Title
Relative absorption and dermal loading of chemical substances: Consequences for risk assessment
Author
Buist, H.E.
Schaafsma, G.
van de Sandt, J.J.M.
TNO Kwaliteit van Leven
Publication year
2009
Abstract
Quantification of skin absorption is an essential step in reducing the uncertainty of dermal risk assessment. Data from literature indicate that the relative dermal absorption of substances is dependent on dermal loading. Therefore, an internal exposure calculated with absorption data determined at a dermal loading not comparable to the actual loading may lead to a wrong assessment of the actual health risk. To investigate the relationship between dermal loading and relative absorption in a quantitative manner, 138 dermal publicly available absorption experiments with 98 substances were evaluated (87 in vitro, 51 in vivo; molecular weight between 40 and 950, log P between -5 and 13), with dermal loading ranging mostly between 0.001 and 10 mg/cm2. In 87 experiments (63%) an inverse relationship was observed between relative dermal absorption and dermal loading, with an average decrease of factor 33 ± 69. Known skin irritating and volatile substances less frequently showed an inverse relationship between dermal loading and relative absorption. © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Subject
Chemistry
Food and Chemical Risk Analysis
Dermal absorption
Dermal loading
In vitro
In vivo
Risk assessment
Skin irritation
1 methyl 2 pyrrolidinone
2 ethoxyethanol
aminolevulinic acid
aminolevulinic acid hexyl ester
aminolevulinic acid methyl ester
atrazine
azinphos methyl
benzo[a]pyrene
benzoic acid
catechol
chemical compound
disulfoton
flurbiprofen
hexachlorobenzene
hydrocortisone
ibuprofen
iprodione
malathion
mevinphos
naloxone
parathion
pentachlorophenol
pesticide
phosmet
pyrene
testosterone
triclosan
trimethylamine
volatile agent
zinc chloride
article
health hazard
human
in vitro study
in vivo study
molecular weight
nonhuman
priority journal
risk assessment
skin absorption
skin irritation
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e9ae718f-3254-471d-8fab-03aa4052f1f6
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2009.04.002
TNO identifier
241662
ISSN
0273-2300
Source
Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 54 (3), 221-228
Document type
article