Title
Multiple sclerosis: An altered immune response or an altered stress response?
Author
van Noort, J.M.
TNO Preventie en Gezondheid
Publication year
1996
Abstract
The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), the major neurological disease of young adults in the Western world, is still poorly understood, and no effective therapy to block MS is available as yet. The clinical symptoms of MS result from inflammatory damage to the insulating myelin sheath of axons in the CNS and - at later stages - to axons themselves. A local autoimmune process involving activation of helper T cells against CNS protein components is likely to be crucial in this development. Especially at the first stages of MS, therapies aimed at the selective downregulation of MS-specific autoimmune responses may contribute to controlling the disease. Key to the success of such approaches is the identification of CNS proteins that are the target of local T cell responses. We recently identified the small heat-shock protein αB-crystallin as the single immunodominant myelin antigen in MS-affected myelin. This review discusses the functional and therapeutic implications of this finding along with other data on MS, and hypothesizes that an inappropriate stress response within the CNS itself is crucial as an initiating event in disease development.
Subject
Health
Adult
Autoantigens
Autoimmune Diseases
Blood-Brain Barrier
Central Nervous System
Crystallins
Disease Models, Animal
Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental
Gene Expression Regulation
Humans
Immunodominant Epitopes
Lymphocyte Activation
Models, Immunological
Molecular Mimicry
Multiple Sclerosis
Myelin Proteins
Myelin Sheath
Nerve Tissue Proteins
Stress
Superantigens
T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s001090050030
TNO identifier
233370
ISSN
0946-2716
Source
Journal of Molecular Medicine, 74 (6), 285-296
Document type
article