Title
Assessment of Dermal Absorption of Aluminum from a Representative Antiperspirant Formulation Using a 26 Al Microtracer Approach
Author
de Ligt, R.
van Duijn, E.
Grossouw, D.
Bosgra, S.
Burggraaf, J.
Windhorst, A.
Peeters, P.A.M.
van der Luijt, G.A.
Alexander-White, C.
Vaes, W.H.J.
Publication year
2018
Abstract
A clinical pharmacokinetic study was performed in 12 healthy women to evaluate systemic exposure to aluminum following topical application of a representative antiperspirant formulation under real-life use conditions. A simple roll-on formulation containing an extremely rare isotope of aluminum (26 Al) chlorohydrate (ACH) was prepared to commercial specifications. A 26 Al radio-microtracer was used to distinguish dosed aluminum from natural background, using accelerated mass spectroscopy. The 26 Al citrate was administered intravenously (i.v.) to estimate fraction absorbed (Fabs ) following topical delivery. In blood samples after i.v. administration, 26 Al was readily detected (mean area under the curve (AUC) = 1,273 ± 466 hours×fg/mL). Conversely, all blood samples following topical application were below the lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ; 0.12 fg/mL), except two samples (0.13 and 0.14 fg/mL); a maximal AUC was based on LLOQs. The aluminum was above the LLOQ (61 ag/mL) in 31% of urine samples. From the urinary excretion data, a conservative estimated range for dermal Fabs of 0.002-0.06% was calculated, with a mean estimate of 0.0094%. Chemicals / CAS aluminum, 7429-90-5; aluminum citrate, 31142-56-0; aluminum hydroxychloride, 1327-41-9; Aluminum; Aluminum-26; Antiperspirants; Radioisotopes.
Subject
Pharmacology
Administration, Cutaneous
Administration, Intravenous
Adult
Aluminum
Antiperspirants
Area Under Curve
Consumer Product Safety
Female
Healthy Volunteers
Humans
Paresthesia
Pruritus
Radioisotopes
Renal Elimination
Skin Absorption
Young Adult
Biomedical Innovation
Healthy Living
Life
MSB - Microbiology and Systems Biology
ELSS - Earth, Life and Social Sciences
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http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cf241f8c-23d2-4a84-95e2-1baec00b6e21
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1111/cts.12579
TNO identifier
869182
Source
Clinical and Translational Science, 11 (11), 573-581
Document type
article