Title
The Protein Digestibility-Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS) - A concept for describing protein quality in foods and food ingredients: A critical review
Author
Schaafsma, G.
TNO Kwaliteit van Leven
Publication year
2005
Abstract
Protein Digestibility-Corrected Amino Score (PDCAAS) is discussed. PDCAAS is now widely used as a routine assay for protein quality evaluation, replacing the more traditional biological methods [e.g., measurement of the Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER) in rats]. PDCAAS is based on comparison of the essential amino acid content of a test protein with that of a reference essential amino acid pattern and a correction for differences in protein digestibility as determined using a rat assay. Although PDCAAS is a rapid and useful method, it often shows discrepancies when compared to PER values. These discrepancies relate to the following issues: uncertainty about the validity of reference patterns, invalidity of correction for fecal (versus ileal) digestibility, truncation of PDCAAS values to 100%, failure to obtain full biological response after supplementation of the limiting essential amino acid, discrepancies between protein and amino acid digestibility, effects of processing on protein quality, and effects of the presence of antinutritional factors in the matrix containing the protein. Part of the discrepancy between PDCAAS and PER can be overcome by modifications of PDCAAS. This article describes some proposed modifications and puts forward the suggestion that the rat protein fecal digestibility assay be replaced by an in vitro ileal amino acid digestibility assay based on a computer-controlled gastrointestinal model.
Subject
Nutrition
Physiological Sciences
Absorption
Amino acids
Bioassay
Food processing
Food products
Information analysis
Nutrition
Synthesis (chemical)
Digestibility
Gastrointestinal model
Protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS)
Protein quality
Proteins
amino acid
essential amino acid
protein
trypsin
animal
animal food
bioavailability
body weight
chemistry
chicken
food
food analysis
gastrointestinal tract
human
ileum
metabolism
methodology
nutrition
preschool child
rat
review
Amino Acids
Amino Acids, Essential
Animal Nutrition Physiology
Animals
Biological Availability
Body Weight
Chickens
Child, Preschool
Food
Food Analysis
Gastrointestinal Tract
Humans
Ileum
Nutrition Physiology
Proteins
Rats
Trypsin
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9c76ca83-1eba-4565-8d27-f1917f975f9d
TNO identifier
238480
ISSN
1060-3271
Source
Journal of AOAC International, 88 (3), 988-994
Document type
article