Title
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling of cyclohexane as a tool for integrating animal and human test data
Author
Hissink, A.M.
Kulig, B.M.
Kruse, J.
Freidig, A.P.
Verwei, M.
Muijser, H.
Lammers, J.H.C.M.
Mckee, R.H.
Owen, D.E.
Sweeney, L.M.
Salmon, F.
TNO Kwaliteit van Leven
Publication year
2009
Abstract
This report describes a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for cyclohexane and its use in comparing internal doses in rats and volunteers following inhalation exposures. Parameters describing saturable metabolism of cyclohexane are measured in rats and used along with experimentally determined partition coefficients. The model is evaluated by comparing predicted blood and brain concentrations to data from studies in rats and then allometrically scaling the results to humans. Levels of cyclohexane in blood and exhaled air are measured in human volunteers and compared with model values. The model predicts that exposure of volunteers to cyclohexane at levels of 4100 mg/m 3 (̃1200 ppm) will result in brain levels similar to those in rats exposed to 8000 mg/m3 (the no-effect level for acute central nervous system effects). There are no acute central nervous system effects in humans exposed to 860 mg/m3, consistent with model predictions that current occupational exposure levels for cyclohexane protect against acute central nervous system effects. © The Author(s) 2009.
Subject
Biology
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
Acute central nervous system effects
Cross-species extrapolations
Cyclohexane
Occupational exposure limits
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic models
Solvent neurotoxicity toxicokinetics
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4942eb31-e840-4d46-9f4e-13c154986669
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1177/1091581809348718
TNO identifier
275979
ISSN
1091-5818
Source
International Journal of Toxicology, 28 (6), 498-509
Document type
article