Title
Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and incidence of postmenopausal breast cancer in 15 European cohorts within the ESCAPE project
Author
Andersen, Z.J.
Stafoggia, M.
Weinmayr, G.
Pedersen, M.
Galassi, C.
Jørgensen, J.T.
Oudin, A.
Forsberg, B.
Olsson, D.
Oftedal, B.
Aasvang, G.M.
Aamodt, G.
Pyko, A.
Pershagen, G.
Korek, M.
de Faire, U.
Pedersen, N.L.
Östenson, C.G.
Fratiglioni, L.
Eriksen, K.T.
Tjønneland, A.
Peeters, P.H.
Bueno de Mesquita, B.
Plusquin, M.
Key, T.J.
Jaensch, A.
Nagel, G.
Lang, A.
Wang, M.
Tsai, M.Y.
Fournier, A.
Boutron-Ruault, M.C.
Baglietto, L.
Grioni, S.
Marcon, A.
Krogh, V.
Ricceri, F.
Sacerdote, C.
Migliore, E.
Tamayo-Uria, I.
Amiano, P.
Dorronsoro, M.
Vermeulen, R.
Sokhi, R.
Keuken, M.
de Hoogh, K.
Beelen, R.
Vineis, P.
Cesaroni, G.
Brunekreef, B.
Hoek, G.
Raaschou-Nielsen, O.
Publication year
2017
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Epidemiological evidence on the association between ambient air pollution and breast cancer risk is inconsistent. OBJECTIVE: We examined the association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and incidence of postmenopausal breast cancer in European women. METHODS: In 15 cohorts from nine European countries, individual estimates of air pollution levels at the residence were estimated by standardized land-use regression models developed within the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE) and Transport related Air Pollution and Health impacts - Integrated Methodologies for Assessing Particulate Matter (TRANSPHORM) projects: particulate matter (PM) ≤2:5 um, ≤10 um, and 2:5–10 um in diameter (PM2:5, PM10, and PMcoarse, respectively); PM2:5 absorbance; nitrogen oxides (NO2 and NOx); traffic intensity; and elemental composition of PM. We estimated cohort-specific associations between breast cancer and air pollutants using Cox regression models, adjusting for major lifestyle risk factors, and pooled cohort-specific estimates using random-effects meta-analyses. RESULTS: Of 74,750 postmenopausal women included in the study, 3,612 developed breast cancer during 991,353 person-years of follow-up. We found positive and statistically insignificant associations between breast cancer and PM2:5 {hazard ratio (HR) =1:08 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77, 1.51] per 5 ug/m3 }, PM10 [1.07 (95% CI: 0.89, 1.30) per 10 ug/m3 ], PMcoarse [1.20 (95% CI: 0.96, 1.49 per 5 ug/m3 ], and NO2 [1.02 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.07 per 10 ug/m3 ], and a statistically significant association with NOx [1.04 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.08) per 20 ug/m3, p =0:04]. CONCLUSIONS: We found suggestive evidence of an association between ambient air pollution and incidence of postmenopausal breast cancer in European women. © 2017, Public Health Services, US Dept of Health and Human Services. All rights reserved. Chemicals/CAS: copper, 15158-11-9, 7440-50-8; iron, 14093-02-8, 53858-86-9, 7439-89-6; nickel, 7440-02-0; nitrogen oxide, 11104-93-1; potassium, 7440-09-7; silicon, 7440-21-3; sulfur, 13981-57-2, 7704-34-9; vanadium, 7440-62-2; zinc, 7440-66-6, 14378-32-6
Subject
ELSS - Earth, Life and Social Sciences
2016 Urban Mobility & Environment
Healthy Living
Healthy for Life
Copper
Element
Iron
Nickel
Nitrogen oxide
Potassium
Silicon
Sulfur
SUMS - Sustainable Urban Mobility and Safety
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1e129f1d-187e-4404-a018-8a8654e6ec05
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp1742
TNO identifier
782442
ISSN
0091-6765
Source
Environmental Health Perspectives, 125 (125), 1-14
Document type
article