Title
A vegetable/fruit concentrate with high antioxidant capacity has no effect on biomarkers of antioxidant status in male smokers
Author
van den Berg, R.
van Vliet, T.
Broekmans, W.M.R.
Cnubben, N.H.P.
Vaes, W.H.J.
Roza, L.
Haenen, G.R.M.M.
Bast, A.
van den Berg, H.
Centraal Instituut voor Voedingsonderzoek TNO
Publication year
2001
Abstract
The potential benefits of a high fruit and vegetable intake on the antioxidant status and on relevant biomarkers of oxidative damage to lipids, proteins and DNA and on (functional) markers of oxidative stress were evaluated. A randomized, free living, open placebo-controlled cross-over trial of 3 wk, with a 2-wk washout period between treatments, was performed in a group of 22 male smokers with a relatively low vegetable and fruit intake using a vegetable burger and fruit drink. The vegetable burger and fruit drink increased serum levels of vitamin C, α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin and plasma total antioxidant capacity. However, no effects were demonstrated on any marker of oxidative damage to lipids (malondialdehyde F2-isoprostane) proteins (carbonyls) and DNA (Comet assay) and (functional) markers of oxidative stress (reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio, glutathione-S-transferase α, glutathione-S-transferase π and nuclear transcription factor-κB). Apparently, these increased levels of antioxidants in serum were not sufficiently high to show beneficial changes with the selected biomarkers. Alternatively, oxidative stress in male smokers with a relatively low fruit and vegetable intake might have been still too low to demonstrate a beneficial effect of antioxidants. Chemicals/CAS: Antioxidants; Carotenoids, 36-88-4; Cholesterol, 57-88-5; Cholesterol, HDL; Malondialdehyde, 542-78-9; Triglycerides; Vitamin A, 11103-57-4; Vitamin E, 1406-18-4
Subject
Nutrition
Adult
Antioxidants
Blood Pressure
Body Weight
Carotenoids
Cholesterol
Cholesterol, HDL
Cross-Over Studies
DNA Damage
Fruit
Humans
Male
Malondialdehyde
Middle Aged
Monocytes
Oxidative Stress
Smoking
Time Factors
Triglycerides
Vegetables
Vitamin A
Vitamin E
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TNO identifier
57083
ISSN
0022-3166
Source
Journal of Nutrition, 131 (6), 1714-1722
Document type
article