Title
Choline supplemented as phosphatidylcholine decreases fasting and postmethionine-loading plasma homocysteine concentrations in healthy men
Author
Olthof, M.R.
Brink, E.J.
Katan, M.B.
Verhoef, P.
TNO Kwaliteit van Leven
Publication year
2005
Abstract
Background: A high homocysteine concentration is a potential risk factor for cardiovascular disease that can be reduced through betaine supplementation. Choline is the precursor for betaine, but the effects of choline supplementation on plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations in healthy humans are unknown. Objective: The objective was to investigate whether supplementation with phosphatidylcholine, the form in which choline occurs in foods, reduces fasting and postmethionine-loading concentrations of plasma tHcy in healthy men with mildly elevated plasma tHcy concentrations. Design: In a crossover study, 26 men ingested ≈2.6 g choline/d (as phosphatidylcholine) or a placebo oil mixture for 2 wk in random order. Fatty acid composition and fat content were similar for both treatments. A methionine-loading test was performed on the first and last days of each supplementation period. Results: Phosphatidylcholine supplementation for 2 wk decreased mean fasting plasma tHcy by 18% (-3.0 μmol/L; 95% CI: -3.9, -2.1 μmol/L). On the first day of supplementation, a single dose of phosphatidylcholine containing 1.5 g choline reduced the postmethionine-loading increase in tHcy by 15% (-4.8 μmol/L; 95% CI: -6.8, -2.8 μmol/L). Phosphatidylcholine supplementation for 2 wk reduced the postmethionine-loading increase in tHcy by 29% (-9.2 μmol/L; 95% CI: -11.3, -7.2 μmol/L). All changes were relative to placebo. Conclusions: A high daily dose of choline, supplemented as phosphatidylcholine, lowers fasting as well as postmethionine-loading plasma tHcy concentrations in healthy men with mildly elevated tHcy concentrations. If high homocysteine concentrations indeed cause cardiovascular disease, choline intake may reduce cardiovascular disease risk in humans. © 2005 American Society for Clinical Nutrition.
Subject
Health
Biomedical Research
Choline
Homocysteine
Humans
Methionine loading
Phosphatidylcholine
choline
cyanocobalamin
fatty acid
folic acid
homocysteine
lipid
methionine
phosphatidylcholine
pyridoxine
adult
aged
article
body weight
clinical article
clinical trial
controlled clinical trial
controlled study
diet restriction
human
kidney function test
liver function test
loading test
male
randomized controlled trial
blood
cross-sectional study
double blind procedure
drug effect
kidney
liver
metabolism
middle aged
oral drug administration
Administration, Oral
Choline
Cross-Sectional Studies
Double-Blind Method
Fasting
Homocysteine
Humans
Kidney
Liver
Male
Methionine
Middle Aged
Phosphatidylcholines
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:21d77678-ea5a-4cdc-bbba-9496c857e6b6
TNO identifier
239021
ISSN
0002-9165
Source
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 82 (1), 111-117
Document type
article