Title
cGMP and nitric oxide modulate thrombin-induced endothelial permeability: Regulation via different pathways in human aortic and umbilical vein endothelial cells
Author
Draijer, R.
Atsma, D.E.
van der Laarse, A.
van Hinsbergh, V.W.M.
Gaubius Instituut TNO
Publication year
1995
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that cGMP and cAMP reduce the endothelial permeability for fluids and macromolecules when the endothelial permeability is increased by thrombin. In this study, we have investigated the mechanism by which cGMP improves the endothelial barrier function and examined whether nitric oxide (NO) can serve as an endogenous modulator of endothelial barrier function. Thrombin increased the passage of macromolecules through human umbilical vein and human aortic endothelial cell monolayers and concomitantly increased [Ca]2+ in vitro. Inhibition of these increases by the intracellular Ca2+ chelator BAPTA indicated that cytoplasmic Ca2+ elevation contributes to the thrombin-induced increase in endothelial permeability. The cGMP-dependent protein kinase activators 8- bromo-cGMP (8-Br-cGMP) and 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)cGMP (8-PCPT-cGMP) decreased the thrombin-induced passage of macromolecules. Two pathways accounted for this observation. Activation of cGMP-dependent protein kinase by 8-PCPT-cGMP decreased the accumulation of cytoplasmic Ca2+ in aortic endothelial cells and hence reduced the thrombin-induced increase in permeability. On the other hand, in umbilical vein endothelial cells, cGMP-inhibited phosphodiesterase (PDE III) activity was mainly responsible for the cGMP-dependent reduction of endothelial permeability. The PDE III inhibitors Indolidan (LY195115) and SKF94120 decreased the thrombin-induced increase in permeability by 50% in these cells. Thrombin treatment increased cGMP formation in the majority of, but not all, cell cultures. Inhibition of NO production by N(G)-nitro-L- arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) enhanced the thrombin-induced increase in permeability, which was restricted to those cell cultures that displayed an increased cGMP formation after addition of thrombin. Simultaneous elevation of the endothelial cGMP concentration by atrial natriuretic factor, sodium nitroprusside, or 8-Br-cGMP prevented the additional increase in permeability induced by L-NAME. These data indicate that cGMP reduces thrombin-induced endothelial permeability by inhibition of the thrombin-induced Ca2+ accumulation and/or by inhibition of cAMP degradation by PDE III. The relative contribution of these mechanisms differs in aortic and umbilical vein endothelial cells. NO can act in vitro as an endogenous permeability- counteracting agent by raising cGMP in endothelial cells of large vessels. Chemicals/CAS: 3',5'-Cyclic-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase, EC 3.1.4.17; Arginine, 74-79-3; Calcium, 7440-70-2; Cyclic GMP, 7665-99-8; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester, 50903-99-6; Nitric Oxide, 10102-43-9; Thrombin, EC 3.4.21.5
Subject
Biology
cGMP-dependent protein kinase
cytoplasmic Ca2+
human endothelial cells
nitric oxide
permeability
1 [2 (4 methoxyphenyl) 2 [3 (4 methoxyphenyl)propoxy]ethyl] 1h imidazole
5 (4 acetamidophenyl) 2(1h) pyrazinone
8 (4 chlorophenylthio) cyclic GMP
8 bromo cyclic GMP
atrial natriuretic factor
calcium ion
cyclic AMP
cyclic GMP
cyclic GMP dependent protein kinase
ethylene glycol 1,2 bis(2 aminophenyl) ether n,n,n',n' tetraacetic acid
forskolin
fura 2 acetoxymethyl ester
indolidan
isobutylmethylxanthine
n(g) nitroarginine methyl ester
nitric oxide
nitroprusside sodium
phosphodiesterase
rolipram
thrombin
unclassified drug
aorta
article
blood vessel permeability
calcium cell level
controlled study
endothelium cell
enzyme activation
human
human cell
macromolecule
muscle fiber contraction
priority journal
umbilical vein
vascular endothelium
3',5'-Cyclic-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase
Aorta
Arginine
Calcium
Capillary Permeability
Cyclic GMP
Endothelium, Vascular
Human
Intracellular Membranes
NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester
Nitric Oxide
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Thrombin
Umbilical Veins
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http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9a875e6e-92fd-4194-bc7b-996e68906681
TNO identifier
232937
ISSN
0009-7330
Source
Circulation Research, 76 (2), 199-208
Document type
article