of extraction and detection are described in the literature. These are reviewed in this article. Most authors use a hydrolysis to free the phase II metabolites. Extraction procedures vary from solid-phase extraction (SPE), liquid-liquid (L-L) extraction to immunoaffinity chromatography (IAC). For the final detection, the use of gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrometry (MS) can be compared with liquid chromatography (LC)-MSn. Different metabolites are identified depending on the administration of stanozolol in the animal experiment (oral or intramuscular). Analyses for these analytes in other matrices are also briefly discussed. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Subject
Health
Analytical research
Anabolic steroids
GC-MS
LC-MS
Metabolites
Stanozolol
anabolic agent
chemical compound
stanozolol
chemistry
conference paper
drug blood level
drug metabolism
extraction
gas chromatography
hydrolysis
immunoaffinity chromatography
kidney clearance
liquid chromatography
liquid liquid extraction
literature
mass spectrometry
metabolite
nonhuman
priority journal
solid phase extraction
urinary excretion
urine
Animalia
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d3558286-0533-4278-91cd-3d51438708d6
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(02)00672-4
TNO identifier
236784
ISSN
0003-2670
Source
Analytica Chimica Acta, 473 (1-2), 39-47
Document type
article