Title
Methods for pooling results of epidemiologic studies: The pooling project of prospective studies of diet and cancer
Author
Smith-Warner, S.A.
Spiegelman, D.
Ritz, J.
Albanes, D.
Beeson, W.L.
Bernstein, L.
Berrino, F.
van den Brandt, P.A.
Buring, J.E.
Cho, E.
Colditz, G.A.
Folsom, A.R.
Freudenheim, J.L.
Giovannucci, E.
Goldbohm, R.A.
Graham, S.
Harnack, L.
Horn-Ross, P.L.
Krogh, V.
Leitzmann, M.F.
McCullough, M.L.
Miller, A.B.
Rodriguez, C.
Rohan, T.E.
Schatzkin, A.
Shore, R.
Virtanen, M.
Willett, W.C.
Wolk, A.
Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, A.
Zhang, S.M.
Hunter, D.J.
TNO Kwaliteit van Leven
Publication year
2006
Abstract
With the growing number of epidemiologic publications on the relation between dietary factors and cancer risk, pooled analyses that summarize results from multiple studies are becoming more common. Here, the authors describe the methods being used to summarize data on diet-cancer associations within the ongoing Pooling Project of Prospective Studies of Diet and Cancer, begun in 1991. In the Pooling Project, the primary data from prospective cohort studies meeting prespecified inclusion criteria are analyzed using standardized criteria for modeling of exposure, confounding, and outcome variables. In addition to evaluating main exposure-disease associations, analyses are also conducted to evaluate whether exposure-disease associations are modified by other dietary and nondietary factors or vary among population subgroups or particular cancer subtypes. Study-specific relative risks are calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model and then pooled using a random- or mixed-effects model. The study-specific estimates are weighted by the inverse of their variances in forming summary estimates. Most of the methods used in the Pooling Project may be adapted for examining associations with dietary and nondietary factors in pooled analyses of case-control studies or case-control and cohort studies combined. Copyright © 2006 by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health All rights reserved.
Subject
Health
Food and Chemical Risk Analysis
Cohort studies
Diet
Epidemiologic methods
Meta-analysis
Neoplasms
analytical method
cancer
diet
disease incidence
epidemiology
health risk
meta-analysis
population structure
cancer epidemiology
cancer registry
cancer risk
cohort analysis
dietary intake
exposure
human
outcome assessment
prospective study
review
standardization
statistical analysis
statistical model
Diet
Epidemiologic Methods
Humans
Neoplasms
Prospective Studies
Risk Factors
Statistics
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:987aadaf-4eba-442b-94da-7e942188eceb
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwj127
TNO identifier
239293
ISSN
0002-9262
Source
American Journal of Epidemiology, 163 (11), 1053-1064
Document type
article